Hodgkin Lymphoma

Wani Bayani na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphoma wani ciwon daji ne wanda ke tasowa a cikin rukuni na jini da ake kira lymphocytes. Jikinku yana dogara da nau'o'in lymphocytes daban-daban don yin ayyuka daban-daban a cikin tsarin rigakafi. Wadannan lymphocytes su ne kwayoyin da suke girma a cikin matakai, irin tadpoles zama frogs. Kuma, tun da ciwon ciwon daji zai iya bunkasa a cikin nau'o'in lymphocytes da kuma a wasu matakai daban-daban na ci gaban su, yawancin lymphoma daban-daban suna yiwuwa.

Lymphoma Hodgkin (HL) da lymphoma ba Hodgkin (NHL) su ne babban nau'i na lymphoma . HL ne ake kira cutar Hodgkin, kuma sunayen biyu suna kwatanta cutar guda daya - babu wani abu kamar cutar Hodgkin wanda ba lymphoma ba. Wani likita mai suna Thomas Hodgkin ya fara gano HL a cikin shekarun 1800, lymphoma kuma ya dauki sunansa har yau.

Hodgkin Lymphoma: Ciwon daji na Nodes na Lymph

HL yana farawa ne a cikin ƙananan lymph , kamar yadda yawancin lymphomas.

• Yin gwagwarmayar da kuma neman goyon baya idan kana da cutar Hodgkin

• Yara da ciki lokacin da ke zaune tare da Lyodhoma Hodgkin

Kowannenmu yana da daruruwan ƙwayoyin lymph, waxanda ƙananan, gabobin jiki ne mai nau'in bean wanda ke taimakawa wajen kula da jikin jiki mai suna lymph.

Menene lymph? To, idan kayi tunanin zubar da jinin ta hanyar mai binciken microscopic, jinin jini da manyan sunadarai zasu kasance a cikin mai yayinda ruwan zai wuce. Wannan ruwa yana kama da lymph. Kwayoyin dake cikin lymph su ne labarin daban. Jirgin jini na jiki na jiki ya tattara zuwa tsarin lymphatic don yin aikin don tsarin rigakafi. Kwayoyin fararen suna motsawa cikin lymph, kuma yawancinsu suna zaune a cikin ƙananan lymph.

Jirgin samfurori suyi zamantakewa tare da hanyar sadarwa na tashar tashar lymph-fluid, suna aiki a matsayin magunguna, ko wuraren bincike.

Kowace ƙumburi na lymph yana tace ruwan da yake karban shi daga tasoshin lymph wanda ya zubar da wani yanki na jiki.

Wasu lokuta mutane suna sane da ƙwayar lymph kamar yadda suke yi a karkashin fata, ko kuma abin da ake kira gland shine wanda zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta. Yawancin lokutan, ba a gane koyayyun ƙwayoyin lymph ba. Bugu da ƙari, wasu ƙwayoyin lymph suna cikin jiki, kusa da zuciya, tsakanin huhu, ko zurfi a cikin ciki, tsaftacewa da kuma tsaftace ruwan hawan ƙwayar jikin mutum daga jikin ciki da ƙwayoyin jikin. A cikin waɗannan wurare, ba za a iya lura da su ba dan lokaci, koda kuwa sun kumbura ko bunkasa cikin taro.

Node da ke kumburi daga lymphoma Hodgkin zai iya tashi a cikin wani ɓangare na jiki, a cikin ƙwayar lymph na wuyansa, underarms, ko a cikin akwati.

Me ya sa Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Masana kimiyya basu san abin da ke jawo hankalin Hodgkin lymphoma ba. Akwai wasu halayen haɗarin haɗari, amma kasancewar haɗarin haɗari ba ta wata hanya ta tabbatar da cewa HL za ta ci gaba, kuma babu wata hanyar haɗari dole ne a lalacewa lokacin da HL ke ci gaba.

Irin waɗannan abubuwa masu haɗari sun hada da cutar da ke haifar da wata guda, ko mononucleosis, wadda ake kira cutar Epstein-Bar. Tarihin iyali yana da matsalar haɗari, amma ba'a san yadda ko me ya sa; wato, akwai nau'in jinsin da zai sa dangin su kasance masu saukin kamuwa ga HL, ko kuma mutanen da suke cikin iyali suna da irin wannan cututtuka na yara wanda ya sa haɗarin HL. Samun tsarin raunin da ya raunana ya kara haɓakar HL. Irin wannan rigakafi na iya fitowa daga HIV / AIDs, da sauran cututtuka, ko kuma daga magunguna da ake amfani da ita don kawar da amsawar da ba a yi ba.

Wane ne yake samun Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Lymphoma Hodgkin ba shi da mawuyaci fiye da NHL gaba ɗaya, yana lissafin kawai kimanin kashi 10 cikin 100 na dukan lymphoma. Zai iya faruwa a duka yara da manya, kuma akwai ƙungiyoyi biyu masu girma:

• Matasa da matasa masu shekaru 15 zuwa 40
• Manya tsofaffi fiye da shekaru 55

Saboda haka, kodayake HL yana da wuya, idan yana iya zama kamar kamun mutane 20 a cikin shekarun su 20 sun samu bincikar lafiya sau da yawa, kuma hakan yana yiwuwa ne saboda rukuni na farko.

Ta yaya Yayi Bambanci daga Lymphoma Ba na Hodgkin?

Kowane mutum da HL yana iya samun labarin kansa don gaya. Gaba ɗaya, duk da haka, lymphoma na Hodgkin yana da ƙananan ƙananan, ƙananan ƙungiyar lymphomas fiye da NHL. HL yana samuwa a cikin sassan B, ko B-lymphocytes, kamar yadda NHL ke da yawa. Duk da haka, ba kamar NHL ba, HL yana da biyar ƙididdiga na al'ada (fiye da wannan a ƙasa); NHL yana da yawancin su.

HL da NHL sun bambanta da yadda suke fitowa kuma suna yadawa ta hanyoyi daban-daban na lymph. HL zai iya farawa kuma yada a cikin wata hanya, hanya mai tsabta - daga ƙumbadadden lymph zuwa ƙumbadar lymph. Kadan da wuya kuma a cikin mummunar cututtuka HL ta shiga jini kuma ya zama mafi tartsatsi. A lokuta da yawa na NHL, an ɗauka daga samun damar cewa nodes masu yawa a sassa daban daban na jiki zasu iya shiga, har sai an tabbatar da hakan.

Kwayoyin cututtuka na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Mutane da ke tare da HL zasu iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka, amma mafi yawan al'amuran da aka gano akan ganewar asali shine ƙãra lambun lymph (s) da kuma kome ba.

Zai yiwu a kara girma a cikin wuyan wuyansa, a cikin wuyansa, ko kuma a cikin ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.

• Mene ne Cutar Canji na Biyu na Mutanen da ke Cutar Kwayar Hodgkin?

• 8 Alamai da cututtuka na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Mafi yawancin, waɗanda suke tare da HL zasu iya samun asarar nauyi, zazzabi , ƙwaƙwalwa, ko raɗaɗɗa sutura da dare, wanda ake kira B bayyanar cututtuka .

Wani abu mai ban mamaki amma halayyar HL shine zafi da ke hade da amfani da giya. Masana kimiyya basu san ainihin dalilin da yasa wannan yake faruwa ba, amma yana iya kasancewa saboda fadada tasoshin a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a madadin barasa.

Sanin asalin Hodgkin Lymphoma

Kullin yaduwar ƙirar da ba ta ƙare ba ya kamata a manta. Duk da haka, abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙumbadadden ƙwayar lymph yana da yawa , kuma mafi yawa daga cikinsu ba su da mummunan rauni. Idan ƙuƙwalwar ƙirar ƙuƙwalwa mai ƙyama ta zama sabon sabo, sau da yawa lokutan jira ne don tabbatar da cewa bata kumbura ba saboda wani dalili. Lodes na Lymph sun fi karfin da za su kumbura daga cututtuka da sauran ƙananan asali daga lymphoma.

Node Noma Biopsy

Lokacin da ake zargi HL, ana iya yin amfani da kwayoyin lymph. A biopsy wata hanya ce wadda aka samo samfurin nama daga ƙumbadadden lymph ko wasu sassa na jiki kuma aikawa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwadawa da kimantawa. Dangane da yanayin wurin ƙumburi na lymph, hanya zai iya zama mai sauƙi ko kuma dan kadan kaɗan, amma a duk lokuta ana daukar shi a matsayin ƙananan tiyata. Ana iya yin ƙararraki a cikin ɗakin yanar gizo na asibiti ko kuma a ɗakin dakatar.

A cikin jiki mai tasowa, an ba ku wata rigakafi ta cikin gida don kada ku ji ciwo yayin aikin. Fatar jiki a sama da mummunan kumburi (s) an bude tare da karamin haɗari, kuma an cire kumburi guda ɗaya ko wasu daga cikin su. An rufe shinge a rufe. Labaran yana dauke da kimanin minti 30 zuwa 45, kuma zaka iya koma gida ba da daɗewa ba bayan hanya.

A madadin, lokacin da lymph nodes ko wasu shafukan yanar gizo masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suna cikin jiki, hanya na biopsy na iya haifar da ƙyamar jiki da kuma hotunan don jagorancin allurar rigakafi a daidai wurin abin da ake zargi. Likita na iya yin amfani da allura don samun damar samfurin, wanda aka dauka kuma ya aika zuwa masanin ilimin lissafi don gwadawa.

Gwajiyar gwaninta mai kyau shine hanya wanda ake yin wani lokacin, musamman a matsayin mataki na farko idan akwai damuwa cewa kumburi a wuyansa zai iya zama tare da ciwon kansa da wuyansa. Zuciyar buƙata mai kyau, duk da haka, ba ya samar da samfurin samfurin kamar yadda ya kamata a gano kwayar halitta ta jiki don ganewar farko na HL.

Wasu lokuta wasu shafukan yanar gizo irin su kasusuwan kasusuwan sune kwayar halitta, amma wannan ba yawanci wani ɓangare na binciken kimanin lokaci na HL ba.

Gwajin jini

Gwada jini kamar gwagwarmayar jini ko CBC ya ƙunshi rikitattun na'ura na atomatik wanda yake ƙaddamar da jini daga nau'o'in daban don sanin ko lambobinka sun faɗi cikin layi na al'ada ko maras kyau. Bincike ba ƙayyadaddu ga HL ba. Wani lokaci wasu alamu daga jini za a iya amfani da su don ƙara bayani don daidaitawa tare da alamar. Kuma nunawa ga wasu cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka kuma sune wani ɓangare na ƙwaƙwalwar binciken farko.

PET Scans da Hoto

Bita binciken PET a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya zama mahimmanci ga farko da aka fara amfani da lymphoma na Hodgkin. Kwancen PET zai iya taimakawa wajen bayyana bambancin tsakanin ciwon daji da cibiyoyin fibrous da ke cikin jiki bayan an bi mutum da HL. Sharuɗɗa daga Ƙungiyar Ciwon Ƙwararren Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya tana bada shawarar PET / CT don ƙaddamarwa na farko da kuma mayar da martani na ƙarshe a marasa lafiya tare da HL .

PET scans da CT scans biyu nau'i- nau'i daban- daban da aka yi tare da juna don haka an yi amfani da hoto mai kyau ta hanyar CT yayin da aka sanya ikon PET don gano wuraren da cutar ta haskakawa. Wani taro a cikin akwatin kirji, ko matsakaici, yana da mahimmanci a cikin HL na al'ada akan PET / CT.

Halin PET ya ci gaba da ɓullowa, kuma yana da sha'awa ga nazarin PET na zamani, inda zaka iya ganin amsawar da kake samu zuwa maganin da aka ba da ita kafin wannan tsarin ya kammala. A yawancin lokuta, shaidun suna har yanzu a kan mafi kyawun lokaci na nazarin PET da kuma abubuwan da zasu shafi canji.

Nau'in Lymphoma Hodgkin

Akwai manyan nau'ikan HL guda biyar wanda za'a iya gano shi tare da. Lymphoma Hodgkin na tsohuwar ƙwayoyin tsohuwar amfani ne da aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar nau'in nau'i guda hudu da suka haɗa da hada da fiye da kashi 95 cikin 100 na duk lokuta na HL a kasashe masu tasowa. Daga cikin manyan nau'o'i biyar, kawai na farko da hudu sune HL:

Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin Lymphoma (NSHL)

• Mafi yawan HL; Asusun ajiyar kuɗi na kashi 60 zuwa kashi 70 cikin 100 na duk lokuta HL
• Mafi yawancin mata da mafi yawa suna rinjayar matasa
• Mafi rinjaye yana rinjayar nodes a cikin wuyansa ko damuwa, ko a cikin kirji

Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma (MCHL)

• Wani nau'in HL na kowa, yana lissafin kashi 15 cikin dari zuwa kashi 30 na gwaji
• Mafi yawan jama'a a kasashe masu tasowa
• Ana shafar mutane na kowane zamani
• Zai yiwu ya ƙunshi ƙwayar ciki fiye da nau'in ƙwayoyin sclerosing da yawa, kuma ƙananan ƙila za a haɗa nau'ikan a cikin kirji
• M, amma sosai curable

Lymphocyte Tsarin Huggkin Lymphoma (LDHL)

• HL mai saurin gaske HL wanda ke sanya kusan kashi 1 cikin 100 na lokuta
• Ana gani a cikin tsofaffi kuma an gano shi a wani mataki na ci gaba; Har ila yau, yafi kowa a cikin wadanda ke fama da kwayar cutar HIV

Lymphocyte-arziki Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (LRCHL)

• Ƙarancin abu mara kyau; asusun na kimanin kashi 5 zuwa kashi 6 cikin 100 na bincikar lafiya
• Yana shafar mutane fiye da 30s ko 40s
• Yawancin mutanen da aka gano a farkon matakan; Amsawa ga magani yana da kyau
• Ba a samo shi ba a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph; yana faruwa a saman rabin jikin.

Wannan ya bar wani nau'i na HL ba na gargajiya ba :

Nodular Lymphocyte Mafi Girma Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)

• Yanzu an dauki nau'in HL na musamman wanda ya bambanta daga sauran nau'ikan da ke sama
• Lissafi don kashi 4 zuwa kashi 5 cikin 100 na bincikar lafiya
• Kwayoyin microscopically suna kama da NHL
• Kwayar cutar ta kama da nau'in lymphocyte mai arziki na HL na al'ada, tare da takaddun ƙwayar lymph na musamman a cikin wuyansa da damuwa

Mene ne Furofayil?

Bugu da ƙari, HL ana la'akari da daya daga cikin ciwon daji da ke samuwa da ciwon sankarar jini lokacin da aka kama shi a farkon matakan, kuma yana da yiwuwar mawuyaci har ma a baya. Duk da haka, akwai lokuta da suka dawo bayan magani da / ko kuma wadanda suke da wuyar magance.

Ra'idodin kan maganin lafiyar HL da saurin rayuwa ba sau da sauƙin fahimtar ko amfani da mutum guda; sabili da haka yin aiki tare da likita don fahimtar zaɓin magani da prognoses yana da mahimmanci.

Jiyya na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Idan an gano ku tare da HL kuma suna mamakin yadda za a iya magance ku, kuyi magana da likitanku game da aikinku na musamman da abin da ke nufi. Ana iya ba da shawara ga lafiyar cututtuka ko radiation, amma abin da ke daidai a gare ka zai dogara ne akan nau'in HL ɗinka, yanayinka, shekarunka, lafiyar lafiyarka, da sauransu.

Ƙara koyo game da magani na lymphoma Hodgkin .

Idan kana jurewa, tabbatar da ganin likitanka idan ka lura da wani sabon abu da ke cikin yanayinka ko kuma yana fama da illa mai lalacewa, wasu daga cikin waɗanda za a iya gudanar da su lafiya. Idan kana da wata tambaya game da yanayinka ko yadda aka gudanar da shi, kada ka jinkirta yin magana da likitanka gaba ko neman ra'ayi na biyu.

Kalma Daga

Ya kamata ka yi la'akari da yin alƙawari tare da likitanka idan kana da wata alamar rashin tsoro ko bayyanar cututtuka. Wasu lokuta wani ƙumbadar furen hanzari mai haske ne kawai kododin yadu ne, wanda yake da muhimmanci a tuna. Amma rashin kulawa da ƙumbadadden ƙwayar kututtuka yana iya nufin damar da aka rasa don ganowa da wuri da kuma kulawa da sauri.

Idan kai ko wanda kake ƙaunata an gano shi tare da lymphoma na Hodgkin, yana da al'ada don jin kunya da dan takaici. Yin hankali na dukan lymphoma iri da jiyya na iya zama aiki mai ban tsoro. Lokacin karantawa, ka tabbata kafofinka suna nufin Hodgkin lymphoma musamman, kuma ba kawai lymphoma a general.

A, muna nufin bayyana abubuwan da suka danganci kimiyya mafi kyau, amma koyaushe a cikin harshen Turanci. Bincike sau da yawa kuma a kowane lokaci na tafiya na kanji, kuma kuyi amfani da wasu albarkatun ga marasa lafiya irin su Cibiyar Cancer ta Amurka da cutar sankarar bargo da Lymphoma Society.

Wasu lokuta yana iya taimakawa wajen yin magana da wanda ya kasance a cikin lymphoma na Hodgkin da dukan abin da ganewa da maganin yake. Bita bita, tarurruka, har ma da kafofin watsa labarun su ne kyakkyawan hanyar da za su iya haɗuwa da wasu waɗanda za su iya raba gwagwarmaya ko samun irin abubuwan da suka faru da fahimta.

> Sources:

> Cibiyar Ciwon Ƙwayar Yammacin Amirka. Menene halayen haɗari ga cutar Hodgkin?

> Hutchings M. Ta Yaya PET / CT ya taimaka wajen zaɓar farfadowa ga marasa lafiya da lymphoma Hodgkin? Hematology Am Soc Hematol Ilimin Ilimi . 2012; 2012: 322-7.

> Latsa L, Linch D. Hodgkin ta lymphoma a cikin manya. Lancet . 2012; 380 (9844): 836-47.