Wani maganin rigakafi na kwayar cuta yana dauke da wata cuta mai raunana, wanda ake tsarawa don taimakawa jikinka ya inganta maganganun ba tare da yada tasowa bayyanar cutar ba. Kwayar yana koyar da tsarin rigakafin abin da kwayar cutar ta yi kama da kuma ba da damar jiki ya ci gaba da amsawa. Yawancin maganin rigakafi na irin wannan zai ba da damar yin rigakafi na rayuwa don ci gaba tare da daya daga cikin allurai biyu da ake bukata.
Saboda wadannan maganin sun hada da ƙananan rayayyun kwayoyin cutar, ba a ba su marasa lafiya tare da raunin tsarin rigakafi, kamar marasa lafiya a kan kwayoyin cuta masu tsayi, suna shan maganin cutar shan magani, ko kuma suna da wasu cututtuka irin su HIV. Mata masu juna biyu kada su karbi maganin alurar rigakafin cutar.
Duk da yake mafi yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta ba su buƙatar ƙwayoyin magunguna, maganin rigakafin kwayoyin cutar yana buƙatar guda ɗaya ko akalla ƙananan allurai (misali shingles maganin alurar riga kafi, ko kyanda, mumps da maganin rigakafi) kuma zai iya haifar da wani matsala mai kama da kamuwa da kamuwa da cutar.
Ɗaya daga cikin wadannan maganin alurar rigakafi shine cewa suna buƙatar firiji, wanda zai iya rage ikon yin amfani da wadannan maganin rigakafi a wasu yankuna. Idan ba a kiyaye alurar rigakafi a daidai zazzabi zasu iya zama marasa aiki kuma rigakafi bazai iya tasiri ba. Har ila yau, wasu maganin alurar rigakafi masu rai sun zo a matsayin foda kuma suna buƙatar hadawa tare da wani ruwa kafin a gudanar da shi.
Hadawa tare da nauyin ruwa mara kyau ko nauyin ruwa mara daidai ba shi ne kurakurai wanda zai haifar da aikin maganin alurar riga kafi.
Sabuwar fasaha ya ba da damar maganin alurar rigakafin kwayar cutar a matsayin mai daukar hoto ko kuma "doki-doki." A wannan irin maganin alurar riga kafi, kwayar cutar ta haifar da wani DNA cikin jiki.
DNA shine abin da ke haifar da amsawar rigakafi, ba cutar ba.
Kwayar cutar tana ba da damar yin tasiri da kuma damar DNA don kewaye jikinka ba tare da gano tsarin tsarin farko ba. A cikin wannan labari, kwayar cutar mai dauke da kwayar cutar ita ce dokijan da ke dauke da DNA cikin jiki.
Kwayoyin Cutar Kwayoyin Rayayyun Kasuwanci
- Cutar Intranasal
- Riki, Mumps da Rubella Vaccine
- Rotavirus Vaccine
- Varicella Virus Vaccine
Risks
Duk da yake ƙananan, akwai haɗarin cewa cutar ta raunana zai iya canza kuma ya kawo karshen cutar da cutar maimakon hana shi.
Ta Yaya Sauran Dabbobin Cizon Sauran Kewayo
Idan kana da iyaye sai ka san cewa akwai maganin alurar rigakafi daban-daban wanda likitanka ya bukaci ka ba danka. Wasu daga cikin wasu nau'o'in maganin alurar riga kafi an bayyana su a ƙasa.
An kashe alurar rigakafi (rashin aiki) daga furotin ko wani ɓangare na kwayar cutar ko kwayoyin cuta. Rashin fadi shine misalin maganin alurar riga kafi. Magunguna marasa tsafta sun fi sauƙi don mai kula da lafiyar ka. Yawancin basu buƙatar refrigeration, hadawa ta musamman ko bukatun shipping. Rayuwa mafi tsawo na rayuwa yana nufin zasu iya miƙawa a ofishin likitan ku.
Tare da maganin alurar rigakafi, ba ku da hatsarin bunkasa cutar cewa an yi maganin alurar riga kafi. Ɗaya daga cikin maganganu na yau da kullum da kuma dalilan da mutane ke ƙin maganin rigakafin cutar shi ne cewa sun kamu da cutar tare da alurar riga kafi.
Magungunan rigakafi (misali polio da pertussis) sukan buƙaci nau'in maganin rigakafi a lokacin rigakafin rigakafi da kuma sautin kwanciyar hankali don ci gaba da kariya. Wannan wani lokaci yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan rigakafi.
Magunguna masu ƙwayoyi ba su haifar da rigakafi zuwa ainihin kamuwa da cuta. Maimakon haka, maganin alurar rigakafi yana dauke da kwayar cutar ko sinadaran da kwayoyin cutar ko kwayar cutar ta haifar da hana cututtuka na kamuwa da cutar. Nunawa yana koyar da jikinka ba tare da tsarin yadda za a iya yaki da toxin ba tare da yada tasowa na tasiri na cikakkiyar tasiri ba.
Cutar rigakafi sun ƙunshi wasu ɓangarori na kwayoyin cuta ko kwayar cutar da zata haifar da amsa ba tare da amsa ba amma ba zai kai ga ci gaba da cutar ba.
Kwayoyin maganin rigakafi ba su ƙayyade ainihin kwayar cutar ko kwayoyin ba, amma ƙananan baban kwayoyin cutar ko kwayar cutar suna amfani da su don kare kansu daga tsarin rigakafi. Wannan irin maganin alurar riga kafi yana aiki musamman a cikin matasan, balagagge ba.
Biosynthetic maganin kamar kamar sunan yana nuna. Masanin kimiyya ya haifar da wani abu wanda ya dace da kwayar cutar ko kwayoyin da jikin ya haifar da amsawar immunogenic. Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B) maganin alurar riga kafi ne misali.
Abun Amfani
Magunguna sune daya daga cikin labarun tabbatar da lafiyar jama'a na gaskiya na rayuwata. Mun ga yawancin shekarun haihuwa a Amurka, kamuwa da ƙwayar kwakwalwa da ke amfani da ita don lalata yara ƙanana, daga farkon kwanaki 30 na rayuwa zuwa 18.
Tetanus, diphtheria, mumps, kyanda, coughing, meningitis, da cutar shan inna ne misalai na wasu cututtuka da suka saba kasancewa. Ba wai kawai wadannan cututtuka suna haifar da rashin lafiya ba, za su iya haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiyar rayuwa har ma da mutuwa. Duk da yake ba a kawar da dukkanin wadannan cututtukan a matsayin cutar shan inna ba, maganin rigakafi sun rage mawuyacin hali da rikitarwa daga waɗannan cututtuka.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Nazarin Allergy da Cututtuka. Daban maganin rigakafi
> Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya. Sauran maganin alurar rigakafin rayuwa (LAV).
> CDC. Tambayoyi na asali da kuma tambayoyi.