Abin da ke faruwa a lokacin da naman gwari yana rinjayar Brain
Akwai abun da ke damuwa game da naman gwari. Watakila shi ne saboda fungi ba kamar sababbin siffofin rayuwa ba, irin su tsire-tsire ko dabbobi. Ko watakila yana da dangantaka tsakanin naman gwari da abubuwan da suka mutu ko mutuwa. Duk da yake rashin kamuwa da cutar ba shi da maraba, wani abu game da cututtukan fungal na alama yana da ban sha'awa. Wannan shi ne musamman a yayin da naman gwari ya mamaye wani abu kamar yadda yake da daraja da kuma masu zaman kansu kamar yadda muke ji.
Cutar cututtuka na tsarin kulawa ta tsakiya ba na musamman ba ne, amma idan irin wannan cututtuka ya faru, sakamakon zai iya zama yankunan. Abin da ya biyo baya shi ne tasirin mai layi na sababbin cututtuka a cikin ilimin lissafi, amma rashin alheri, cikakken jerin dukkan mayaƙan da zai yiwu zai kasance da yawa.
Aspergillus
Kwayoyin Aspergillus suna da yawa a yanayi. Duk da yawancin shahararrun, kamuwa da mutane tare da Aspergillus ya zama wanda ba a sani ba, sai dai idan an kawar da tsarin rigakafi. Bayanan haɗari ga tsarin rigakafi da aka kashe da sun hada da ciwon sukari, maganin steroid , suturar jiki , cututtuka, ciwo, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da AIDS , da sauransu.
Kwayar ya shiga cikin jiki bayan ya hura cikin cikin huhu, inda ya shiga jini. Da zarar cikin jinin, Aspergillus zai iya shawo kan gabobin daban-daban, ciki har da kwakwalwa. Aspergillus da ke shiga cikin kwakwalwa zai iya haifar da sacewa ko rashin gazawa, kamar lalacewa ko rauni.
Yana kuma iya haifar da meningitis . Hanyoyin cututtuka na meningitis sun hada da ciwon kai, zazzabi, da wuya wuyansa.
A kan MRI, kamuwa da Aspergillus yana haifar da ƙananan ƙwayar da yake kama da cannonball a kwakwalwa. Jiyya yana tare da wani wakili mara amfani kamar voriconazole ko amphotericin. Ko da tare da magani, da mace-mace na wannan kamuwa da cuta ne in mun gwada da high.
Candida Albicans
Kusan kowane mutum ya riga ya ci gaba da candida cikin jiki; yana da wani ɓangare na fure na yau da kullum na gastrointestinal da trait genitourinary. Wasu lokuta wani lamari ya faru wanda zai haifar da candida don keta iyakokinta, wanda yakan haifar da ciwon yisti cikin mata. Candida kuma sananne ne saboda haddasa mummunan ɓacin rai , murfin baki da baki.
A cikin marasa lafiya na marasa lafiya, wadanda 'yan Candida za su shiga cikin jini kuma su yada zuwa wurare daban-daban a cikin jiki. Candida zai iya haifar da ciwon mutum, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin wadanda ba a taɓa yin ba, ko kuma a matsayin mai haɗari. An gano asali ta hanyar tara yawan adadin kwayar cututtuka (CSF) don yayi girma a cikin al'ada.
Coccidioides Immitis
Coccidioides ana samuwa a cikin hamada na kudu maso yammacin Amurka da Tsakiya da Kudancin Amirka. Kamuwa da cuta tare da coccidiosis zai iya haifar da matsalolin da yawa, daga yawancin zazzaɓi na zafin jiki zuwa ga meningitis na mutuwa.
Idan ba a magance su ba, kimanin kashi 95 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya da ciwon daji na mace zai mutu a cikin shekaru biyu, bisa ga Cibiyar Lafiya ta Duniya, amma yayin da Coccidioides ya kamu da kimanin 150,000 a kowace shekara, kimanin 100 daga cikin waɗannan sun haɗa da meningitis. Yana iya ɗaukar watanni daga kamuwa da cutar ta farko don zama mai bayyane.
Kwayoyin cututtuka sun hada da ciwon kai mai tsanani, da sauran cututtuka wanda bazai kasance ba har sai marigayi a cikin wannan cuta.
An gane ganewar asirin da ake yi na coccidia meningitis ta hanyar nazarin CSF, wanda aka samu ta hanyar lumbar . Ana iya gwada antibodies ga kwayoyin don amfani da wannan CSF. A wasu lokatai, anyi amfani da kwayoyin halittun da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa (meninges) don ganewar asali.
Mafi magani wanda aka fi so ga cututtuka na coccidiosis shine furotin fluconazole. Wasu likitoci za su kara amphotericin B. Idan hydrocephalus ya kasance, wani shunt yana da mahimmanci. Yana iya ɗaukar makonni kafin akwai wani kyakkyawan haɓakawa.
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Cryptococcus ya shiga cikin jiki ta cikin huhu lokacin da wani ya numfasawa a cikin furen fungal. Daga can, naman gwari ya shiga jini kuma ya yada cikin jiki, musamman ga kwakwalwa. Wannan shi ne mawuyacin hali a cikin mutanen da aka gurfanar da su ta hanyar rigakafi, kodayake Cryptococcus yana fama da marasa lafiya.
Cryptococcus yawanci yakan haifar da meningoencephalitis mai ɗorewa (ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa da zane-zane), tare da ciwon kai, zazzabi, kuma sau da yawa mai wuya da kuma zubar da jini. Hanyoyin kwakwalwa suna haifar da canjin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da sauran ƙarancin ƙididdiga.
Za a iya bincikar cutar da ake kira Cryptococcal ta hanyar gudanar da gwaje-gwaje masu dacewa a kan ruwan da ke ciki wanda aka samo ta hanyar lumbar . Idan an auna matsa lamba na CSF, zai iya zama ƙwarai a cikin waɗannan cututtuka. MRI ba ta nuna canje-canje ba, ko da yaushe wani taro na iya kasancewa. Za a iya gwada gwajin jini a cikin marasa lafiya ga antigen cryptococcal wanda zai iya zama da amfani wajen yin wannan ganewar asali .
Histoplasmosis
Histoplasmosis ne mai naman gwari wanda za'a iya samuwa a al'ada, masu lafiya - amma kuma a wasu lokuta yakan haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani. A Amurka, yawanci ana samun su a kwarin kogin Ohio da Mississippi a jihohin Midwestern.
Yawancin lokaci, naman gwari yana haifar da matsalolin mutane wadanda aka sanya su tsarin kulawa ta hanyar yanayin kamar AIDS ko wasu magunguna. Tarihin tarihi na iya haifar da zazzaɓi, asarar nauyi , da gajiya.
Duk da yake tarihin tarihi zai iya haifar da matsaloli a ko'ina cikin jiki-musamman ma huhu-lokacin da yake kai hare-haren tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, ana iya gano shi ta hanyar neman antigens a cikin ruwan sanyi . Kwayar ba zai yi saurin girma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ba. Rabin lokaci, al'adun CSF ba su girma kwayar cutar ba, koda kuwa akwai kamuwa da cuta. Wasu lokuta, kwakwalwa ko kuma biopsy meningeal shine kadai hanyar yin ganewar asali.
Tarihin ilimin tarihin da ya shiga cikin tsarin duniyar tsakiya na iya zama da wuya a bi da shi. Kimanin kashi 60 zuwa 80 cikin dari na marasa lafiya sun amsa maganin farko, a cewar Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya na kasa, amma kimanin rabi na waɗannan zasu sake dawowa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Idan kuma ya sake komawa, wasu marasa lafiya na iya buƙatar magani na tsawon lokaci-ko har ma da tsawon rai.
Amphotericin B shine shawarar da ake yi wa marasa lafiyar da ke da lafiya har sai a yi asibiti. Wadanda ba su da mummunar rashin lafiya suna iya zama mafi alhẽri a bi da su tare da itraconazole.
Mucormycosis
Mucormycosis yana daya daga cikin cututtukan da ba'a ji tsoro ba. Lokacin da wannan naman gwari ya mamaye kwakwalwa ko manyan tasoshin jini a kusa da kwakwalwa, yawancin mace yana da matukar girma. Kusan marasa lafiya ne kawai suka warke a karkashin waɗannan yanayi.
Dagiyar da ke haifar da cututtukan wadannan ana iya samun su cikin yanayi kuma duk mutane suna nunawa a kai a kai. Kamar yawan cututtukan fungal, kusan dukkanin halaye na mutum na mamaye faruwa yayin da mai rashin lafiya ya kasance wanda bai dace ba.
Cutar kwakwalwa ta mucormycosis yana farawa ne a cikin ƙananan hanzari , inda cutar ta farko ta haifar da sinusitis tare da ciwon kai , kwantar da hankali, da zazzaɓi. Naman tsuntsu yana kashe kyakyawa da sauri cikin sauri kuma zai iya yada daga sinuses kai tsaye a cikin idanu da kwakwalwa. Ba shakka, naman gwari zai iya kaiwa kwakwalwa ta hanyar wasu hanyoyi, irin su bayan an yi masa allura cikin jini tare da kwayoyi masu ciwo.
Da zarar an gano asalin mucormycosis, an bukaci likitan likita don ya yanke dukan gawawwakin nama. Wannan tiyata zai iya zama mai lalacewa, kamar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar hanci, da tsinkayen ido, da kuma fadin sararin sama zasu iya cirewa. Kaddamar da magunguna mai karfi irin su amphotericin ma yana da mahimmanci. Ko da mawuyacin magani, rayuwa irin wannan mummunan ƙwayar mucormycosis abu ne mai wuya.
Kamar yadda ka lura, yawancin cututtuka na cututtuka na jiki ba su faruwa a cikin mutanen da tsarin tsarin rigakafi ba su aiki daidai ba. Yayin da naman gwari zai iya kai farmaki ga mutanen kirki, irin wannan cututtuka suna da wuya. Wannan ya ce, wadannan cututtuka na iya zama mai tsanani, ko ma muni, kuma yana buƙatar ganewa da kuma bi da su da wuri-wuri.
Sources:
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