Harkokin Smelling (Dysosmia) da kuma Abin da Lies Bayan Su
Menene cututtukan da suka dace? Mene ne dalili na dysosmia (wani ɓarna a cikin ma'anar wari) kuma me ya sa suke faruwa? Me yasa wannan yana da muhimmanci?
Mene ne Gwaninta? - Muhimmancin Sakon Mu
Zai zama wuya a yi tunanin rayuwa mai rai ba tare da jin ƙanshin fure, ko dandano kofi ba. Hanyoyin haɓaka, ƙanshinmu, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kusan rayuwar kowa.
Ba wai kawai taimakon haɓaka zai taimake mu mu gano turare a cikin iska a kusa da mu ba, amma yana da mahimmanci a taimaka mana mu ji dadin dandano na abinci. Kila ka ji cewa "dandano" na farko yana ƙanshi, kuma wannan gaskiya ne ga babban digiri. Sakamakon lalacewa yana lalacewa ƙwarai: farin ciki na ci da sha yana iya ɓacewa, kuma damuwa zai iya haifar. Bugu da ƙari, akwai haɗari masu haɗari da asarar ƙanshi, ciki har da rashin iyawa don gano gas din iska ko cinye abinci.
Fiye da mutane miliyan 2.7 a Amurka suna fama da rashin lafiya, kuma hakan yana iya zama rashin sanin cikakken farashi. Wasu mutane sun nuna cewa kimanin rabin mutane fiye da shekarun 60 suna da wariyar ƙanshi.
Anatomy da Physiology na Olfaction (The Sense of Smell)
A cikin ɓangaren sama da tsakiya na hanci, akwai ƙananan ƙwayar jikin da ake kira mucosa mai cin gashin kansa. Wannan yanki ya ɓoye abubuwa da yawa masu karewa, kamar immunoglobulins (magungunan da ke ɗaure da kwayoyin halitta irin su microorganisms), don hana pathogens daga shigar da kai.
Har ila yau, akwai manyan adadin sunadaran, wanda ake kira masu karɓa, wanda ke kama da sunadarai a cikin yanayin, ko kuma masu ruwa . Kowane mai karɓa yana zaton cewa yana da nau'i na musamman wanda ya dace da waɗannan maɓuɓɓuka kamar maɓalli ya dace da kulle.
Masu karɓa na jin dadin rayuwa suna rayuwa a kimanin guda shida zuwa miliyan goma sha biyu na ƙwaƙwalwar gamsuwa a kowanne ɗakuna na hanci.
Sabbin masu karɓa sun samo asali a cikin tsofaffi-daya daga cikin misalai na yadda kwakwalwa zai iya samar da sababbin kwayoyin jijiya a duk rayuwarsu. Lokacin da akwai tsararraki tsakanin magungunan muhalli da mai karɓa a jikin kwayar halitta, kwayar halitta ta ƙone alama ta kai tsaye ga kwakwalwa a kan kwanciyar hankali .
Duk da yake kwanciyar hankali mai yawan gaske ana dauke shi da " jijiyar jinƙan farko," ba ƙari ne kawai ba, amma wani ɓangare na kwakwalwa kanta. Siginan da aka fitar daga bulbus bulb tafiya zuwa sassa na ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma amygdala, wanda shine ɓangare na kwakwalwa da hannu. Daga filayen jigon farko, sakonni suna koma zuwa wasu sassan kwakwalwa, ciki har da thalamus da hypothalamus.
Sakamakon ƙusar cuta
Akwai kalmomi da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don bayyana irin nau'in wariyar wariyar launin fata. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Dysomia - A murya a cikin ma'anar wari. Dysosmia ne daga bisani ya rushe zuwa wasu nau'i guda biyu na wari. Parosmia tana nufin sauyawa a cikin hangen tsinkayen wariyar launin fata. Maɗaukaki, wanda ya bambanta, yana nufin fahimtar wari wanda bai kasance ba. Tare da rubutun sankara, kuma wari yana iya jin wari da yadda ya faru da ku a baya, ko kuma yanzu za ku sami wariyar wariyar da kuke jin daɗi. Tare da phantosmia, mai yiwuwa, alal misali, na iya jin wutan lantarki a lokacin da ba a nuna wutar lantarki ba.
- Hyposmia - Ƙarfin ƙarfin iya jin ƙanshi
- Anosmia - Cikakken rashin lafiya don jin ƙanshi
Dalili na Dysomia (Raɗaɗɗɗa cikin Sense na Susa)
Akwai dalilai da dama da dama da zasu iya haifar dysosmia.
Abubuwa mafi yawan gaske shine ƙwayoyi na hanci da cututtuka : ta hanyar zubar da ƙananan hanyoyi da ƙurar kyallen takalmin da ke karɓar kwayoyin halitta, cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka da kuma allergies suna da tasiri kan wariyarmu wanda kusan kowa ya taɓa gani a wani lokaci ko wani. Hannun da suka danganci hanci, kamar su polyphs nasal , gurbatawa bakwai , da tiyata da rauni ga hanci (kamar rhinoplasty) na iya rushe hankalin wari.
Sauran abubuwa masu yiwuwa sun haɗa da:
- Tashin hankali - Raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa zai iya tasiri tasiri a hanyoyi daban-daban: hanci zai iya lalacewa, ko kuma ƙwayoyin da ke aikawa daga hanci zuwa kwakwalwa za a iya yanke ko tsage lokacin rauni. Har ila yau, mummunar cututtuka na iya lalata bulbasiya wanda ya gano kwayoyin da muke ji.
- Tashin ciwon ƙwayar zuciya - Duka cike da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta , musamman ma wadanda suka haɗa da kwanciyar hankali ko na lobes, na iya haɗawa tare da canji a cikin jin wari. A wasu lokuta, hasara na jin wari yana iya zama alama ta farko na mummunan ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
- Gwangwani a cikin yanayi - Kyautun ƙwayoyi da hayaki sun rage jin wari. Noma irin su ammonia, sulfuric acid, da formaldehyde zai iya rage rashin jin dadi.
- Magunguna - Wasu magunguna, musamman magungunan magungunan da ke amfani da su don sarrafa cutar hawan jini na iya tsoma baki tare da jin wari. Misalan sun hada da Procardia (nifedipine), Vasotec (enalapril), da Norvasc (amlodipine).
- Rawanin kai da wuyansa don ciwon daji
Matsalar rashin lafiya - Fiye da kashi 90 na mutanen da ke fama da cutar Alzheimer suna fama da wahala, kuma dysosmia ma yana cikin kwayar cutar Parkinson .
Ciwon sukari - Ganin irin lalacewar jiji wanda zai iya haifar da ƙananan ciwon daji da cututtuka a cikin ciwon sukari, lalacewa da jijiyoyi da ke aiki tare da haɓakawa zai iya faruwa.
Cutar da zazzafan bitamin - Lalacewar zinc ko rashin rashin lafiya na marasa lafiya na Wernicke-Korsakoff suna haɗuwa da hasara na jin wari.
Har ila yau, ma'anar wari yana ragewa ta hanyar tsufa , kuma a cikin cututtukan cututtuka irin su dementia . Duk da yake kwanciyar hankali mai girma a cikin matasa yana da kimanin mita 60,000, dukansu yawan ƙananan magunguna da diamita daga cikin ƙwayarsu suna karuwa sosai da shekaru.
A cikin guda biyar daga cikin mutane biyar masu fama da rashin lafiya, dalilin shine "idiopathic," ma'ana babu wani dalili da aka samo.
Fahimtarwar Ciwon Magunguna
Sakamakon ganewar cututtuka na yau da kullum yana farawa da tarihin hankali da jarrabawar jiki. Kwafi na jiki zai iya neman hujjoji na kamuwa da cututtuka ko kwayoyin polyps. Tarihin mai hankali zai iya bayyana yiwuwar bayyanar da zazzaɓi.
Ana iya gwada gwajin da aka sani da jarrabawar Nazarin Shafin Farko ta Pennsylvania don tantance ko hyperosmia ko anosmia ya kasance a yanzu. Tun da akwai yiwuwar yiwuwar haddasawa daga kwakwalwar cuta don maganin abinci mai gina jiki, da sauransu, ƙarin gwaji zai dogara da dalilai da dama.
Jiyya da Yin Sauko da Rushewar Murmushi
Babu wasu takamaiman maganin da zasu iya canza canji a cikin wariyar wari. Wani lokaci, dysomia ya tabbatar da kansa a lokaci. Masu bincike sunyi nazarin amfani da yawan bitamin A da zinc, amma har yanzu, wannan ba zai zama tasiri ba. A halin yanzu an horar da horarwa ta horarwa kuma ya bayyana cewa yana da alhakin kai tsaye a cikin binciken farko.
Yin maganin shi ne ainihin manufar magani. Ga wadanda basu da wari, matakan tsaro kamar tabbatar da cewa kuna da ƙararrawa na da muhimmanci. Gudanarwa na abinci mai gina jiki zai iya taimakawa tun da wasu kayan abinci da kayan yaji wanda zasu iya motsa masu karɓa (mahimmanci da kuma karɓaɓɓun maganganu.)
Ƙashin Rashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙwalwa da Cutar da ke Shafar Ƙashin Mu
Muhimmancin ma'anar wari da kuma dandano shine yawanci ba tare da dadi ba a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum. Yayinda ake jijiyayyar jijiyayyar lambar ƙwayar ƙwayar jiki ta jiki, yana nuna muhimmancin haɓakawa, a halin da ake yi ana jin dadin ƙanshi (ko da masu binciken neurologists). Duk da yake gaskiyar cewa tsarin jin dadi a cikin mutane yana da ƙananan ƙananan idan aka kwatanta da sauran mambobi, wari duka suna taimaka mana mu ji dadin rayuwa, kuma yana kare mu daga gubobi a cikin yanayin.
Sources
- Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci da Stephen L. Hauser. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Education, 2015. Print.
- Pekala, K., Chandra, R., da J. Turner. Ƙarfafawa na Kwarewa na Gaskiya a cikin marasa lafiya tare da Asarar Gaskiya: Tsaftacewa Tsaro da Meta-Analysis. Cibiyar Al'umma ta Duniya da Rhino . 2016 6 (3): 299-307.
- Wongrakpanich, S., Petchlorlian, A., da kuma A. Rosenzweig. Ƙananan Tsarin Sensorineural Dysfunction da Hikima ƙin yarda: A Review Mataki na ashirin da. Kuru da Cututtuka . 2016 7 (6): 763-769.