An Bayyana Magungunan Monoxide Carbon

Tips don inganta kare kanka da iyalanka

Kwayar motar carbon monoxide tana faruwa yayin da kake numfashi a cikin ƙwayar carbon monoxide (CO), gas marar lahani, marar tsabta wanda aka samar da man fetur. Kwayoyin cututtuka sun hada da ciwon kai, damuwa, rauni, zubar da ciki, zafi ciwo, da rikicewa. Hanyoyin da aka dauka na wucewa ga CO na iya haifar da mummunar zuciya mai tsanani, kisa, rashin sani, har ma da mutuwa.

Za a iya gano guba na Monoxide tare da CO-oximeter, wani na'urar da ba ta haɗuwa da zata daidaita CO a cikin jini. Jiyya yawanci yana dauke da iskar oxygen da aka ba ta ta hanyar rufe mask. Wasu lokuta masu tsanani suna iya buƙatar magani a cikin ɗakin iska na hyperbia.

Kwayar man fetur na Carbon yana da mahimmanci a Amurka tare da kimanin kusan 20,000 na shiga cikin gaggawa kowace shekara. Ana iya yuwu da shi daga rashin ƙararrawa amma ana amfani da ƙararrawan motar carbon monoxide a cikin gida.

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Cutar cututtuka

Kwayar motar carbon monoxide zai bayyana tare da alamar cututtuka a sassa na jiki wanda ke buƙatar oxygen mafi yawan, wato zuciya da kuma tsarin tsakiya na tsakiya (CNS) . Maganin farko sun kasance sun hada da tashin zuciya, malaise, gajiya, da ciwon ciwon zuciya amma ci gaba da ciwon kai.

Yayin da CO ya ci gaba da ginawa a cikin jini, yaduwar iskar oxygen a cikin kyallen takalma zai haifar da rikice-rikice masu bayyanar cututtuka, ciki har da:

• Dizziness
• Rawancin numfashi ( dyspnea )
• Ƙunƙun zuma
• Vomiting
• Ƙwararren zuciya mai ban dariya ( arrhythmia ) ko m zuciya ( tachycardia )
• Gait ne maras kyau
• Rikici
• Rage ragewar numfashi
• Rage ƙwayar zuciya
• Delirium
• Riƙe
• Ba'a sani ba

Mutuwa ta fi sau da yawa yakan faru ne saboda sakamakon hawan jini .

Ko da bayan an magance wani mutum don maganin guba na guba, akwai haɗari na tsawon lokaci har ma da rikice-rikice masu zaman kansu, ciki har da matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, rashin tausayi, damuwa, damuwa na magana, rashiwar hangen nesa, damuwa, da cututtukan cututtukan Parkinson .

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Dalilin

Mahaxin carbon ne zai iya shiga cikin jiki ta hanyar huhu. Yayin da CO ya koma cikin jini, zai fi dacewa da haɓakar hemoglobin , sunadarai a cikin kwayoyin jinin jini wanda ke da alhakin daukar nauyin oxygen cikin jiki. Ta yin haka, CO yana hana oxygen daga samuwa da kyallen takarda da kwayoyin da suke buƙata su tsira.

Mahaxin karar carbon shine nau'in haɗari na halitta. Yawancin lokuta sakamakon sakamakon guba daga inhalation da iskar gas kamar yadda ya tara cikin wuri mai rufe (yawanci saboda rashin lafiya).

Kasuwanci na asali na CO sun hada da:

• Tuhunan wuta
• Gidan wuta
• Kaya shafe tururi
• Gas ko propane stoves da grills
• Gurasar katako da hibachis
• Maɗaurar propane, kerosene, ko iskar gas
• Mai sarrafa wutar lantarki na Gas
• Tsafaffin kayan gas

Yin tafiya a bayan wani jirgi mai mahimmanci shi ne dalilin da ya sa magungunan carbon monoxide a cikin yara. Hakazalika, motar motarka a cikin hunturu na iya guba fasinjoji idan an kulle bututu da dusar ƙanƙara. A gaskiya ma, duk wani ɓoye a cikin sharewar mota ko jirgin ruwa na iya bada izinin CO ta ambaliyar ciki.

Ruwan motar carbon monoxide na iya faruwa da gangan. Bisa ga binciken da aka wallafa a cikin Annal na Amurka Thoracic Society, 831 masu kisan kai a shekarar 2014 sun kasance sakamakon sakamakon guba na carbon monoxide, ko dai daga fitilar motar motar ko kuma wani mai a cikin gidan.

Da wannan aka ce, kashe kansa ta hanyar wannan hanya ya kasance a kan raguwa tun 1975 lokacin da dokar tarayya ta daddale shigarwa na masu juyawa a cikin motocin motar.

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Sanin asali

Sai dai idan an gane carbon monoxide a matsayin abin da ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka, ana iya kuskuren lokacin da ka fara isa dakin gaggawa. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci, don ba da shawara ga likitan ER na zarginka idan kun yi imani cewa CO yana da hannu.

Sakamakon ganewar asali shine inganci mai sauƙi. Ya ƙunshi bincike mai banƙyama, wanda ake kira CO-oximeter, wanda za'a iya sanyawa a kan yatsanka, hagu, ko wasu sassa na jiki. Oximeter ya ƙunshi diodes biyu waɗanda ke ba da haske daga nau'ukan daban-daban. Adadin hasken da aka sanya ta nama zai iya gaya wa likitoci yadda yawancin carboxyhemoglobin (gidan da aka gina ta hanyar CO da hemoglobin) yana cikin jini.

A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, za ku sami ƙasa da kashi biyar cikin dari carboxyhemoglobin idan aka kwatanta da freeglobin free. Rashin ciwo zai faru idan matakin ya kasance tsakanin kashi 10 da 30 bisa dari. Mutuwa na iya faruwa a matakan fiye da kashi 30.

Masu amfani da bugun jini na yau da kullum ba su da amfani yayin da basu iya rarrabe tsakanin carboxyhemoglobin da oxyhemoglobin (gidan da aka halicce shi ta hanyar ɗaukar oxygen da haemoglobin).

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Jiyya

Idan ana tsammanin shan guba na monoxide, aikin farko shi ne cire kansa da sauransu daga asalin CO. Ko da kuma idan bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance m, dole ne a nemi magani na gaggawa.

Jiyya na iya ƙila yin gyaran iskar oxygen da aka sanyawa ta hanyar kwaskwarima ba. Ta hanyar kara yawan nauyin oxygen a cikin jini, za'a iya cire CO a jikin jiki sau hudu fiye da kansa. Hanyoyin oxygenation na iya karya carboxyhemoglobin kuma saki haemoglobin a cikin jini.

A lokuta masu tsanani, za a iya amfani da ɗakin hyperbaric, wanda zai iya isar da 100% oxygen a cikin yanayin hawan mai girma. Hygenbar oxygen ya kawar da jini daga jini kusan sau hudu da sauri fiye da oxygen da aka kawo a matsin yanayi na al'ada. Har ila yau, ya ba da izinin oxygen zuwa iyakar hemoglobin da ke ciki kuma a kai shi kai tsaye zuwa nama.

Baya ga oxygen, wasu jiyya za a iya buƙata, ciki har da:

• Rayuwa ta Cardiac don magance matsalolin haɗari
• Ruwa mai ruɗawa don bi da tsararraki
• Jirgin sodium mai kwakwalwa don bi da maganin maganin mikiyar jiki (ginawa na acid a cikin jini saboda aikin koda yafe)
• Valium (diazepam) ko Dantrium (dantrolene) don magance farautar
• Magungunan kwantar da hankula don ƙuntata jini da kuma karfafa aikin zuciya

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Rigakafin

Mafi mahimmanci wajen yin rigakafi a cikin gida shine ƙararrakin karamin monoxide. Suna samuwa a kan layi kuma a cikin mafi yawan kayan ado na kayan aiki, suna jingina a farashin daga $ 20 domin saka idanu a kan $ 80 domin haɗin CO / hayakiyar hayaki.

Kwamitin Tsaron Kasuwancin Amurka (CPSC) ya bada shawarar cewa kowane gida yana da akalla ɗaya mai bincike na CO kuma zai fi dacewa ɗaya ga kowane bene.

Daga cikin sauran shawarwarin kariya mai kyau:

• Tabbatar cewa ana amfani da kayan injin gas.
• Yi tsarin ƙarancin ku, mai shayar da ruwa, da kowane kayan aiki na gas ko wutar da wani mai sana'a ke gudanarwa a kowace shekara.
• Kada kayi amfani da jigilar kayan lantarki cikin gida, garage, ko ƙasa da 20 feet daga kowane taga, kofa, ko iska.
• Shin an yi amfani da kyan zuma da tsabta a kowace shekara.
• Bude murfin wuta kafin ya haskaka wuta da kyau bayan an kashe shi.
• Kada kayi amfani da tanda gas don zafi gidanka.
• Kada ka bari mota mota a cikin garage.
• Sanin bayyanar cututtuka na guba na monoxide.

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Kalma Daga

Idan ƙararrakin ku na ƙararrawa ta ƙare, kada ku ɗauka cewa murya ce mai ban mamaki ko da ba ku da wata alamar bayyanar. Tunda CO ba ta da kwarewa kuma maras kyau, kana buƙatar ɗaukar cewa haɗarin ya zama ainihin kuma ya dauki aikin da ya dace.

Da farko, kada ku nemi tushen gas. CPSC a maimakon haka ya bada shawarar cewa:

• Nan da nan motsa waje zuwa cikin iska.
• Kira da sashin wuta, ayyukan gaggawa, ko 911.
• Yi takardar kai don dubawa don tabbatar da kowa da kowa.
• Kada ku sake shigar da ginin har sai masu gaggawa na gaggawa sun ba ku damar yin haka.

> Sources:

> Hampson, N. Piantodosi, C .; Thom, S. et al. Yi shawarwari a cikin ganewar asali, Gudanarwa, da Rigakafin Monoxide Rashin ci. Amer J Jagora Mai Kulawa Med. 2012; 186 (11). DOI: 10.1164 / rccm.201207-1284CI.

> Hampson, Rashin NUS saboda Rawanin Monoxide na Carbon, 1999-2014. Mutuwar Abinci da Mutuwa. Annal Amer Thoracic Soc. 2016; 13 (4): 1768-74. DOI: 10.1513 / AnnalsATS.201604-318OC.

> Kwamitin Tsaro na Kasuwancin Amurka. Carbon Monoxide Fact Sheet. Bethesda, Maryland.