Ƙwararriyar Bincike Dubi Kwayoyin Wuta da Kwayar Wuta ta Yi amfani da Shika tare da HIV
Daga kwanakin farko na cutar ta HIV, marijuana (cannabis) an yi amfani dasu don magance matsalolin da ke fama da cutar, daga jigilar cututtuka na ciwo da cutar HIV ta hanyar cututtuka masu haɗari da ake amfani da ita don amfani da maganin miyagun kwayoyi .
Duk da yake sababbin kwayoyin tsara kwayoyi sun rage rage yawancin wadannan yanayi, marijuana har yanzu an yarda da shi a matsayin hanyar da za a rage zafi, tashin zuciya, asarar nauyi, da kuma bakin ciki wanda zai iya biyowa tare da kamuwa da cuta.
Har ma akwai shawarwari cewa marijuana zai iya samun amfanin amfanin lokaci mai tsawo ta hanyar ragewa-ko ma hana ci gaba da cutar.
To, menene gaskiyar? Shin akwai wani nazari don tallafa wa waɗannan da'awar, ko kuma amfani da marijuana a magance cutar HIV duk buzz kuma ba amfana?
Amfani da Marijuana na farko don HIV
Daga farkon shekarun 1980 zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990s, cutar ta HIV ta kasance babbar mahimmanci ga mutuwa da rashin lafiya a Amurka. Sabbin kwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar HIV ba su da wani abu ba kawai ga rashin cin nasara ba , amma sau da yawa sun zo tare da mummunar tasiri.
Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke fama da cutar sun kamu da mummunar cututtuka da ba mu gani ba akai-akai a kwanakin nan, ciki har da sarcoma na Kaposi (cututtukan fata), cututtuka na AIDS , da kuma ciwo da cutar HIV.
Gaskiya ne, wannan yanayin ƙarshe wanda ya fara tallafi don amfani da marijuana. Doctors, wanda a wancan lokacin sun sami 'yan zaɓuɓɓuka don magani, sunyi tunanin cewa abincin da ake da su na marijuana na iya amfani da wadanda ke fama da asarar hasara mai zurfi saboda sakamakon wannan yanayin.
Tun da dokoki a lokaci sun haramta yin amfani da marijuana a cikin asibitoci, likitoci sun fara rubuta rubutun magani na Marinol (dronabinol) , wanda ya ƙunshi siffar roba na tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), mai aiki na cannabis.
Duk da yake Marinol ya ci nasara wajen rage yawancin cututtuka da cutar ta HIV, mutane da yawa har yanzu sun fi son "kullun nan" da aka samo daga cigaba uku zuwa hudu na cigaba marijuana.
Binciken Binciken Marijuana a Yin maganin cutar HIV
Duk da yake goyon baya ga marijuana a maganin cutar ta HIV yana da ƙarfi, yawancin bincike na goyon baya har yanzu yana iyakancewa. Wannan shi ne saboda, a wani ɓangare mai yawa, zuwa ga gaskiyar cewa dokokin da ake amfani da amfani da marijuana sun shawo kan binciken kimiyya mai tsanani.
Ya bambanta, binciken da ya dace da amfani da Marinol an tabbatar da shi sosai. Dukkanin binciken bincike na dogon lokaci da kuma dogon lokaci sun kammala cewa Marinol na iya kara yawan ci abinci da kuma karfafa nauyi tare da mutanen da ke fama da ciwon zuciya, yayin da suke samun karuwar kashi daya bisa dari a cikin ƙwayar tsoka.
Ya bambanta, akwai ƙananan bayanai da ke tabbatar da ingancin marijuana kyauta don cimma wannan sakamako. Yawancin bincike, a gaskiya, yana nuna cewa Marinol ya fi tasiri a cimma nasara. Duk da haka, mutane sun fi son taba shan marijuana don amfanin da ake amfani dashi, daga gaggawa ta haifar da matsalolin danniya-ƙididdige dukiya.
Bugu da ƙari, magunguna irin su Megace (megestrol acetate) sun kasance sun fi tasiri wajen samar da karfin kwarewa fiye da Marinol (ko da yake kwarewar riba ta kasance saboda ƙãra jiki ne maimakon ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar tsoka). Daga cikin kwayoyi guda uku, babu wani abu da zai iya yin tasiri a kan cachexia , wanda ke dauke da ƙwayar kwayar cutar da ke cikin haɗari.
Yau, mafi yawan hanyoyin zuwa farfadowa sun haɗu da haɗuwa da ciwon daji da magungunan anabolic (irin su testosterone da hormone girma na mutum) don magance mummunan rauni. A karshen wannan, marijuana na iya ba da amfanci fiye da gagarumar riba da kuma ciwo da ci. Ta hanyar kara fahimtar lafiyar mutum, akwai tabbacin cewa marijuana na likita zai iya bunkasa haɗin kai ga cutar HIV .
A gaskiya ma, wani binciken da aka buga a cikin Journal of Accepted Syndromes ya ƙaddara cewa mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan cututtuka masu tsanani sun kasance sau uku da sau 3 da suka dace da maganin kwayar cutar HIV idan an kara da su tare da taba marijuana.
Marijuana a kawar da cutar shan-jijiyar cutar HIV
Bugu da ƙari, da abincin da ke cike da ci, an yi amfani da marijuana sau da yawa don sauke yanayin jinƙin ciwon daji mai suna neuropathy , abin da ya fi dacewa da alaka da kwayoyin cutar HIV.
Kwararrun neuropathy yana faruwa a yayin da ɗayan bayanta ya rufe kwayar jikinsu da aka cire. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, abubuwan da ke fama da ciwon kwalliya zai iya haifar da jin dadin jiki da zazzaɓin da zai iya ci gaba da ɓarna mai tsanani. A wasu lokuta, neuropathy yana da girma sosai don yin tafiya ko ma nauyin kayan gado a ƙafafunsa ba zai yiwu ba.
Wasu ƙungiyoyin bincike sunyi nazarin abubuwan da ke fama da cutar marijuana a cikin zalunta wannan yanayin sau da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan nazarin, wanda aka gudanar a asibitin Clinical Research Clinic a San Francisco General Hospital, ya ƙaddamar da sakamakon shan taba da aka yi wa taba a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta jiki ba tare da wani wuri mai amfani da marijuana na THC ba.
Bisa ga binciken, shan marijuana ya rage yawan ciwon yau da kullum da kashi 34 cikin dari, sau biyu da lambar da aka gani a cikin wuribo. Bugu da ƙari, kashi 52 cikin 100 na waɗanda suka sha taba marijuana sun fi karfin kashi 30 cikin raunin zafi, idan aka kwatanta da kashi 24 cikin 100 kawai a cikin sashin placebo.
Mai binciken ya tabbatar da cewa amfani da marijuana kyafaffen ya kasance kamar kamfanonin da ake amfani da su a yau da kullum don magance kwayoyin cutar HIV.
Shin Marijuana zai iya Ci gaba da Ciwon Cutar HIV?
Duk da yake akwai bincike mai yawa don tallafawa amfani da marijuana a cikin magance wasu nau'in hade da cutar HIV, akwai shawarwari masu kyau da cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi na iya, a gaskiya, ci gaba da ci gaba da ciwo .
Wani binciken da aka gudanar a jami'ar Jihar Louisiana ya nuna cewa maganin THC na yau da kullum ya haɗu da ƙananan ayyukan maganin bidiyo da kuma ci gaba da rayuwa a cikin birai da ke ɗauke da SIV (simian irin HIV). Bugu da ƙari, birai sun sami raguwa mai ban mamaki a cikin CD4 + T-cell , kazalika da rashin asarar nauyi lokacin da aka kwatanta da takwarorin da ba THC.
Bisa ga binciken, lokacin da ya yi tsawon watanni 17, THC ya bayyana ya rage yawan lalacewa ga nau'in rigakafi na ƙwayar cuta, cibiyar farko na cutar HIV. Ta hanyar yin haka (kuma a fili a matakin jinsi), ci gaba na ciwo ya ragu ƙwarai da gaske kuma mai kiyaye lafiyayyar lafiya.
Yayinda yake ba cikakke yadda yakamata THC ta tasiri waɗannan canje-canje, an yi imani da cewa ƙarfin CR2 (mai karɓa na cannabinoid wanda ya danganci amsawa mai mahimmanci) zai iya ɓoye ɗayan manyan manyan masu karɓar magungunan HIV.
Idan gaskiya ne, wannan zai iya sa hanya zuwa hanyar dabarun lafiya wadda CR2 za ta iya motsawa don inganta aikin da ba a rigakafi ba kuma jinkirin cutar kanta. Abin da ba ya nuna shi ne cewa marijuana, ko kyafaffi ko ɗauka ta hanyar magana, zai iya samun wani amfani wajen magance cutar kanta ta HIV.
Hanyoyin Cutar Marijuana na Kyau
Maganar likitancin likita tana cike da rikice-rikicen da ake zargi da siyasa. Duk da yake, a gefe guda, akwai ƙididdiga masu yawa na alamun amfani don amfani da likita, akwai wasu sakamakon da aka rubuta da kyau wanda zai iya rushe wadannan amfanin.
A matsayin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, THC yana aiki akan wasu kwayoyin masu karɓar kwakwalwar kwakwalwa wanda ke da tasiri a ci gaba da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wannan wasan kwaikwayo, THC ta ƙaddamar da waɗannan kwayoyin, samar da "high" da masu amfani ke nema. A cikin matasan, wannan matakin ƙwarewa mai yawa zai iya tasiri tasiri mai zurfi a kan dogon lokaci, yana nunawa tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da rage ƙwarewar ilmantarwa. (Haka kuma ba ya zama gaskiya ga manya da ke shan taba ba.)
Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da marijuana mai ma'ana yana da nasaba da nau'i na jiki da halayen jiki, ciki har da:
- Matsalar tashin hankali, kamar wadanda aka gani a taba shan taba
- Ƙara yawan zuciya, matsala ga wadanda ke fama da cututtukan zuciya
- Matsaloli na ci gaba na tayi a lokacin daukar ciki
- Ragewar bayyanar cututtuka da ke tattare da rashin lafiya ta jiki, ciki har da schizophrenia
- Cigaba da jinkirin lokaci mai amsawa, kusan maimaita hadarin mota mota mota
- Rashin rashin haihuwa na namiji saboda rage yawan ƙwayar mahaifa
Duk da yake mummunar tasirin ƙananan ƙananan lalacewa, kayan wasan kwaikwayo na cannabis yana da ƙananan hali, suna iya zama mai tsanani a cikin mutane masu rauni. Wadannan cututtuka sune yawancin kashi-dogara kuma zasu iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.
Sabanin yarda da juna, marijuana zai iya zama nishaɗi. Jiyya ga wannan jaraba yana da ƙarfin farko ga hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Babu magunguna a halin yanzu suna kula da maganin cannabis.
Dokar Mawallafi ta Dokokin Dokoki ta Jihar
Tsarin shari'a da ke kewaye da marijuana yana da sauri. Yau, fiye da rabin jihohi na Amurka suna ba da izini don cikakkun shirye-shiryen warkaswa na wuka da kuma cannabis.
Duk da yake gwamnatin tarayya ta kebe nauyin marijuana a matsayin jima'i na I likita (watau samun ci gaba mai ƙarfi da rashin amincewa da aikin likita), ƙaddamar da bin doka ya sami karfin zuciya, tare da wasu jihohin da ke ba da damar sayar dasu ga manya. Ka'idoji a waɗannan jihohi sun bambanta amma suna samar da kariya daga aiki na laifi idan an yi amfani da marijuana don dalilai na kiwon lafiya. Ana kuma yarda da kayan lambu a wasu jihohi.
Tun daga shekara ta 2016, jihohi takwas na Amurka (Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, Washington) sun halatta marijuana don likita da kuma wasanni.
Duk da wadannan canje-canje na majalisa, a matsayin jima'i na I likita, marijuana ya ci gaba da haramtacciyar doka daga fannin Tarayya. Saboda haka, asibiti na kiwon lafiya ba zai iya rufe shi ba ko kuma likita ba zai iya ba da shi ba, wanda ke haddasa aikin shari'a har ma a jihohi inda likitancin likita yake da doka.
> Sources:
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