Hanyar da ta dace ga maza da mata tare da HIV
Raunin Testosterone sau da yawa ana gani a cikin maza da mata tare da HIV . Endocrine abnormalities, wanda zai iya shafar cutar da testosterone, an dade da aka gane a matsayin kwayar cutar HIV tun lokacin da farkon kwanaki na cutar AIDS (ko da yake ya kasance kullum hade da cutar marigayi).
Duk da haka, bincike na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa kusan mutum daya daga cikin biyar maza da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV sun rubuta ladaran testosterone, ba tare da la'akari da adadin CD4 ba , nauyin hoto na hoto ko hoto .
Hakazalika, raunin testosterone yana cikin ɗaya daga cikin mata hudu masu kamuwa da cutar HIV, mafi yawancin lokuta a cikin mummunar hasara, rashin asarar rashin nauyi ( cutar ta HIV ).
Ayyukan Testosterone
Testosterone shine hormone steroid wadda ke tsakiya don ci gaba da gwajin (gwaji) da kuma karuwanci a cikin maza da kuma gabatar da halayen jima'i na maza biyu (misali, jingina ƙwayoyin tsoka, kashi kashi, girma gashi). Testosterone ma yana da muhimmanci ga mata wajen rike tsoka tsoka da kashi kashi, ko da yake a matakan kimanin 10% kasa da maza.
A cikin maza da mata, testosterone yana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar mutum da lafiyarsa duka, yana taimakawa ga ƙarfin mutum, matakan makamashi, da libido.
A bambanta, haɓakar testosterone yana hade da:
- Rashin haɗarin ƙwayar tsoka
- Anana
- Osteoporosis
- Harshen insulin
- Ƙãra lipids (mai da / ko cholesterol) a cikin jini
- Ƙara ƙwayar subcutaneous mai yawa a cikin ciki
Sanarwar Testosterone
Sanarwar Testosterone a cikin maza da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV tana da alaƙa da rashin ciwon daji wanda ake kira jigilar namiji wanda ake yin aikin namiji (gwaji), ya haifar da samar da jima'i na jima'i fiye da abin da za'a sa ran mutum.
A yawancin jama'a, ana san hypogonadism a cikin kimanin maza 25 a tsakanin shekarun 30 da 50, yawanci zuwa 14 a tsakanin shekaru 50 zuwa 79. Da bambanci, yanayin da ke tsakanin maza da cutar HIV kamar yadda sau biyar mafi girma.
Hypogonadism za a iya haifar da ko dai wani lahani a cikin gwajin kansu (na farko) ko kuma wani mummunan aiki a waje da gwaji (sakandare). A cikin manyan maza da ke dauke da cutar HIV:
- Harkokin hypogonadism na farko shine kimanin kashi 25 cikin dari. Ana iya haifar da lalacewa ga gwaji saboda kamuwa da cuta (ciki har da wasu cututtuka na hankalinsu ), ciwon daji na gwajin , ko ta hanyar cututtukan jiki zuwa gwajin (ko da yake lalacewar wani jigilar kwayoyin halitta ba dole ba ne ya dace da samar da kayan testosterone).
- Hypogonadism na biyu na asali ga wasu 75%, kuma mafi yawancin abin da ke da alaka da matsalolin neuroendocrine wanda ke tattare da hulɗar tsakanin tsarin mai juyayi da kuma endocrin tsarin. Kodayake akwai lokutta masu fama da kwayar cutar HIV da ke haifar da lalacewa ga glandar cutar, HIV kanta ba ta haifar da lalacewar. Maimakon haka, an lura da hypogonadism a gaban ciwon daji marasa lafiya, tare da ci gaba da kumburi da ƙananan asarar da aka gani don zama abubuwanda suke shiryawa.
Hakanan za'a iya haifar da hypogonadism ta mummunan yara ko kuma cin zarafi na steroids anabolic. Ba a nuna magungunan kwayar cutar HIV ba don taimaka wa hypogonadism.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na Harkokin Jima'i na Mutum
Hypogonadism a cikin balagagge maza yana da yanayin ƙananan kwayoyin testosterone (jini), da daya ko dama na bin alamun cututtuka:
- Muscle yana ɓata
- Rage makamashi da ƙarfin zuciya
- Rashin hankali, rashin tausayi, wahalar matsawa
- Ƙarawa daga nono nono (gynecomastia)
- Rage gashin fuska da jiki
- Ƙara ƙwayar mai ciki
- Rashin kashi na kashi (osteoporosis)
- Gwajin ƙwaƙwalwar gwaji
- Rashin kamuwa da jima'i (misali cin hanci da rashawa, raguwa mai raguwa, ƙananan libido, wahalar samun haɗari)
Gwaji da ganewar asali
An gane ganewar asali ta hanyar auna yawan adadin testosterone a cikin jini, wanda akwai nau'in subtypes daban-daban guda uku. Lokacin da aka gwada gwajin, sakamakon zai bayyana duka jimlar testosterone (dukan subtypes) da daya daga cikin subtypes guda uku da ake kira testosterone kyauta .
Free testosterone ne kawai nau'i na testosterone wanda ba'a gina jiki ba, ya bar shi shiga cikin kwayoyin kuma ya kunna masu karɓa wanda wasu subtypes ba zasu iya ba. Ana la'akari da ma'aunin ƙimar testosterone, duk da cewa kawai kashi 2-3% na yawan yawan jama'a. A kan kansa, yawancin testosterone an yi la'akari da ƙananan abubuwa saboda sakamakon zai iya bayyana al'ada idan sauran ɗakunan ba da kyauta ba sune girman.
Dole a yi gwajin gwadawa da sassafe tun lokacin da matakan zasu iya cigaba da zuwa kashi 20 cikin dari na rana. "Matakan" al'ada "kawai sune wadanda ke cikin jerin zangon lab. Wadannan jeri na iya bambanta, amma, don dalilai na hoto, suna cikin tsakanin
- 250-800 ng / dL ga duka testosterone, kuma
- 50-200 pg / ml for free testosterone.
Duk da haka, ana iya yin la'akari da "al'ada" ta lambobi kawai. Matakan Testosterone sukan sauke da kimanin 1-2% a kowace shekara bayan shekara 40. Saboda haka, abin da zai iya zama "al'ada" ga namiji mai shekaru 60 ba zai zama daidai ba ga dan shekaru 30. Ana buƙatar yin nazari akan kowane mutum tare da likitanka.
Jiyya da aka yarda
Idan an tabbatar da ganewar asali na hypogonadism, za'a iya nuna matakan maye gurbin testosterone. Anyi amfani da injections masu ƙwayar cutar ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin intramuscular, wanda ke ba da sakamako mai zurfi idan an yi amfani da allurai physiological kuma gyara ta hanyar likita. Yanayin FDA sun yarda da Depo-testosterone (testosterone cypionate) da Delatestryl (testosterone enanthate).
A matsakaici, an bayar da injections kowane mako biyu zuwa hudu. Don kaucewa sakamakon sakamakon matakan testosterone - wanda zai iya haifar da saurin haɗari a yanayin yanayi, makamashi, da aikin jima'i-ƙananan ƙwayoyin kuma jinkirta lokacin yin amfani dashi.
Hanyoyin magani na iya hada da:
- Acne da / ko fata fata
- Rashin gashi ko gashin gashi
- Ƙusar ƙafa, ƙafãfunsa ko jiki
- Abincin barcin
- Ci gaban ƙirjin nono (gynecomastia)
- Ruwan jini
- Ƙara ƙaddamar da prostate
Sanarwar maye gurbi na Testosterone na iya haifar da hanzari na ciwon ciwon gurguwar rigakafin rigakafi . Saboda haka, za a jarraba matakan antigen (specific antigen (prostate) musamman na prostate (PSA) da kuma kulawa a lokacin farfadowa.
Dukkanin sun ce, injections na intramuscular suna samar da wani zaɓi nagari don zalunta hypogonadism, tare da haɓaka da haɓakawa a hankali, jin daɗin rayuwa, libido, ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar muscle, da kuma ikon yin gyare-gyare. Abokan rashin amfani sun hada da ziyarar likita ta yau da kullum da kuma dosing administration.
Oral, transdermal, da kuma gel jami'in gel ma akwai, kuma zai iya zama daidai a wasu lokuta. Tattaunawa tare da likitan ku.
Hypogonadism a cikin HIV-Amintacce Mata
A cikin mata, ana haifar da testosterone a cikin ovaries da glanders. Kamar yadda yake tare da maza, yana da muhimmin hormone don rike tsoka tsoka da kashi kashi, da makamashi, karfi, da libido.
Duk da yake hypogonadism ba shi da yawa a cikin mata da ke dauke da cutar HIV, zai iya faruwa kuma ya fi sau da yawa a cikin mahallin cutar HIV da cutar ci gaba. Yin amfani da ART zai iya kawar da fashewa da kuma yanayin hypogonadal a lokuta da yawa.
A halin yanzu babu wata takaddama mai mahimmanci don kula da hypogonadism mata, kuma zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun iyakance. Hanya mai sauyawa (HRT) na iya zama dacewa ga wasu, yayin da ake amfani da testosterone na ɗan lokaci zai iya inganta jima'i, kwantar da hanzari, da matakan makamashi.
Duk da haka, bayanai basu da cikakke akan yin amfani da testosterone don magance hypogonadism a cikin mata masu auren mazaopausal da HIV. Yi magana da mai kula da lafiyar ku game da yiwuwar illa. Ba a ba da shawara ga Testosterone ga matan da suke da juna biyu ko kuma su yi ciki.
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