Hanyoyin yaduwa shine ma'auni na yadda za'a sauya oxygen da carbon dioxide (rarraba) a tsakanin huhu da jini.
Oxygen da carbon dioxide duka suna buƙatar wucewa ta hanyar bakin ciki a cikin huhu wanda ake kira membrane alveolar-capillary. Wannan shine Layer tsakanin kananan jakar iska a cikin huhu ( alveoli ) da kuma karamin jini wanda ke tafiya ta cikin huhu ( capillaries) ).
Yaya kyakkyawan oxygen da ke shafewa zai iya wuce (yadawa) daga alveoli cikin jini, da kuma yadda kyakkyawan carbon dioxide zai iya wucewa daga jinin jini zuwa cikin alveoli kuma za'a kwashe shi, ya dogara da yadda rufin wannan membrane yake, kuma nawa ne yanayin samuwa don canja wuri ya faru.
Mene Ne Ma'anar Ƙarfin Ƙasa Mai Raɗa?
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu wanda zai iya rage yawan iyawar watsawa.
- Hanyoyin watsawa zai iya zama low idan cutar kututtuka ba ta kasance wanda zai sa membrane ya zama mai girma, alal misali, a cikin cututtuka kamar na fibrosis da sarcoidosis .
- Hakan zai iya zama low idan akwai ƙasa da ƙasa da za'a iya canjawa wuri don canja wurin oxygen da carbon dioxide, misali, tare da emphysema ko kuma idan an cire huhu ko ɓangare na huhu don cutar ciwon huhu .
Yaya aka gwada Ƙarfin Ƙarƙwasa?
Ana gwada gwada gwagwarmayar watsawa tare da sauran gwaje-gwaje na gwaji .
A wannan gwajin, ana sanya mask din a fuskarka. A lokacin jarabawar, za ku ɗauki numfashin gas mai zurfi, rike numfashin ku, sannan kuma za a auna iska da kuke exhale.
Gas din da kake numfashi a ciki zai hada da carbon monoxide da gas mai tracer irin su helium. Lura, cewa an shafe su a cikin ƙananan yawa kuma wannan ba gwaji mai haɗari ba ne.
Lokacin da aka kawar da iskar gas, likitoci zasu iya ƙayyade yawan carbon dioxide da helium suka yada a fadin alveoli cikin capillaries, ta hanyar gano bambanci tsakanin abin da aka shafewa da abin da aka fitar.
Wannan jarrabawar ana kiran shi DLCO-wanda ke tsaye don rarrabawa a cikin mahaɗin carbon monoxide.
Dalili na Ƙarfin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa
Akwai yanayi da yawa wanda zai iya haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar haɓaka. Kwayoyin cututtuka masu ƙwayar cuta kamar su fibrosis na yawancin sau da yawa sukan rage karfin hali na rarraba (DLCO) saboda tayarwa da katako daga yankin tsakanin alveoli da capillaries.
Sabanin haka, cututtukan cututtuka na ruguwa irin su emphysema na iya rage DLCO ta rage yankin da za a iya musayar gas. Kuna iya ƙarin koyo game da cututtukan cututtuka na hanzari da ƙyama a nan .
Hanyoyin da ba a danganta da kai tsaye ga aikin sutura zai iya haifar da ragowar yankin da ke tsakanin alveoli da capillaries. Alal misali, jinin jini a cikin wani maganin da ke cikin huhu ( gwanin tayi ) zai iya haifar da karamin monoxide wanda aka kawo a cikin alveoli wanda baza a iya canzawa zuwa ga murdarar da ke dauke da ingancin.
Cututtuka da ke haifar da rage DLCO sun hada da:
Harkokin cututtuka na ƙwayar cuta da ke haifar da thickening na alveolar-capillary membrane
- Fashin fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis
Rashin cututtuka da cututtuka na huhu da kuma cututtuka da ke haifar da ƙasa mai tsafta a cikin huhu
- Emphysema
- Asthma
- Ciwon daji na huhu
- Yin tiyata
Sauran yanayi wanda ya rage girman yanki na alveoli-capillary membrane
- Abolism na yaudara
- Rawan jini na jini
- Jirgin hauhawar jini na farko
Dalili na Karfin Girma
Kadan, DLCO na iya zama babba. Wannan na iya faruwa tare da fuka, ƙwayar polycythemia (wata cuta tare da haɓakar haɓakar haemoglobin), da kuma cututtuka da ke haifar da jini daga gefen hagu na zuciya zuwa gefen dama na zuciya.
Dalilai don Yin Gyara Tsutsa Tsuntsi
Akwai dalilai uku na farko da ya sa likitanku na iya umurni gwajin gwaji. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Bincike - Doctors na iya amfani da DLCO don tantance yanayin likita kamar emphysema,
- Kula da hankali - Diffarwar iyawa a iya kulawa domin sanin ko yanayin ya kara ƙaruwa, ko kuma idan an inganta shi tare da magani.
- Pre-m - Da ciwon huhu tare da ciwon huhu , yaduwar tasirin ya zama gwaji mai muhimmanci ga mutanen da ke yin la'akari da tiyata da cutar ta huhu saboda yana iya taimaka wa likitoci su ƙayyade (tare da sauran dalilai) yadda mutum zai jure wa tiyata.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiya ta kasa. Medline Plus. Lung Diffusion Testing. Updated 11/19/15. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003854.htm
> McCormack, M. Diffusing iya aiki na carbon monoxide. Na zamani. Updated 02/10/16. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/diffusing-capacity-for-carbon-monoxide