Binciken bincike ya samo haske a kan menopause bayyanar cututtuka
Shekaru da yawa, masana sun lura cewa alamu mai zafi da cututtuka na iya haifar da juna a yayin aiwatar da menopause. Duk da haka, an yi iyakacin binciken bincike na kwakwalwa, walƙiya, da mazauna tare. Bugu da ƙari, bangarori na wannan bangare na binciken suna ci gaba da rikici.
Ƙarin haske ya zubar a kan hanyar haɗi tsakanin magungunan cututtuka da mazauni , da kuma dangantaka tsakanin cututtuka masu tasowa da walƙiya .
Menopause An Bayyana
Bisa ga sakamakon sakamakon kididdigar shekara ta 2010, kimanin 'yan mata miliyan 41 da miliyan 151 na Amirka suka kai shekaru 55 ko fiye. Yawancin matan nan dai suna da ko kuma sun fara kaiwa mazauni. Bugu da ƙari kuma, saboda jinin rai ya karu a cikin shekarun da suka wuce - tare da sanannun ban da 2015 -women za su iya tsammanin za su kasance da jin kunyar kashi daya bisa uku na rayuwarsu bayan mazauni.
Abin sha'awa shine, ko da yake yawan rai ya karu, lokacin da mazaunin farawa ya fara sauya kadan. Matsakaicin shekarun da ake yi a mazauni a Amurka shine 51.
Abubuwan da ke faruwa game da sauye-sauyen yanayi da na hormonal da ke biye da menopause sun zama mafi dacewa da kowace shekara. Mata da aka haifa a lokacin yarinyar bayan yakin duniya na biyu suna neman magani ga mazaunawa da sauran yanayi. Bugu da ƙari kuma, yawancin matan suna cikin ma'aikata, suna yin tsari na musamman na yanayin zamantakewa.
Tsarin gwargwadon shine lokaci na tsarin tsufa lokacin da mace take karuwa daga haihuwa zuwa matsayi mara kyau. Ga yanayin yanayin climacteric:
- Tsinkayar dashi shine maye gurbin mazaopausal na jima'i a yayin da mace zata iya tsammanin lokacinta ya zama wanda bai dace ba. A lokacin da ake yi wa mutum rai, gunaguni ko bayyanar cututtuka na mazaunawa zai iya fara bayyanawa, irin su zafi mai zafi.
- Menopause yana nufin lokaci na ƙarshe.
- Postmenopause yana nufin rayuwa bayan mazaune.
A nan akwai wasu yanayin yanayin asibiti da ke hade da jimlar:
Hutun daji da Hotuna
Daga tsakanin 60 zuwa 80 bisa dari na mata masu saukowa ta hanyar menopause suna shawagi da dare da zafi (wanda ake kira flushes ko furotin ). Daren dare yasa sha'ani na gumi da kwatsam. A wa] annan matan da ke fama da zafi, kashi 82 cikin dari na da walƙiya wanda ya wuce fiye da shekara daya, kuma daga tsakanin 25 zuwa 50 bisa dari suna jin dadin su fiye da shekaru biyar.
Kodayake an yi amfani da hormones don taka muhimmiyar rawa, hanyar da ake haɗawa da mazauni da kuma hasken wuta ba ta kara girma ba. Musamman ma, matan da ke da matakan FSH da ƙananan levels na wattradiol suna da damar samun haske. Bugu da ƙari kuma, waɗanda suke shan hayaki ko kuma suna da halayen BMI masu mahimmanci kuma suna fuskantar haɗari na fuskantar mummunan haske. Abin sha'awa, bincike ya nuna cewa matan baƙi suna samun karin haske fiye da yadda matan fari suke; Duk da haka, matan Japan da na kasar Sin sun bada rahotanni kadan fiye da yadda matan farin suke.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis shine yanayin kwarangwal wanda kasusuwa kashi ya yadu, kuma kasusuwa sun zama mafi sassauci kuma suna iya rarrabawa.
Game da mazaunin mata, wannan asarar a kashi kashi kashi na biyu zuwa canje-canje a matakan hormon. Ana iya amfani da wasu kwayoyi don hanawa da maganin osteoporosis, ciki har da bisphosphonates, calcitonin, da raloxifene. Bugu da ƙari, maganin magunguna, ciyayi na aljihun, maye gurbin bitamin D, shan taba, da motsa jiki mai nauyi zai taimaka.
Abun Atrophy
Abun daji na ciwo yana nufin lalacewa, kumburi, da kuma bushewa na ganuwar bango. Maganin ƙwayar cuta, konewa, fitarwa, gunaguni na urinary, da zafi lokacin jima'i zai iya faruwa. Da farko dai, ganuwar bango sun bayyana ja saboda rushewar ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini da ake kira capillaries.
Tare da hasara mai yawa, murfin bango ya zama mai santsi, mai haske, kuma kodadde. Abun daji na ciwo yana faruwa a karo na biyu zuwa ragu a cikin matakan estrogen. Za a iya maganin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mai laushi tare da lubricants ko estrogens na saman, wanda ake amfani da fata a cikin nau'in creams, zobba, ko allunan.
Yin jima'i
Yin aiki na jima'i zai iya zama suboptimal saboda rage libido , canjin hormone, da kuma imani da zamantakewa. Abun ciwon yarinya yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan jima'i. An binciko maganin gaggawa a matsayin yiwuwar magani don rage yawan jima'i.
Mutuwar wuya
Daga tsakanin kashi 30 zuwa 60 cikin dari na mata masu yawa suna fama da damuwa barci. Musamman, waɗannan mata suna da matsala da fadawa da barci. Kodayake shekaru yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin waɗannan barci, damuwa na hormonal, walƙiya, damuwa, da kuma cututtukan cututtuka suna danganta da wahalar barci.
Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
Bincike ya nuna cewa kashi 62 cikin dari na mata masu yawa suna fama da matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a yayin juyawa mazaje. Wadannan matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa sun haɗa da rikitaccen lambobi da kalmomi da mantawa. Rashin hankali a cikin estrogène suna da tsinkaye don taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wadannan matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar.
Cututtuka masu cututtuka da kuma cututtuka Menopause
Ko menopause yana aiki a matsayin wani abu mai hadari don rashin ciki yana da rikici. Mafi yawancin mata ba su fuskanci bayyanar cututtuka mai tsanani. Yayin da ake aiwatar da mazauni, tsakanin kashi 20 zuwa 30 cikin dari na 'yan mata mata suna fama da ciwon zuciya na farko ko lokuta na ciki. Rashin ciwon ciki ya fi girma a lokacin da ake yi wa mata da kuma mazauna mata fiye da yadda ya kamata.
Rashin bayyanar cututtuka sun haɗa da wadannan:
- gajiya
- baƙin ciki
- laifi
- asarar ci
- asarar barci
- matsaloli tare da maida hankali
- agitation
- asarar sha'awa
- tunani na kashe kansa
A cikin binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2014 da aka buga a JAMA Psychiatry , Freeman da abokan aiki sunyi nazari kan mata 203 na rashin lafiyar cututtuka a lokacin shekaru 14 da ke kewaye da menopause (watau lokacin ƙarshe). Wadannan matan sun kasance masu tsauraran matakai kuma suka kai mazaune. Sun kuma dubi canje-canje a cikin matakan hormone kamar yadda masanan basu gani ba saboda mummunan ciki a lokacin jarida da kuma tarihin ciki na baya.
Ga wasu binciken masu bincike:
- A cikin mata da tarihin bakin ciki, haɗarin fuskantar ciwon cututtuka yana da sau 8 mafi girma bayan matafiyu da sau 13 mafi girma fiye da na mata ba tare da tarihin bakin ciki ba.
- Tare da dangantaka da mazaunawa kanta, hadarin cututtuka na ciki ya fi girma a cikin shekarun da suka wuce kafin suyi aiki tare da ragewa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata bayan menopause. Musamman, haɗarin bayyanar cututtuka na shekaru 10 kafin zuwa shekaru 8 bayan da mazauna su kai kashi 15 cikin dari a kowace shekara.
- A cikin matan da suka fara shawo kan cututtuka game da menopause, cututtuka masu tayar da hankali sun ragu a lokacin 'yan jarida, kuma sun ragu sosai a cikin shekara ta biyu.
- A cikin matan da ba su da tarihin ciwon zuciya na baya, haɗarin cututtukan cututtuka ba su da shekaru 2 ko fiye bayan mazauna.
- Ragewa a cikin cututtukan cututtuka suna nuna halayen hormonal.
A cewar masu bincike, a nan akwai wasu abubuwan da suka dace akan wannan binciken:
Binciken likita na cututtuka na ciki yana buƙatar don bada magani idan bayyanar cututtukan suna dasu da kuma nazarin tasirin damuwa kan wasu cututtuka masu tsanani, irin su cututtukan zuciya, ciwon zuciya, da osteoporosis. Mata da tarihin damuwa na iya amfani da su daga antidepressant ko psychotherapy dace da rashin lafiya kullum. Duk da haka, matan da ba tare da tarihin damuwa ba suna da wata mummunar cututtuka a bayan shekara ta biyu kuma su sami amfana daga maganin hormone ko gajeren lokaci tare da antidepressants wanda ya nuna inganci ga menopausal bayyanar cututtuka.
Hotuna masu zafi da kuma cututtukan cututtuka
Yawancin karatun da suka tantance hanyar haɗi tsakanin mummunan haske da kuma cututtukan cututtuka sun ɓace a wasu hanyoyi.
Na farko, ana iya tsammanin tabbacin gwajin, tare da masu bincike ba su yin amfani da matakai masu dacewa don nazarin hotuna mai zafi. Na biyu, masu nazarin sun dubi kowane nau'i na walƙiya mai zafi maimakon mummunan fushi. Hakazalika, masu bincike sunyi matsala wajen bincikar cututtuka na rashin lafiya. Na uku, yawan mahalarta a cikin nazarin nazarin hanyar haɗi tsakanin walƙiya mai zafi da mazauni sun kasance ƙasa, kuma kana buƙatar yawancin samfurin samfurin a hanyar da ta dace don nuna wakilcin al'ummar da kake gwaji.
A cikin watan Maris na 2017 da aka buga a Journal of Women's Health , Worsley da abokan aiki sun tayar da wadannan matsala ta hanyar nazarin mata 2,020 matan Australia a tsakanin 40 zuwa 65. Masu binciken sunyi amfani da tambayoyin masu aiki da kuma wakilci don tantance masu halartar hotuna masu zafi, matsananciyar matsanancin matsanancin zuciya, cigaba amfani, yin amfani da giya, da magunguna.
Bayan daidaitawa ga yawancin canji, ciki har da shekaru, aiki, da kuma BMI, masu bincike sun gano cewa idan aka kwatanta da mata ba tare da wani mummunan zafi ba, matan da ke da matsananciyar fuska mai tsanani suna iya zama tsaka-tsaka ga mawuyacin bayyanar cututtuka, ma.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, matan da ke da matsananciyar cututtuka sun fi dacewa su dauki magunguna, shan taba, da kuma shan giya.
Babban ƙarfin wannan binciken shi ne cewa ya tantance mahalarta wadanda suka wakilci al'ummar Australia. Musamman ma, masu halartar wannan binciken sun kasance kamar mutanen da aka yi la'akari a cikin ƙididdigar Australiya ta 2011 game da kabilanci, ilimi, matsayin abokin tarayya, da kuma aiki. Ɗaya daga cikin iyakancewar wannan binciken shi ne cewa yayi amfani da matakan da aka ruwaito (tambayoyin).
A cewar masu bincike, ga wasu abubuwan da suka shafi wannan binciken:
Ta hanyar nuna ƙungiya tsakanin matsananciyar cututtukan VMS da matsanancin cututtuka, wannan nazari yana kara ƙaddamarwa ga ra'ayi na ilimin ilimin lissafi tsakanin VMS da ciki. Bugu da ƙari wajen inganta VMS, ciwon estrogen zai iya inganta yanayin a farkon mazaune.
A wasu kalmomi, dangane da sakamakon binciken su, masu bincike sunyi zaton cewa ƙananan zafi da ɓacin rai na iya zama irin wannan, kuma wannan maganin hormone na iya tayar da alamar cututtuka a cikin waɗanda ke fama da mazauna mata da wuri.
> Sources:
> Bromberger, JT, et al. Maturan cututtuka a ciki lokacin juyin juya halin Menopausal. J Cutar Dama. 2007; 103 (1-3): 267-272.
> Freeman, EW, et al. Tsaya mai tsawo na cututtukan cututtuka na cututtuka Around Natural Menopause. JAMA Psychiatry . 2014; 71 (1); 36-43.
> Karvonen-Gutierrez C, Harlow SD. Menopause da Midlife Health Modifications. A: Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Studenski S, High KP, Asthana S, Supiano MA, Ritchie C. eds. Cibiyar Geriatric ta Hazzard da Gerontology, 7th New York, NY: McGraw-Hill;
> Manson JE, Bassuk SS. Menopause da Postmenopausal Hormone Far. A: Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Ka'idodin Magunguna na Harrison, 19th New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014.
> Nathan L. Babi na 59. Menopause & Postmenopause. A: DeCherney AH, Nathan L, Laufer N, Roman AS. eds. CURRENT Sakamakon ganewa & jiyya: Ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta & Gynecology, 11th New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.
> Worsley, R, et al. Labarai na Lafiya ta Mata. Maris 6, 2017. Epub kafin bugawa.