Abin da Kayan jikinku ya nuna game da shekarun ku
Shin kodanku, zuciya ko ko da ƙirjin ku na tsufa fiye da sauran jikinku? Wasu bincike sun nuna cewa ba duk ɓangarorin jikin sun kasance daidai ba . Binciken - idan har ya ci gaba da bayar da ƙaddaraccen nauyin yadda kyakkewar azumin ya tsufa - zai iya taimakawa ga masana kimiyya su rage ko kuma su juya tsarin tsufa.
Mai kula da lokaci a cikin salula
Wani labarin da aka wallafa a cikin fitowar ta 2013 na Genome Biology ya bayyana yadda za'a iya amfani da tsarin sinadarin halitta wanda ke faruwa a cikin tantanin halitta a matsayin mai kula da lokaci ko ma'auni na yadda sauri wannan tantanin tsufa ya tsufa.
Wannan tsari, wanda aka sani da suna amethylation, ya canza DNA - ginshiƙan kwayoyin halitta na kwayoyin halitta - a cikin tsarin da ke hade da ci gaba.
Binciken da aka yi a Jami'ar California a Los Angeles (UCLA) ya yi amfani da samfurori daga samfurori 34 na ma'aurata guda biyu don nuna wacce shafukan DNA suka danganci amethylation wanda ya dogara ga shekarun su. Masana kimiyya sun gwada yawan miyallation a cikin mafi yawan jama'a kuma sun iya nuna yawan shekarun shekarun kowane shekara a cikin shekaru biyar, ta hanyar amfani da sallar mutum kawai .
Steve Horvath, masanin ilimin halittar mutum na UCLA da kuma farfesa na biostatistics, ya ci gaba da gudanar da wannan bincike kuma yayi nazarin fiye da mutane 8,000 da samfurori da wasu masana kimiyya suka bayar. An samo samfurin ɗan adam tun kafin haihuwa har zuwa shekara 101, a cikin fiye da nau'i-nau'in nau'in takalma da kwayoyin halitta daga sassa daban daban na jiki, ciki har da hanta, koda, kwakwalwa, huhu, da zuciya. Hakanan DNeth ne ya haifar da wani ma'auni na yadda hanzarin nauyin yaduwa ya tsufa.
Horvath da abokan aiki sunyi amfani da ma'auni don tantance yawan tsufa a cikin samfurori daban-daban na ciwon daji 6,000, wakiltar nau'in cutar 20.
Sassan daban daban na Jiki A Tsarin Sakamakance
{Ungiyar Horvath ta gano cewa, yawancin shekarun da suke da ita, a kyawawan abubuwa, daidai yake; a sakamakon haka, yawan shekarunsu , watau yadda suke aiki, ya dace da tarihin tarihin su , watau yawan shekarun da suka wakilci a kan kalandar.
Abincin nono, duk da haka, ya kasance banda. Nauyin nono yana da saurin karuwanci kuma yana haifar da shekaru biyu zuwa uku wanda ya fi ƙarfin jikin mace. Wannan yana iya bayyana dalilin da yasa cutar ciwon nono shine mafi yawan al'ada na ciwon daji a cikin mata tun da shekaru yana da haɗari kuma yawancin tsufa na iya zama mai saukin kamuwa da ciwon daji.
A cikin matan da suka rigaya suna fama da ciwon nono, an kara yawancin tsufa. Gwajin gwajin da ke kusa da ciwon ciwon daji na nono, masu bincike sun gano cewa kimanin shekaru 12 sun fi tsohuwar jiki.
Yaya Kwayoyin Cizon Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙari Ga Ciwon Daji?
An gano nama mai laushi ya zama mafi tsufa fiye da abin da ke da lafiya wanda ya samu a wasu wurare a jiki. Kungiyar bincike sunyi nazarin ciwon daji fiye da 20 kuma sun sami alamun da suka dace na tsufa a cikin samfurori marasa lafiya. A gaskiya ma, nama mai lalacewa yana da shekaru 36 da haihuwa fiye da sauran jikin.
Wannan yana da muhimmiyar tambaya: Shin kwayoyin da suke tsufa sun fi sauri a kan ciwon daji ko kuma suna ciwon kwayar cutar da sauri fiye da sauri? Horvath ya bayyana cewa duka waɗannan abubuwa na gaskiya ne. Alal misali, a mafi yawan cututtukan ciwon daji, nau'in da ke kusa yana kama da matasa, ko kuma akalla shekarun mutanen da samfurori suka fito daga, wanda ke nuna ciwon daji da kanta kwayoyin halitta.
Gaskiyar cewa ko da lafiyayyen jikin nono yana nuna tsofaffi bisa ga yawan nau'in methylation idan aka kwatanta da sauran jikin mace yana nuna cewa dabbar da ta tsufa zai iya zama mai saukin kamuwa da ciwon daji.
"Za a buƙaci ƙarin nazarin don gwada wannan tsinkaya," in ji Horvath. "Muna so mu gwada shekarun lafiya, wanda ba za a iya samun ciwon nono ba." Bugu da ƙari, za mu so mu gwada ko gaggawar hanzari a cikin ƙirjin nono shine tsinkayen ciwon daji a wani lokaci. "
Ƙarin gwajin kwayar cutar nono a lokuta daban-daban a cikin rayuwar mace - tsufa, bayan haihuwa, bayan haihuwa da kuma bayan mazauni - zai taimaka wajen gano ko jikin ƙirjin da yake tsufa da sauri shine, a gaskiya, zai iya ci gaba da ciwon daji.
Idan haka ne, gwada gwagwarmayar methylation a cikin ƙirji zai iya zama wata rana a matsayin mace damar samun wannan mummunan barazana.
Telomeres
Telomeres ya ba da wata hanya ta auna yawan tsufa. Telomeres ƙananan sassa ne waɗanda ke motsa kwayoyin halitta a cikin tantanin halitta yayin da tantanin halitta ke shirye su raba. A duk lokacin da ragowar kwayoyin halitta ke faruwa, telomeres rage dan kadan; da zarar sun yi guntu, tantanin halitta ba zai iya rarraba ba, wanda ya haifar da mutuwa ta jiki.
Akwai bincike don fara nazarin tsawon lokacin telomere a matsayin nau'i na ainihin hangen nesan yadda yaduwar kwayoyin jikinka ke tsufa. Bugu da ƙari, masana kimiyya suna binciken ko kiyaye telomeres ya fi tsayi zai iya kasancewa cikin kwayoyin halitta da rarraba yadda ya kamata.
Sources:
Methylation. Cibiyar Ƙwayar Ciwon Siyasa ta Amurka ta Magana game da maganin maganin ciwo. Samun shiga Oktoba 25, 2013.
http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary?cdrid=655031
Steve Horvath. "Halittar halittar DNA ta tsawon shekarun halittar mutum da nau'in tantanin halitta." Kwayoyin Halitta na Halitta 2013, 14: R115.
http://genomebiology.com/2013/14/10/R115
Sven Bocklandt, Wen Lin, Mary E. Sehl, Francisco J. Sanchez, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Steve Horvath, da kuma Eric Vilain. "Tsarin Halitta na Age." SAN KASHI 6 (6): e14821.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0014821