Kwayoyin tausin jiki suna cikin ƙananan kayan da ake kira myelin. Myelin yana taimakawa ga kayan lantarki tafiya tare da jijiyoyi. Magungun kwayar cutar (MS) wani cuta ne wanda ke haifar da kwayar cutar a cikin jiki wanda ya sa marasa lafiya da MS su fuskanci damuwa na gani, rashin ƙarfi na tsoka, matsalolin da ke ciki, da sauransu.
Kamar yawan cututtuka, an yi imanin cewa kwayoyin muhalli da kwayoyin cutar MS suna rinjayar su.
A cikin watan Disamban 2017 an sake nazari akan "Rigasar shan magani da kuma hadarin sclerosis," Yong da mawallafin marubuta sunyi nazarin ko kwayoyin maganin kwayoyi-wata hanyar muhalli-na iya rinjayar hadarin MS. A cikin wannan binciken, masu bincike sun gano 13 nazarin karatu mai zurfi don bincike. Wadannan nazarin binciken 13 sunyi nazari bakwai. Bari mu dubi tasirin kowanne ɗayan magunguna a MS.
Amiloride
Amiloride (Midamor) mai amfani ne da ke kula da potassium wanda yayi amfani da cutar hawan jini ko cutar hawan jini. Musamman, Midamor inhibits tasirin ion-sensing 1 (ASIC-1). A cikin samfurori na dabba na MS, ASIC-1 yana da tsabta, yana ma'ana akwai karuwa a cikin salon ASIC-1. Wannan karuwar salula ya samo a cikin yankuna na tsakiya wanda aka lalace (watau, plaques). A cikin waɗannan dabbobi, hanawa na ASIC-1 an nuna don rage neurodengeneration, wani tsari da ke haɗaka da nakasa rashin lafiya a marasa lafiya tare da MS.
Ko da yake yana da tasiri a rage ragewar dabbobi, Yong da abokan aiki sun gano cewa babu wata dangantaka tsakanin Midamor da yawancin MS a cikin samfurin Danish. (Denmark ta ba da rijista masu yawa na yawan jama'a, suna mai sauƙin yin nazari kan yawan jama'a kan nazarin lafiyar jama'a). Akan haka, wannan samfurin Danish ya ƙunshi mutanen da suka fara farawa MS, wanda masu bincike suka bayyana a matsayin MS wanda ya bunkasa a cikin shekaru 60 ko Kara.
Farfesa na MS kawai yana rinjayar kashi 5 cikin dari na mutane tare da MS; Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa waɗannan binciken ba su dace da yawancin MS ba. A wasu kalmomi, ba a sani ba ko Midamor ya shafi tasirin MS a cikin mutanen da ke da MS amma ba su da ƙarancin MS.
A wani bayanin da aka danganta, masu bincike basu sami tasirin thiazide diuretics ba, wanda kuma ana amfani da Midamor don magance cutar hawan jini, a kan MS.
Valproic Acid
Valproic acid (Valproic) wani magani ne wanda ke amfani da shi don magance epilepsy . "Valproic acid ya hana ilmin histone deacetylase wanda zai iya haifar da gyare-gyaren wasu sunadarai da aka sanya a cikin siginar salula da gyaran salula," rubuta Yong da co-marubuta. Duk da haka, bisa la'akari da bayanan Danish masu yawan bayanai, masu bincike basu sami wata dangantaka tsakanin lamarin Valproic da MS ba.
Masu hana TNF
Bisa ga Cibiyar Kwalejin Rheumatology ta Amurka, "masu maganin TNF sune irin maganin da ake amfani da su a dukan duniya don magance yanayin ƙananan cututtuka irin su arthritis na rheumatoid (RA), cututtukan cututtuka na psoriatic, ƙananan ƙwayar cutar ƙanƙara, ƙwayar cutar ciwon jini (Crohn's and ulcerative colitis), sparkylitis ankylosing, da psoriasis Sun rage ƙusarwa da kuma dakatar da ci gaba ta hanyar ci gaba da ci gaba da cutar ta hanyar amfani da abu mai ƙonewa mai suna Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF). "
Yong da mawallafin marubuta sun sake nazarin nazarin yawan mutanen Denmark don gano ko akwai wata ƙungiya tsakanin masu haramtawa TNF da MS. Dukkan nazarin da aka bincika sun kasance masu lura da su kuma suna da alamar bincike ko yawan samfurori da aka biyo bayan lokaci.
Yong da abokan aiki ba su sami wata dangantaka tsakanin jiyya da masu cin hanci da TNF ba saboda cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da kuma ci gaban MS. Musamman, kodayake akwai karuwa guda hudu a cikin hadarin MS wanda ke dauke da masu kwantar da cutar TNF don cutar cututtukan zuciya, wannan tashi bai bambanta da saurin hudu ba cewa mutane da ciwon ƙwayar ciwon ƙwayar cutar sun riga sun nuna don haifar da abubuwan da suka faru kamar MS.
Amma masu bincike sun gano cewa, maza masu karɓar magunguna na TNF don cututtuka na fata da maza da mata masu cin zarafi na TNF don maganin spondylitis sun kasance mafi haɗari ga MS bayan farawa magani. Bayan bayanin kula, spondylitis ankylosing yafi kowa a cikin maza.
Ɗaya daga cikin ƙididdigar nazarin Danish da aka bincika shi ne cewa ba'a san ko wane nau'i na masu amfani da TNF sun yi amfani da su ba, kuma iri daban-daban na masu cike da TNF sun shafi ƙumburi a hanyoyi daban-daban.
A cewar Yong da mawallafin marubuta: "A haɗuwa, kallon farko ya tada damuwa game da kare lafiyar TNFa [TNF] ta hanyar haɗarin MS, amma ana buƙatar aiki kuma yana da muhimmanci don gano ko wane sakamako suna samfurin samfurin ko cikakke ga dukan jinsin magani. "
Antibiotics
Ɗauki biyu-kula da binciken-daya a Birtaniya da ɗayan a Denmark-yayi nazarin ƙungiyar tsakanin kwayoyin amfani da MS. Kwalejin binciken bincike ya kwatanta marasa lafiya wadanda ke da sakamakon ko cuta (watau, lokuta) tare da wadanda basu da iko (watau iko). Tare da nazarin rikice-rikicen, masu bincike sun dubi baya don gano yadda za'a iya bayyanawa ga abubuwan haɗari. A cikin Birtaniya da kuma Danish binciken, shari'ar da ke dauke da marasa lafiya da aka gano tare da MS, da kuma matsalar hadarin sha'awa shine amfani da kwayoyin.
A binciken Birtaniya, mutane 163 tare da MS sunyi daidai da mutane 1523 ba tare da MS dangane da shekaru, jima'i, da sauran dalilai ba. Masu bincike sun gano cewa yawan amfanin kwayoyin cutar ba a hade da MS ba. Duk da haka, ko dai penicillin amfani da fiye da makonni biyu ko yin amfani da tetracycline fiye da mako guda ya hade da kashi 50 cikin haɓin MS.
Masu bincike na Danish sun yi ƙoƙari su sake gwada binciken masu bincike na Birtaniya ta amfani da girman samfurin (3259 lokuta). Abin sha'awa shine, masu bincike na Danish sun gano cewa amfani da kwayoyin cutar ta haɗari da halayen MS-har ma a marasa lafiya suna daukar nauyin maganin maganin rigakafi har kwana bakwai. Gaskiyar cewa mai amfani da kwayoyin amfani da kwayoyin cutar da aka haɗu da MS yana nuna cewa ainihin kamuwa da cuta-ba magungunan rigakafin kansu ba - an hade shi da ci gaban MS.
Gaba ɗaya, yana nuna cewa maganin rigakafi ba su da alaka da MS a yawancin bincike, amma ana bukatar yin bincike da yawa.
Mai ba da izinin Beta2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists
Magungunan fure-fuka (Berotec N) da salbutamol (ProAir HFA) dukansu suna cikin halayyar mai maganin beta2-adrenergic agonists wanda ke amfani da su don magance cutar fuka da kuma ciwo na huhu. A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a cikin jama'a, masu bincike na kasar Taiwan sun bincika ko wadannan kwayoyi sun shawo kan hadarin MS. Sun gano cewa ko da yake akwai ƙananan haɗarin MS a cikin waɗanda ke ɗauke da Berotec N, haɗarin MS da ke ci gaba ba su da dangantaka da ProAir HFA.
Masu binciken Taiwan sun ba da shawara cewa Berotec N na iya yin amfani da kariya saboda ikon da yake da shi ya hana karfin gwaninta da degranulation. A bayyane yake, ProAir HFA bai dace da yin abubuwan nan ba; Ta haka ne, ba ta da wani tasiri.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, idan aka yi la'akari da yadda ake yin bita2-adrenergic receptor agonists a matsayin kundin, Yong da co-marubuta sun faɗi haka: "Masu tsauraran beta2-adrenergic su ne masu fasahohin da ke hana interleukin-12, wani cytokine wanda ke motsa T cell bambancin zuwa progenflammatory T cell 1 taimaka. "A bayanin kula, masana sun bada shawarar cewa ƙwayoyin T (irin farin jini) suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin lalacewar ƙirar myelin da ke kaiwa ga MS.
Antihistamines
Ta yin amfani da zane-zane, masu bincike na Birtaniya sun yi nazarin ko dai sun kasance masu haɗari da kuma rashin maganin antihistamines da suka shafi MS. Abubuwa irin su rashin lafiyar cututtuka (misali, fuka, eczema, da hay zazzabi) da kuma shan taba an gyara don. Masu binciken sun gano cewa ko da yake ba a magance magungunan antihistamines ba sun haɗu da haɗarin MS ba, suna hana maganin antihistamines sun haɗu da kashi 80 cikin dari na rage hadarin MS.
Masu bincike sun nuna cewa dalilin da yasa satar maganin maganin rigakafi zai iya yin amfani da shi kamar yadda ya kamata-ba kamar magungunan antihistamines-wadannan kwayoyi sun ƙetare shinge na kwakwalwar jini da kuma yin tasiri game da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
Kwayoyin maganganu
Yong da abokan aiki sun binciki binciken biyar da ke neman ƙungiyoyi tsakanin amfani da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa ta hanyar jiyya da kuma hadarin MS. Gaba ɗaya, babu wata ƙungiya tsakanin waɗannan ɗayan biyu.
Ƙarin Bayani Game da Multi Sclerosis
Sakamakon ƙwayoyin cuta mai yawa shine halin lalata na myelin a cikin kwayoyin jijiyoyin tsakiya na tsakiya (kwakwalwa da kashin baya). Ba zai shafi cututtuka na jiki ba a cikin tsarin jiki na jiki (watau jijiyoyi da ganglia dake waje da kwakwalwa da kashin baya). Wannan cututtuka ne mai tsauri, wanda ke nufin jiki yana kaiwa kanta.
Baya ga magungunan kwayoyi, wanda kawai ya karu daɗewa a matsayin mai yiwuwar ilimin kwayoyin halitta, wasu dalilai masu mahimmanci sun kasance sun kasance cikin kwayar cutar MS kamar haka:
- Lokaci na daukan hotuna
- Shan taba
- Damuwa
- Cutar cututtuka irin na cutar Epstein-Barr
- Damuwa
- Rage hasken rana
- Low yanayin bitamin D
A dukan duniya, MS yana rinjayar mutane miliyan 2.5, kuma a Amurka, fiye da mutane 400,000 suna fama da cutar.
Sakamakon MS zai iya kasancewa marar kuskure ko ƙima. Tushen farko zai iya zama da dabara cewa mutumin da ke da MS ba zai iya lura da su ba har tsawon watanni ko shekaru. Ga wasu bayyanar cututtuka na MS:
- Rashin rauni
- Sensory bayyanar cututtuka
- Kayayyakin kayatarwa
- Matsala da gait da daidaituwa
- Ƙungiyar gaggawa
- Mitar mita
- Wulo
- Matsarorin motsa jiki
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama da sauri, tare da hare-haren kai tsaye na mako-mako ko watanni masu biyo bayan dawo da su. Ana iya haifar da cututtukan cututtuka da zafi, gajiya, motsa jiki, ko damuwa.
Daga qarshe, MS shine ƙin ganewa, wanda ke nufin cewa an gano shi ne kawai bayan sauran cututtuka, kamar su ciwon ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙananan kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa. A lokacin da bincikar MS, tarihin da kuma binciken binciken jiki da kuma binciken MRI sun taimaka. Canje-canje a cikin masu sarrafa halitta a cikin ruwa mai ma'ana.
Abin takaici, babu magani ga MS. Duk da haka, akwai magunguna akwai, ciki har da corticosteroids da musayar musayar plasma don magance mummunan wuta, da magungunan cututtuka masu yawa irin su beta interferons don hana rigakafi na MS.
Kalma Daga
Ka tuna cewa Yong da mawallafa-wallafe-wallafen wannan bita na farko shine nazarin tasirin kwayoyi daban-daban akan MS. Sakamakon wannan nazari na yau da kullum yana nufin ya ba da haske game da cutar da cutar MS-wata har yanzu ba mu fahimci dalilai ba.
A wannan batu, babu likita zai yi amfani da waɗannan binciken don yin maganin kai tsaye. Duk wani bayani da aka samo daga wannan nazari na ainihi ya buƙatar tabbatarwa da sake yin rikodin. Idan kana shan kowane magungunan nan kuma ka damu game da yadda suke shafar haɗarin MS, jin dadi don tattauna abin da ka koya tare da likitan ka. Duk da haka, kada ka daina (ko fara fara) magunguna dangane da abin da ka karanta a cikin wannan labarin-kuma ba tare da labari daga likitanka ba.
> Sources:
> Multiple Sclerosis. A: Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Harrison's Manual na Medicine, 19th New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
> Multiple Sclerosis. MedlinePlus.
> Masu amfani da TNF. Kwalejin Amirka na Rheumatology.
> Yong HY et al. Drug watsawa da kuma hadarin da yawa sclerosis: A review tsarin. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 201-7; 1-7.