Nobel Laureate da aka ƙera tare da gano ƙwayar cutar dan adam
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi (1947-) wani likita ne na Faransa wanda aka ba da kyautar Nobel na shekarar 2008 a Physiology ko Medicine tare da abokin bincike, Luc Montagnier, don gano kwayar cutar ta mutum (HIV).
Barré-Sinoussi a yau an dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan masu bayar da gudunmawa ga kimiyyar HIV bayan shekaru fiye da 35 na bincike, tun da farko ya wallafa wallafe-wallafe 240 da kuma rijista 17 na kimiyya.
Daga cikin nauyinta da yawa, an kira ta da Jami'in Harkokin Daraja a shekara ta 2006, inda ya dauka matsayin girmamawa na biyu na Faransa.
A shekara ta 2012, an kira Barré-Sinoussi shugaban kasa na Ƙungiyar Kasashen Duniya na Iya (IAS), matsayin da ta gudanar har sai Yuli 2016.
Binciken HIV
A shekara ta 1981, rahotanni game da cututtuka a tsakanin mazauna maza da mata a Amurka-yanayin da ba a gani ba a waje da mutanen da ke fama da mummunan rauni - ya kai ga sanarwar sabon ciwon da aka ƙaddara ta farko a matsayin GRID (ko kuma rashin rashi) amma daga bisani an kaddamar da cutar AIDS (ko kuma ta samu ciwon rashin lafiya).
Barré-Sinoussi da Montagnier, masu bincike tare da Cibiyar Pasteur a birnin Paris, sun kasance daga cikin ƙungiyoyin bincike na kasa da kasa da ke nemo wakilin da ake zargi. A shekara ta 1982, ɗayan biyu sun sami damar karbar kwayoyin halitta daga ƙwayoyin lymph wadanda suka kamu da marasa lafiya, kuma nan da nan bayan sun gano magungunan enzyme baya transcriptase-farkon nuna cewa suna da alaka da " retrovirus ."
A shekara ta 1983, Barré-Sinoussi da Montagnier sun gudanar da rabuwa da cutar, wanda suka gano cewa an buƙatar fuska tare da kwayoyin T-lymphocyte (wanda ake kira CD4 ) domin a sake bugawa. Nan da nan sun buga abubuwan da suka gano a cikin mujallolin kimiyyar kimiyya , suna nuna cewa cutar (wanda suka dauka LAV, ko cutar lymphadenopathy) - wanda ya hada da cutar AIDS.
La'idar LAV / HLTV-III
A cikin watan Mayu 1984, tawagar Amurka ta jagorancin mai binciken kwayoyin halitta Robert Gallo ta wallafa jerin labaran da suka sanar da ganowar cutar ta AIDS, wanda suka yi "HTLV-III". Duk da yake Barré-Sinoussi da Montagnier sun rabu da wannan cutar a watanni 18 da suka wuce, bincike na Gallo ya ba da tabbacin kimiyya ta ƙungiyarsa ga ciwo.
Binciken binciken da Cibiyar Kula da Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta NIH (NIH) ta yi ta tsawon lokaci-wadda ta haifar da raunuka a wannan lokacin - ta ƙarshe ta tabbatar da cewa cutar da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin gidan Gallo ta fito ne daga Cibiyar Pasteur, ta hanyar al'adu da aka gurbata.
A lokacin wannan muhawarar da aka lalata sunayen LAV da HTLV-III, kuma an sake cutar da kwayar cutar ta HIV.
A shekara ta 2008, kwamitin Nobel ya yanke shawarar girmama Barré-Sinoussi da Montagnier don gano su, da wucewa Gallo kuma maimakon girmama Harald zur Hausen don gano kwayoyin cutar papilloma wadanda ke haifar da ciwon sankarar mahaifa.
A cikin hira ta 2013 tare da Jaridar Independent ta Burtaniya, Barré-Sinoussi ya bayyana game da hulɗarta da Gallo: "Ina da dangantaka mai kyau tare da Bob, ba ni da matsala."
Magana daga Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
"Akwai fatan rai a kowane lokaci domin kullum akwai fata a kimiyya." (Interview Maris 7, 2009)
"Maganarku ita ce cynicism marar tasiri." (Harafin budewa zuwa ga Paparoma Benedict ya nuna rashin amincewa da sanarwa cewa ambatocin roba sun fi dacewa, ba tare da amfani da cutar AIDS ba, ranar 24 ga Maris, 2009)
"Abin da muke fada don ita ce muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga lafiyar kowa!" (Jawabin rufewa a taron 19 na taro na AIDS a Washington, DC ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 2012)
"Gwanin lafiya (don HIV) a gare ni kusan kusan ba zai yiwu ba saboda tafkin sel ba kawai cikin jinin ba. Yaya za a kawar da dukkan kwayoyin halitta wadanda ke da tafki ne don me ya sa na ce wannan matsala ce mai ban mamaki. gut, a cikin kwakwalwa, a cikin dukan kwayoyin lymphoid. " (Interview CNN, 24 ga Yuli, 2015)
Sources:
Connor, S. "Sanarwar maganin cutar kanjamau shine yanzu yiwuwar yiwuwar." Mai zaman kansa. Mayu 19, 2013.
Krishnan, V. "Akwai hakikanin fata ga kimiyya, in ji wanda ya lashe lambar Nobel wanda ya gano HIV." Express Indiya. Maris 7, 2009.
Barré-Sinoussi, F. "Harshen Yakin 2012". Yuli 27, 2012.
Barré-Sinoussi, F. "Harafin bude wa Benoît XVI." Le Monde. Maris 24, 2009.
CNN. "Mai gano magungunan cutar HIV: 'Don samun magani ba zai yiwu ba.'" An wallafa shi 24 ga Yuli, 2015.