Sababbin kwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar ta wuce fiye da 90% farashin Cure
Yayin da kake ganin cewa an gano cutar cutar hepatitis C (HCV) ne a shekarar 1989 kuma an fi la'akari da shi har zuwa karshen karshen karni na 20, cigaba a farfadowa ba kome ba ne da mamaki.
Sai kawai a cikin watan Disamba 2013, a gaskiya, cewa wasan ya canza gaba daya tare da sakin Sovaldi , wani maganin rigakafi na tsaye (DAA) wanda ya ba da sakamako mai yawa, raunin magani, da kuma maganin lafiyar kashi 99 a cikin wasu mazauna.
Yayinda kwayoyi sun yi tasiri sosai a yau an ba da izinin maganin yau da kullum ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar HCV mai tsanani da kuma rashin lafiya, da wadanda ke fama da ciwon hanta.
Ta hanyar fahimtar dabarun ciwon hepatitis C-ciki har da yadda aka zaɓa da kuma amfani da kwayoyi - za ka iya yin karin bayani game da hanyar aiki mafi dacewa a gare ka.
Manufofin Hepatitis C Far
A matsayin yatsan yatsa, magani na farko na hepatitis C ya danganta da kyakkyawan sakamako, ba wai kawai dangane da kawar da kwayar cutar ba amma a hana duk wani lalacewa mai tsawo na hanta da haɗin hade.
Manufar ciwon hepatitis C, sabili da haka, suna da ninki biyu:
- Don samun ci gaba mai maganin hoto (SVR) , an bayyana shi azaman rashin ciwon cutar a cikin jinin mutum tsawon tsawon makonni 24 bayan jiyya
- Don hana ci gaba da cutar hanta, ciki har da ci gaba da cirrhosis da ciwon huhu
A lokacin farfadowa, gwajin gwaje-gwajen da ake gudanarwa akai-akai don yin nazarin matakin cutar a cikin jinin mutum.
Har ila yau an san shi da nauyin hoto na HCV , waɗannan gwaje-gwaje zasu iya taimaka wa likitoci suyi hango akan yiwuwar sakamako (ko alamar maganin).
An dauki nauyin hoto na kwayar cutar wanda ba shi da tabbacin mafi kyau, yayin da makonni 24 na SVR ya dauki "magani".
Pathologists yawanci ƙayyade amsa maganin kamar haka:
| Term | Ma'ana | Definition | Faɗakarwa |
| RVR | Maganin kyamarar sauri | Wani abu mai kama da kwayar cutar hoto bayan makonni hudu na jiyya | Kullum mafi kusantar cimma SVR |
| eRVR | Tsarin sauri mai hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri | Wani nau'in hoto mai hoto wanda ba a taba gani ba a makon 12, bayan RVR na farko | Kullum mafi kusantar cimma SVR |
| EVR | Amfani da bidiyo mai hoto | Abin da ke dauke da kwayar cutar hoto ko kashi 99 cikin dari na rage yawan kwayar cutar ta hanyar mako 12 | Rashin cimma nasarar EVR ta mako 12 yana dacewa da kasa da kashi 4 cikin dari na samun SVR |
| ETR | Ƙarshen amsa amsa | An samu nauyin hoto mai ban dariya wanda ya kawo karshen ƙarshen mako 12 | Ba da taimako a tsinkaya sakamakon sakamakon magani ba |
| Mai sakawa | Zai iya cimma EVR amma ba zai iya ɗaukar nauyin kyakyaran kwayar cutar ba har tsawon makonni 24 bayan kammalawa | An yi la'akari da gazawar rashin lafiya | |
| Null sakawa | Ba za a iya cimma EVR ba a mako guda 12 | Jiyya yana yawanci an ƙare idan ba a samu EVR ba a mako 12 | |
| SVR | Abubuwan maganin bidiyo mai mahimmanci | Zai iya ɗaukar nauyin hoto na kyamararru don makonni 12 (SVR-12) da kuma makonni 24 (SVR-24) bayan kammala aikin farfadowa | SVR-24 za a iya daukar "magani," yayin da marasa lafiya tare da SVR-12 sukan iya cimma SVR-24 |
A yau, sama da kashi 99 cikin 100 na wadanda suka cimma SVR-24 zasu kasance marasa lafiya-marasa lafiya a kalla shekaru biyar. Daga cikin wadanda, rabin rabin zasu fuskanci tsarin cirrhosis a cikin shekara daya, yayin da mafi yawan zasu ga mawuyacin hali a cikin hanta ( fibrosis ).
Lokacin da za a Fara Jiyya
Shaida ta ƙarfafa magani ga duk waɗanda ke ɗauke da ciwon haifa C, shekarun 18 da haihuwa. Abubuwan da aka ware kawai sune wadanda ke da rai na rayuwa na kasa da watanni 12 saboda matsalar da ba a hanta ba.
Duk da haka, yayin da magani bazai iya samuwa ga duk marasa lafiya (saboda ko dai ko kudin kuɗi ko haɗin haɗin inshora), dole ne a bai wa waɗanda ke da bukatar gaggawa. Wadannan sun haɗa da mutane tare da cibiyoyin fibrosis mai mahimmanci, cirrhosis da aka haɓaka, haɗari da hanta, ko matsalolin da ba su da hanta na haɗari na kamuwa da HCV.
Har ila yau an ba da hankali ga mutanen da ke fuskantar haɗarin cutar kutsa C, wadanda suka hada da wadanda ke da fibrosis mai tsaka, cutar kamuwa da cutar HIV , ciwon sukari B, tare da sauran cututtukan hanta.
Ya kamata a lura, duk da haka, mutanen da ke da damar samun magani sun iya amfana da yawa, ba kawai ta hanyar rage yawan lalata hanta ba amma ta tsawon tsawon lokacin SVR.
Bincike ya nuna cewa mutanen da aka bi da su a farkon farkon fibrosis (kamar yadda aka auna ta METAVIR score ) suna da damar samun damar kashi 92 bisa dari na cigaba da cutar marasa lafiya shekaru 15.
Kafin yin tafiya a kowace hanya na magani, yana da mahimmanci ka gwada duka shirye-shiryen ka da kuma damar yin aiki da farfadowa. Idan kayi la'akari da wasu matsalolin-ciki har da aiki ko al'amura na sirri, amfani da giya / amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, ko tsorata game da magungunan kansu-tabbatar da tattauna wadannan tare da likita kafin fara magani. Ayyukan tallafi na iya zama samuwa don taimakawa wajen magance waɗannan batutuwa.
Jarrabacin Magungunan Ciwon Cutar Cutar
Ciwon hawan na Hepatitis C yana kunshe da guda ɗaya ko fiye da magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda aka saba da su a cikin mako 12.
A wasu lokuta, farfadowa na tsawon lokaci zai iya wuce zuwa 24 ko har ma da makonni 48, mafi yawancin a cikin mutane da ke da cirrhosis ko wadanda sun rigaya sun kasa maganin.
Baya ga Dokar DAA, ana iya amfani da wasu magunguna guda biyu a matsayin ɓangare na maganin haɗuwa:
- ƴan kwakwalwa , wani ɓangare na intanet, wadda ke aiki ta hanyar nuna jikin gawar gaban kamfanonin cututtuka kamar HCV
- ribavirin , magani mai magunguna da aka sani da shi don tsangwama tare da maganin maganin hoto
Peginterferon, wanda aka samu ta hanyar allurar rigakafi, an saba da shi tare da ribavirin. Ribavirin, ta bambanta, ana amfani dashi a kan kansa a hade tare da magunguna na DAA.
Yankin maganin ƙwayar cuta yana dogara ne akan nau'in kwayar cutar (kwayar cutar ) kwayar cutar wanda ke da cutar, tare da kima halin lafiyar mutum da tarihin kulawa na baya.
Akwai Dokar DAA guda takwas da Cibiyar Abinci da Drug ta Amurka ta amince:
| Drug | An amince don | An tsara | Bayyanawa | Duration |
| Ƙasar (sofosbuvir + valpatasvir) | genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, da 6 tare da ko ba tare da cirrhosis ba | tare da mu ba tare da ribavirin ba, dangane da ilimin genotype da kuma magani | daya kwamfutar hannu yau da kullum ba tare da abinci ba | Makonni 12-16 |
| Zepatier (elbasvir + grazoprevir) | genotypes 1 da 4 tare da ko ba tare da cirrhosis ba | tare da mu ba tare da ribavirin ba, dangane da ilimin genotype da kuma magani | daya kwamfutar hannu yau da kullum ba tare da abinci ba | Makonni 12-16 |
| Daklinza (daclatasvir) | genotypes 3 ba tare da cirrhosis ba | tare da Sovaldi | daya kwamfutar hannu yau da kullum tare da abinci | Makonni 12 |
| Technivie (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir) | genotypes 4 ba tare da cirrhosis ba | tare da ribavirin | biyu Allunan yau da kullum tare da abinci | Makonni 12 |
| Viekira Pak (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir, co-kunshe da dasabuvir) | genotypes 1 tare da ko ba tare da cirrhosis ba | tare da ko ba tare da ribavirin ba, kamar yadda aka nuna | Biyu Allunan ombitasavir + paritaprevir + ritonavir dauka sau ɗaya kowace rana tare da abinci, da kuma ɗaya daga kwamfutar ɗakin da aka dasa da sau ɗaya kowace rana tare da abinci | Makonni 12-24 |
| Harvoni (Sofosbuvir + leadispasvir) | genotype 1 tare da ko ba tare da cirrhosis ba | a kansa | daya kwamfutar hannu yau da kullum ko kuma ba tare da abinci ba | Makonni 12-24 |
| Sovaldi (Sofosbuvir) | genotypes 1, 2, 3, da 4 tare da ko ba tare da cirrhosis ba | a hade tare da ribavirin, Olysio, peginterferon + ribavirin, ko Olysio + ribavirin, kamar yadda aka nuna | daya kwamfutar hannu yau da kullum ko kuma ba tare da abinci ba | Makonni 12-24 |
| Olysio (simeprevir) | genotype 1 tare da ko ba tare da cirrhosis ba | a hade tare da Sovaldi ko peginterferon + ribavirin, kamar yadda aka nuna | Ɗaya daga cikin hatsin yau da kullum tare da abinci | 24-48 makonni |
Dole ne a nemi shawara ta musamman don mutane su koma baya don ciwon haifa C bayan wani rashin lafiya na baya. Ya kamata a yanke shawarar yanke shawara a kan kima irin nau'o'in da hade da magungunan da aka yi amfani dashi, da kuma kimantawa da hanta.
A wasu lokuta, gwajin gwajin jinsin, wanda zai iya kula da ci gaban HCV, zai iya taimakawa wajen zaɓin likitanci, musamman ma mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta genotype 1 wanda aka riga an nuna su ga DAAs.
> Source:
> Ƙungiyar {asar Amirka don Nazarin Harkokin Ciwon Hudu (AASLD) da kuma Cibiyar Cututtuka na Inganta cututtuka ta Amirka (IDSA). "Jagoran HCV: Shawarwari don Gwaji, Gudanarwa, da Kula da Hepatitis C." Updated Yuli 6, 2016.