Rahoton gaggawa na Gizon Cutar Harshen Cutar Hepatitis C don Mahimmancin Halittar Halitta
Akwai halin yanzu kwayoyin cututtukan kwayoyin halitta guda 11 (kwayoyin halittu) na cutar ciwon haifa a Cutar Harshen Cutar (HCV) a duniya, kodayake yawancin yawanci yana gani tare da kwayoyin 1 zuwa 7. Bugu da ƙari ga wannan, kowane jinsin za a iya raguwa a cikin ƙananan subtypes, wanda an ƙayyade lambobi (misali, HCV genotype 1a ko 1b).
An yi la'akari da jigilar dabbobi kamar yadda yake taimaka wa likitocin ƙayyade abin da kwayoyi zasu yi aiki mafi kyau don ƙwayar cutarka (ko ƙwayoyin cuta idan kana da kamuwa da fiye da ɗaya HCV genotype).
Hanyar ganewa baya buƙatar wani abu fiye da gwajin jini mai sauƙi, wanda aka samo samfurinsa ta amfani da fasaha da aka sani da samfurin polymerase sarkar (PCR) .
Genotype 1
Genotype 1 shine mafi yawancin HCV genotype a Arewacin Amirka da Turai kuma asusun kusan kusan 80% na dukan cututtuka a Amurka Genotype 1 cututtuka ana dauke su cikin mafi wuya a bi da su, kodayake sababbin magunguna masu sauri (DAAs) suna samun nasara rates a duka biyu bi da kuma a baya bi marasa lafiya. HCV genotype 1 za'a iya ƙara ƙaddamar da shi cikin subtypes 1a, 1b, da 1c.
Genotype 2
Genotype 2 shi ne na biyu na HCV na kowa a Amurka, yawan kimanin kashi 10 cikin dari na kamuwa da cuta. Kafin gabatarwar DAA, yana daya daga cikin jinsin da aka fi sauƙin magance su, tare da marasa lafiya da ke da 80% damar samun ciwon maganin hoto (SVR) wanda ya dace da magani. Yau, wannan adadi yana kusa da kashi 90 cikin dari a cikin marasa lafiya da yawa da suka biyo bayan haka kuma kimanin 99% cikin sababbin marasa lafiya.
Genotype 2 ma yana da manyan sifofi uku: 2a, 2b, da 2c.
Genotype 3
Genotype 3 yana da haɗari ga kudu maso gabashin Asiya kuma ba a raba shi ba a ko'ina cikin Australia, Indiya da sauran sassa na Far East. An kiyasta cewa kimanin kashi 6 cikin 100 na jama'ar Amirka suna da HCV genotype 3, wanda zai iya rushe cikin manyan sifofi biyu: 3a da 3b.
Genotype 4
Genotype 4 yafi kowa a Afirka, Gabas ta Tsakiya, da kuma kasashe da dama a gabashin Turai. Misira na da yawancin mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar cutar ta 4, da kuma mafi yawan mutanen HCV a duniya. Hanyoyin cutar HCV a cikin wadannan yankuna, a cikin babban ɓangare, na kwayar cutar 'bambancin kwayar halitta, wanda ya hada da subtypes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, da 4e.
Genotype 5
Genotype 5 an fi gani sosai a kudancin Afirka kuma an dauke shi da ɗan bambancin kwayar halitta tare da mahimman tsari guda biyar: 5a.
Genotype 6
Genotype 5 yana da yawa a kudancin kasar Sin, Hong Kong, da kuma sauran kasashen kudu maso gabashin kasar. Kamar genotype 5, akwai babban sashi: 6a.
Genotype 7
An kara Genotype 7 zuwa bayanan jama'a a shekarar 2014 kuma an gano shi a Thailand da Democratic Republic of Congo. Yana da babban mahimmanci: 7a.
Bugu da kari, an gano kwayoyin 9, 10 da 11, kodayake cututtuka sun kasance sun fi dacewa a cikin Vietnam da sassa na Indonesia.
HCV Jiyya ta Genotype
Tare da zuwan samfurin antivirals na yau da kullum, marasa lafiya suna da fadada yawan hanyoyin magance HCV. A halin yanzu, Cibiyar Abinci da Harkokin Kiyaye na Amurka ta amince da wadannan DAA don amfani da marasa lafiya tare da HCV genotypes 1-4 da 6:
- Daklinza (daclatasvir) : HCV genotype 3
- Harvoni (sofusbuvir + ledipasvir) : HCV genotype 1
- Sovaldi (sofusbuvir) : HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 da 4
- Technivie (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir) : HCV genotype 4
- Viekira Pak (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir co-kunshe da dasabuvir) : HCV genotype 1
- Olysio (simeprevir) : HCV genotype 1
- Zepatier (grazoprevir + elbasvir): HCV genotypes 1, 4 da 6
Sources:
Rockstruh, J. "Rahoton daga EASL 2015 don Hepatitis C Duk HCV ta hanyar HCV ta hanyar jin dadi a hanya don ingantawa: har yanzu da yawa ya koyi." Taro na 50 na Ƙungiyar Turai don Nazarin Halin (EASL). Afrilu 22-26, 2015; Vienna, Ostiryia.
Ƙunƙasar Kwayoyin Harkokin Kwayoyin Kasa ta Kasa. "Harshen Hepatitis C: Gudanar da Ciwon Cutar Aiki."
US Department of Veterans Affairs. "Hepatitis C Genotype."