Polymyositis yana da gagarumin rukuni na cututtuka da aka sani da Myositis
Polymyositis wani tsari ne, cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke da ma'ana da rauni. Yana da wani ɓangare na wata cuta da ake kira myositis, wanda ke nufin ƙonewar tsoka. Polymyositis yawanci rinjayar tsokoki ne mafi kusa da kututtukan jiki, amma a tsawon lokacin sauran tsokoki na iya zamawa. Yawancin lokaci, polymyositis tasowa a hankali, kuma yayin da zai iya ci gaba a kowacce, ciki har da yara, ba yakan shafar mutane a karkashin shekaru 18 ba.
Yawanci, yana rinjayar mutane tsakanin 40 zuwa 60 da haihuwa. Polymyositis tana rinjayar mata fiye da maza, ta hanyar kashi biyu zuwa daya.
Dermatomyositis ne irin wannan yanayin ƙwayar cuta ga polymyositis, bambanci shine cewa dermatomyositis yana rinjayar fata. Polymyositis zai iya faruwa a hade tare da wasu cututtuka, ciki har da lymphoma , ciwon nono , ciwon huhu na huhu , ciwon daji na ovarian , da kuma ciwon daji . Polymyositis zai iya faruwa tare da wasu cututtuka na rheumatic, irin su sclerosis (scleroderma), cututtuka masu haɗuwa da juna , rheumatoid arthritis , tsarin lupus erythematosus , da sarcoidosis .
Dalilin polymyositis
Yayinda yake da alamun polymyositis an ce ba a sani ba, yana nuna cewa heredity abu ne. Masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa maganin tsohuwar jiki ga tsoka yana faruwa a cikin mutanen da ke da kwayar halitta. HLA subtypes -DR3, -DR52, da -DR6 suna bayyana su da alaka da predisposition.
Akwai kuma abin da zai haifar dashi, yiwuwar maganin ciwon daji na rigakafi da rigakafi.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na polymyositis
Ƙarfin tsoka, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ita ce alama mafi yawan gaske. Ƙananan rauni da aka haɗa da polymyositis na iya ci gaba a cikin makonni ko watanni. A cewar Merck Manual, lalacewar kashi 50 na ƙwayoyin tsoka suna haifar da rauni, ma'ana, ta wannan lokaci myositis ya ci gaba sosai.
Matsalolin aiki na yau da kullum da ke faruwa tare da polymyositis sun hada da tashi daga kujera, matakan hawa, da kuma tayar da makamai. Rashin rauni na ƙuƙwalwa da ƙafar kafada na iya haifar da kasancewa a cikin gado ko kuma ƙafafun ƙafa. Idan ƙuƙƙun wuyan wuyan yana da hannu, zai iya zama da wuya a tada kansa daga matashin kai. Hanyoyin pharyngeal da tsokoki na yatsun kafa na iya shafar haɗuwa. Abin sha'awa shine, tsokoki na hannayensu, ƙafafu, da fuska basu shiga cikin polymyositis ba.
Akwai yiwuwar haɗin gwiwa wanda ya bayyana a matsayin ƙwayar polyarthralgia ko polyarthritis . Wannan yana cigaba da bunkasa a cikin wani ɓangare na marasa lafiya na polymyositis waɗanda ke da Jo-1 ko sauran maganin antisynthetase.
Sauran cututtuka da suka haɗa da polymyositis sun haɗa da:
- gajiya da yawa
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi
- Abunormalities masu murya saboda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta
- zazzabi
- asarar ci
Binciken asalin polymyositis
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowace cuta ko yanayin, likitanku zaiyi la'akari da tarihin lafiyarku kuma kuyi cikakken bincike na jiki a matsayin ɓangare na tsarin bincike. Za a iya yin gwagwarmayar jini don neman mafitacin ƙwayoyin magunguna da kuma gano ƙananan ƙumburi . Hanyoyin fasahar lantarki da gwajin gwaji na iya bada likita tare da bayanan bincikar bincike, ma.
MRI na ƙwayoyin da aka shafi ƙwayar yawanci an umurce su. Bugu da ƙari, gwaji na gaggawa zai iya bincika myoglobin, furotin a cikin kwayoyin tsoka wanda aka saki cikin jini kuma ya keta ta kodan lokacin da tsoka ya lalace. Yin gwajin jini don bincika matakin sulhu na ƙwayoyin tsoka, irin su CK da aldolase, za'a iya yin umurni da kuma yi. Tare da lalacewar tsoka, yawancin halayen enzymes na tsoka suna karuwa. Wani gwaji na jini, ANA (gwajin maganin antineclear antibody) , yana da tabbas har zuwa kashi 80 na mutanen da ke tare da polymyositis.
Daga qarshe, za a iya aiwatar da kwayar halitta ta jiki don tabbatar da ganewar asali na polymyositis.
Ana ba da shawarar maganin biopsy kafin a fara jiyya don a iya fitar da wasu cututtuka na tsoka.
Jiyya na polymyositis
Corticosteroids a high allurai ne na farko da magani na maganin polymyositis don rage ƙonewa a cikin tsokoki. Idan wannan kadai bai isa ba, za a iya ƙara immunosuppressants zuwa tsarin kulawa. Abunosuppressants wanda za'a iya la'akari sun hada da methotrexate (Rheumatrex), azathioprine (Imuran), mycophenolate (CellCept), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), rituximab (Rituxan), cyclosporine (Sandimmune), da IV immunoglobulin (IVIG).
Polymyositis hade da ciwon daji ne sau da yawa kasa da amsa ga corticosteroids. Lalacewa daga tumo, idan ya yiwu, zai iya zama mafi taimako a lokuta na myositis da ciwon daji.
Kalma Daga
Da magunguna na farko don maganin polymyositis, za'a iya samun gyarawa. Yau da shekaru 5 na rayuwa akan manya tare da polymyositis, a cewar Merck Manual, shine kashi 75-80. Mutuwa na iya haifar da sakamakon mummunan rauni na tsoka da ci gaba. Mutanen da ke da ƙwayar zuciya ko haɗin ƙwayar cuta suna neman suna da mummunar ganewa. Haka kuma za a iya ce game da marasa lafiya polymyositis da ciwon daji.
Ana nuna magungunan ciwon daji ga marasa lafiya na polymyositis wadanda suka kai shekaru 60 da haihuwa. Yi la'akari da buƙatar yin nazari kan ciwon daji na yau da kullum. Gano ciwon daji wanda ba a iya ganowa ba zai iya zama maɓalli don canza bayaninka tare da polymyositis.
> Sources:
> Ciwon Cleveland, Polymyositis, http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/polymyositis. Updated Sep. 2015.
> Hajj-ali, RA., MD. Polymyositis da Dermatomyositis. Merck Manual. Shafin Farko. Binciken / Revised Yuni 2013.
> MedlinePlus, Polymyositis - Adult. Gordon A. Starkebaum, MD. Janairu 20, 2015.
> Nagaraju K, et al. "Cututtukan cututtuka na ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran ƙwayoyin myopathies." Kelley's Textbook na Rheumatology. 2016.