Domin fahimtar nazarin jini na ANA (gwajin cutar antinuclear antibody), yana da muhimmanci mu fahimci nau'o'in kwayoyin cuta na farko.
- Antibodies sunadaran sunadaran ne, wanda kwayoyin jini sun fara, wanda ke gudana a cikin jinin don karewa daga magungunan kasashen waje, irin su kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma toxins.
- Autoantibodies, maimakon yin aiki da baƙi na kasashen waje, kai hari kan jikin jikin. Wannan mummunan abu ne.
- Magunguna na Antinuclear sune wani bangare na autoantibodies wanda ke da damar magance matsalolin cikin kwayoyin halitta. Tsarin kwayar halitta yana dauke da kwayoyin halitta, wanda aka sani da DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
An gwada gwajin jini ta ANA (gwajin maganin antuninal antibody) akan samfurin jini don zama wani ɓangare na tsarin bincike don wasu cututtuka na asibiti .
Ta yaya aka gwada gwajin
Don yin gwajin jini ta ANA, wani lokaci ana kira FANA (gwajin cutar antunicular antibody), an samo samfurin jini daga mai haƙuri kuma aka aika zuwa lab don gwaji. Magunguna daga samfurin jini an kara su ne zuwa zane-zane na microscope waɗanda suka shirya kwakwalwa a cikin kasuwa a kan zane-zane. Idan magani na marasa lafiya ya ƙunshi tururuwan antinoclear, sun ɗaure zuwa kwayoyin (musamman nau'in kwayoyin halitta) akan zane-zane.
Wani mutum na biyu, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a kasuwancin da aka yi amfani da shi tare da mai yaduwa, an kara shi da haɗin magungunan marasa lafiya da kuma samar da kwayoyin halitta a kan zane-zane.
Na biyu (mai ciwon hauka) wanda ke haɗuwa da kwayoyin cutar da kwayoyin halitta wanda suka haɗa tare. Lokacin da aka kalli zane-zane a ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope na ultraviolet, antibodic antibodies sun bayyana a matsayin kwayoyin halitta masu fuka.
- Idan ana lura da kwayoyin halitta mai sanyaya, sakamakon nazarin jini na ANA ya tabbata.
- Idan ba a lura da kwayoyin halitta ba, to sakamakon sakamakon gwajin jini na ANA ba daidai ba ne.
Binciken Test Blood na ANA
Wani rahoto na jini na ANA yana da sassa uku:
- Kyakkyawan ko korau ga ANA
- Idan tabbatacce, an ƙaddara mai karɓa kuma ya ruwaito
- An kirkiro alamun furotin
ANA Titer
An ƙaddara wani mai amfani ta sake maimaita gwaji mai kyau tare da dilutions na serial har sai gwajin ya haifar da sakamakon mummunar. Tsarin karshe wanda zai haifar da sakamako mai kyau (watau furotin da aka yi a ƙarƙashin microscope) shine mai ɗaukar rahoto. Ga misali:
Sisters Dilutions:
1:10 tabbatacce
1:20 tabbatacce
1:40 tabbatacce
1:80 tabbatacce
1: 160 tabbatacce (mai taken as 1: 160)
1: 320 mummunan
Alamar Alamar ANA
ANA alamomi da alamu na iya bambanta tsakanin ɗakin binciken gwaje-gwajen saboda bambancin da ake amfani dasu. Abubuwan da aka gane da yawa sun haɗa da:
- Bambanci - jigilar kyamara ta nukiliya saboda wani wanda ya jagoranci DNA. Kullum a cikin tsarin lupus erythematosus .
- Tsinkaye - fatar jiki yana faruwa a gefuna na tsakiya a cikin bayyanar shaggy. Anti-DNA da anti-nukiliya envelope ta'addanci sa wannan tsari. Haka kuma an gani a cikin lupus erythematosus.
- Speckled - speckled fluorescense saboda wani antibody directed da daban-daban antigens nukiliya.
- Mawuyacin hali - daga kwayoyin cutar da aka umurce su da wasu sunadarai masu mahimmanci da suka shafi matuƙar RNA. Ana gani a cikin mutane tare da scleroderma (tsarin sclerosis) .
Kyakkyawan Sakamakon gwajin jini ta ANA - Menene Ma'anar?
An samo asibitocin Antinuclear a cikin mutane da ke da cututtuka na asali, amma ba kawai ba. Haka kuma ana iya gano magungunan Antinuclear a cikin mutane da cututtuka, ciwon daji, cututtuka na huhu, cututtukan gastrointestinal, cututtuka na hormonal, cututtuka na jini, cututtuka na fata, da tsofaffi, ko mutane da tarihin iyali na cutar wariyar launin fata. An gano magungunan Antinuclear kusan kimanin kashi 5 cikin dari na yawan lafiyar jama'a.
Sakamakon ANA ne kawai kalma ɗaya ne da ake la'akari da lokacin da aka tsara samfurin ganewa. Dole ne kuma likita ya dauki nauyin bayyanar cututtuka na likita da sauran gwaje-gwaje.
Tarihin likita yana da mahimmanci saboda wasu kwayoyi kwayoyi suna iya haifar da "maganin rigakafi masu guba".
Namawar ANA a Daban-daban Cututtuka
Tattaunawa cikin layi, yanayin da aka samu daga gwajin gwajin ANA (kashi cikin dari)
- Lupus erythematosus na tsarin (lupus ko SLE) - fiye da 95 bisa dari
- M cigaba na sclerosis (scleroderma) - 60 zuwa 90 bisa dari
- Rheumatoid arthritis - 25 zuwa 30 bisa dari
- Sjogren ta ciwo - 40 zuwa 70 bisa dari
- Mutuwar Felty - fiye da kashi 75
- Yara da ƙananan yara - 15 zuwa 30 bisa dari
Ana amfani da takardun gwaje-gwajen ANA na wasu lokuta don ƙayyade ƙwayar cutar ta musamman. A saboda wannan dalili, likita na iya yin umarni da antisdNA, anti-Sm, Sjogren's antigens syndrome (SSA, SSB), kwayoyin Scl-70, anti-centromere, anti-histone, da anti-RNP.
Layin Ƙasa
Jarabawar ANA na da wuya. Wannan ya ce, sakamakon-tabbatacce ko mummunan, alamu, alamu, da kuma gwajin gwaji-zai iya ba likitoci da alamun ƙwararru don taimakawa wajen bincikar cututtuka na rheumatic autoimmune.
Sources:
> Peng da Craft. Littafin rubutu na Rheumatology. Tsarin na tara. Elsevier. Babi na 55 - Antibiotic Antibodies.
Sanin asibiti, Todd-Sanford