Rituxan, Gazyva, da kuma Anti-CD20 Cancer Far
Rituxan wata ƙungiya ne mai haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwar mutum. An yi amfani dasu don biyan yanayi da yawa ciki har da lymphoma ba Hodgkin.
Yadda Yake aiki
Sanin yadda tsarinmu na rigakafi zai iya ci gaba sannan kuma kawar da kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mu, masana kimiyya sunyi tunanin yiwuwar yin amfani da na'urar don magance ciwon daji.
Ƙungiyarmu ta rigakafi tana iya gane alamar alama a kan kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suka nuna cewa basu cikin jiki.
Lokacin da muke nunawa ga waɗannan kwayoyin halitta zamu samar da kwayoyin cuta don haɗawa da waɗannan alamomin alamar, bari sauran tsarin mu na rigakafi su san kai hari. An gano cewa wasu ƙwayoyin lymphoma ba na Hodgkin suna da alamomi wanda zai iya raba su. Ana kiran wannan alamar antigen na CD20 kuma yana kan iyakokin wasu kwayoyin jikinsu wadanda aka sani da suna B-lymphocytes, ko sassan B. Wadannan sune kwayoyin da suka zama cututtuka a wasu nau'o'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin da cutar cutar sankarar lymphocytic na kullum.
Mataki na gaba shine neman magani wanda zai iya yin kama da maganin rigakafin jikin mu na jiki wanda zai fahimci alamar surface, amma a kan kwayoyin cutar kanjamau. Rituxan (rituximab) shine "antibody" wanda aka gano don tsayawa ga antigen CD20 akan ƙwayoyin B-lymphocytes. Da zarar Rituxan ya rataya zuwa CD20 a jikin kwayoyin halitta, akwai yiwuwar wasu sassan da za'a iya lalata kwayoyin cutar kanjamau.
Masana kimiyya sun danganta magunguna cikin kungiyoyi daban-daban, bisa tsarin da aikin su, kuma Rituxan an rarraba shi a matsayin immunoglobulin G, ko IgG. Rituxan an classified shi ne a matsayin mai rikici na mutumclonal - wani nau'in immunotherapy wanda ke amfani da kwayar cutar "mutum-made" don magance ciwon daji.
Yana amfani
An yi amfani da Rituxan ga cututtuka masu ciwo da cututtuka.
Yaya wannan zai yiwu? To, duk yana danganta da jinin fararen jini da ake kira B-sassan ko B-lymphocytes, waɗanda suke cikin ɓangaren tsarin rigakafi. B-kwayoyin halitta-kwayoyin guda daya da suka zama ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin lymphomas iri-suna iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaba da cututtuka na rheumatoid da sauran cututtuka masu ciwon kumburi. Ana iya amfani dashi don cututtuka da cututtuka marasa cututtuka.
Cancers:
- Mutane tare da wasu nau'o'in lymphomas wadanda ba Hodgkin ciki har da lymphoma follicular (FL) kuma suna watsa babban lymphoma B-cell (DLBCL).
- Mutane masu fama da cutar sankarar jini na kullum (CLL) wanda shine CD20 tabbatacce.
Wadanda basu da cututtuka:
- Wasu mutane tare da rheumatoid arthritis.
- Wasu mutanen da ke dauke da cututtukan jini na jini kamar su granulomatosis tare da polyangiitis (GPA) (Granglomatosis Wegener) da polyangiitis microscopic (MPA).
- Ana nazarin shi a gwaje-gwaje na asibiti don amfani mai amfani a cikin sclerosis da kuma lupus erythematosus.
B-kwayoyin B-ci-gaba a cikin Lymphoma da Bajamau Lymphocytic
Bugu da ƙari na Rituxan zuwa jerin litattafan magungunan don mu kula da NHL ya yi bambanci mai mahimmanci. Kafin gabatarwa a farkon wannan karni, yawan mutuwa daga lymphoma ya cigaba da tashi. Tun daga wannan lokaci ya ragu, mai yiwuwa saboda inganta rayuwar Rituxan.
Wasu daga cikin lymphomas wanda Rituxan ya sanya bambanci sun haɗa da wadannan.
Lymphoma Follicular - Lymphoma Follicular shine mafi yawan nau'in rashin tausayi - ma'ana jinkirin girma-NHL, yawanci yana bayyana a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph cikin jiki. A matsayin nau'in NHL mai raguwa, FL ba koyaushe take buƙatar magani ba. Idan likita ya yanke shawarar yin amfani da Rituxan don FL, an yi amfani da ita a hanyoyi 2:
- Na farko magani : don samun gafara
Ana amfani da Rituxan a hade da chemotherapy. Idan magani ya haifar da gafara ko cikakke cikakku, Rituxan za'a iya amfani da shi azaman farfadowa. - Tsarin kulawa : kasancewa a gafara
Makasudin maganin farfadowa shine don taimakawa wajen magance cutar a lokacin gyarawa na tsawon lokaci. Ana amfani da Rituxan ne kadai, ba tare da chemotherapy ba, a lokacin aikin farfadowa.
Kaddamar da babban lymphoma B-cell (DLBCL) - Diffusa babban lymphoma na B-cell ya sanya sama da kashi 30 cikin sababbin lokuttan da aka gano na NHL. Rituxan an dauke shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na jiyya na farko idan aka yi amfani da shi tare da haɗarin chemotherapy kamar CHOP. Ayyuka uku da yawa sun nuna cewa ba wai kawai ƙara Rituxan jinkirin sake dawowa da cutar ba, kuma zai iya haifar da ingantaccen rayuwa. Saboda haka an ba Rituxan tare da kowace juyayi na chemotherapy kuma za'a iya ci gaba na tsawon lokaci bayan kammala ƙwayoyin chemotherapy. Ga wadanda aka tuntuɗa su a baya tare da kwayar cutar shan taba kawai kuma sun sake komawa ko ci gaba, Rituxan za'a iya gudanarwa a matsayin magani na ceto. (Amfani da jinƙai yana nufin wani magani wanda ya rage yawan bayyanar cututtuka da / ko ƙara rayuwa, amma ba zai iya warkar da cutar ba.)
Yadda aka ba Rituxan
Rituxan ana gudanar da shi azaman jiko a cikin jikin ku. An ba Rituximab a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kadan. An fara suturar da hankali, kuma idan mai haƙuri bai nuna wani halayen maganin ba, ana yawan ƙara yawan jiko a kowane sa'a har sai jiko ya ƙare.
Rituxan ne ake gudanarwa a kowane mako domin makonni 4 zuwa 8 lokacin da aka gudanar shi kadai. Lokacin da aka gudanar tare da chemotherapy, yawanci ana ba shi a ranar farko na kowane zagaye na chemotherapy ga kowane daga cikin 6 zuwa 8 hawan.
Sakamakon sakamako tare da Rituxan:
- Babban halayen Rituxan suna da alaƙa da jituwa masu haɗari . Mafi yawan marasa lafiya suna da irin wannan motsi, fiye da haka a farkon jiko. Mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka su ne zazzabi da ƙuƙumi, tare da wasu marasa lafiya suna jin dadi ko haske. Wadannan suna da sauƙin sarrafawa daga ma'aikatan horarwa kuma suna da damuwa.
- Rituxan zai iya haifar da lalacewar jini, kamar chemotherapy. Wannan na iya haifar da zazzaɓi a wasu lokuta kuma yana iya buƙatar girma factor injections for iko.
- Ƙananan marasa lafiya na iya samun tari da ƙwayar jiki bayan Rituxan. Kwayar cuta mai tsanani mai tsanani tana da wuya.
Gazyva
Yayinda yake tsayayya da Rituxan, Gazyva shi ne wani mutum wanda ya zama mai ƙwayar cuta guda daya .Gazyva a matsayin sabon kwayar cutar da ke kama da "tag" kamar Rituxan, wato antigen na CD20. Rituxan da Gazyva sunyi amfani da antigen na CD20 wanda yake a kan wasu kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da jini mai tsabta da ake kira B-lymphocytes, ko kuma sel B.
Kamar Rituxan, Gazyva wata magungunta ne guda daya. Wato, yana da nau'i na musamman na masana kimiyya da masana'antu suka samar da su. Samfurin na ƙarshe an rataye shi a cikin jaka a matsayin ruwa kuma an ba ta jigilar intravenous.
A cewar wata sanarwa da magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyi suka yi, Gazyva yana da tsammanin yana da karuwa sosai don haifar da mutuwar kwayar cutar ta jiki ta hanyar yin amfani da kwayoyin cutar ta jiki don kai hari ga sassan B.
Sources:
Fleury, I., Chevret, S., Pfreundschuh, M. et al. Ritiximab da hadarin na biyu na farko malignancies a marasa lafiya tare da wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma: a na yau da kullum review da meta-bincike. Annals na Oncology . 2015 Dec 17. (Epub gaban bugu).
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Amfani da Kwayoyin cuta ba a magance Ciwon daji: Bincike na Rituximab. Updated 03/07/14.