CD20 alama ce ta CD - wata kwayar halitta a kan tantanin halitta wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ganewa da kuma rubuta wani tantanin halitta a jiki. Ana samo CD20 akan farfajiyar B, amma bari mu dawo da kuma sa wannan ya fi fahimta.
Menene Alamar CD?
Alamomin CD sune kwayoyin da suke samuwa a saman jikin kwayoyin jikinmu. Kuna iya ji an kira su antigens - kuma antigen ne ainihin wani abu a saman wani tantanin halitta wanda tsarinmu na rigakafi zai iya ganewa.
Alal misali, ƙwayoyin jinin fararenmu na iya gane antigens akan farfajiyar na kwayan cuta kuma masu fata fararen suna da ikon amsawa ga abin da aka gane a matsayin barazana.
Kowane tantanin halitta a cikin jikinmu na da alamar CD, kuma gaba ɗaya akwai fiye da 250 daga cikin wadannan antigens. Kalmar CD tana nuna nau'in bambanci - kuma maimaita hanya ɗaya ce wadda za'a iya fadawa daban-daban na sel. Da yake iya gane wadannan alamar CD ɗin na iya zama mahimmanci idan baza ka iya sanin irin salula ba.
Alamar CD, B Cells, da T Cells
Lymphomas su ne cututtuka na irin jinin jini wanda ake kira lymphocytes. Akwai nau'o'in lymphocytes guda biyu - B lymphocytes na B ko B , da kuma T lymphocytes ko T. Duk nau'ikan lymphocytes na taimakawa kare rayukanmu daga cututtuka.
B da sel na T da ayyuka daban-daban, kuma cututtuka na kowanne daga cikin kwayoyin B ɗin sun bambanta da kwayar cutar B.
Duk da waɗannan bambance-bambance, zai iya zama da wuya a gaya bambanci tsakanin 2 a ƙarƙashin microscope. Kyakkyawan kamar ma'aurata 2 da suke nuna bambanci kuma suna amsa wa mutane daban amma suna kama da waje.
Mene ne CD20?
CD20 wani antigen ne da ke samuwa a jikin sassan B amma ba kwayoyin T ba.
Misali na yadda CD-20 za'a iya amfani dashi don gaya wa sassan da aka ba shi anan:
Akwai 2 cancers daban-daban da suke kama da ma'aurata biyu a ƙarƙashin microscope, amma suna da nau'o'in cututtuka daban-daban kuma suna amsa daban-daban ga jiyya: Siffar lymphoma mai ƙananan B (DLBCL) wani ciwon daji ne na kwayoyin B. A karkashin sakon kwayar halitta kwayoyin halitta suna kama da ƙwayoyin T waɗanda aka samu a cikin ƙwayar lymphoma cell cell anaplastic (ALCL) . Dukkan wadannan cututtuka suna da manyan kwayoyin halitta "ciwon daji" kuma zasu iya zama marar bambanci. Ana iya amfani da CD20 don nuna bambanci tsakanin waɗannan kwayar cutar biyu a sakamakon gwajin na CD20 zai zama tabbatacce a cikin batun DLBCL amma mummunan ga ALCL.
Yaya aka gwada shi?
Ana amfani da wata fasaha ta musamman da ake kira immunohistochemistry (IHC) don gane CD20 da kuma gano ko wani mummunan jini na jini (lymphocyte musamman) shine B-cell ko T-cell.
Yaya ake bi da shi?
Jiyya da samfurori ga ƙwayoyin B da cell T-cell sun bambanta.
Wani sabon nau'i na magunguna da ake kira magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta guda daya suna aiki sosai don wasu lymphomas. Kamar dai yadda jikinmu ke sa maganganu don yaki da kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, maganin kwayoyin halitta guda daya ne wadanda aka tsara don yaki da kwayoyin cutar kanjamau.
Kuma kamar yadda jikinmu ke yi da kwayoyin da ke gane antigens a kan kwayoyin cutar ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗannan kwayoyin sunadarai sun gane antigens akan farjin kwayar cutar kanjamau; a wannan yanayin, CD20.
Yin amfani da wani ɓangaren ƙwayar cuta guda daya wanda ke ɗaure zuwa CD20 zaiyi aiki ne kawai don ciwon daji tare da antigens CD20 a farfajiya, irin su ALCL a cikin misalin da ke sama.
Monoclonal Antibody Jiyya da kuma CD20
Akwai magunguna da dama da ake amfani dashi yanzu. Kwayoyin da ke kula da kwayoyin halitta na B da suka yi amfani da lymphomas da leukemias na B tare da antigen CD20 a saman sassan sun hada da:
- Rituxan (rituximab)
- Zevalin (ibritumomab tiuxetan)
- Bexxar (tositumomab)
- Gazyva (obinutuzumab)
- Arzerra (ofatumumab)
Ko da yake duk suna ɗaure CD20, akwai bambanci tsakanin wadannan kwayoyin cutar. Wasu ana kiransa chimeric irin su rituximab, wanda ke nufin 'yan injiniyoyi masu amfani da kwayoyin sunyi amfani da' gauraye kayan kayan gini 'don yin amfani da antibody, wasu mutane, wasu linzamin kwamfuta; wasu suna da mutunci (obinutuzumab) kuma wasu suna cikakkiyar mutum (naatatuma), ma'anar dukkanin sassa sun fito ne daga jinsin mutum => asalin sunadaran. Sa'an nan kuma, wani factor factoring shi ne cewa wasu suna hade da abubuwa masu rediyo (ibritumomab tiuxetan da tositumomab).
Cutar da Lymphoma
Yayin da ka isa wannan shafin, kana yin matukar ci gaba a matsayin kasancewa mai aiki a cikin kulawa. Nazarin sun gano cewa ilmantarwa game da cutarka sosai , da kuma taka rawar gani a cikin kulawa, baya taimakawa kawai don magance ciwon daji amma zai iya taimakawa tare da sakamakon. Ku shiga wurin iyali da abokai. Bincika a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da cutar sankarar bargo da kuma lymphoma - mutanen da za ku iya samun dama 24/7 don goyon baya da tambayoyi. Kuma tabbatar da kai ne mai ba da shawara a cikin kulawar ciwon daji . Magunin yana canzawa kuma masu ilimin likita ba kawai jurewa ba amma suna fatan za su yi aiki tare tare da ku don yin gyaran tsarin kula da yafi kyau a gare ku a matsayin mutum.
Sources:
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Jiyya - Sashen Lafiya na Lafiya (PDQ). Updated 01/15/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphome/hp/adult-nhl-treatment-pdq