Tsibirin Pancreatic ba abu ba ne, amma tun da yawancin wadannan cututtuka sun kasance a cikin matakai na cigaba a lokacin ganewar asali, shi ne babban abu na hudu na mutuwar cutar kanjamau a Amurka. Kwayar cututtuka na iya haɗawa da jaundice marar zafi, ciwo na ciki, asarar nauyi, kuma wani lokacin ma'anar rashin ciwo na ciwon sukari. Ana gwada gwaje-gwaje irin su CT da endoscopic duban dan tayi don ganewar yanayin.
Yanayin maganin sun hada da tiyata, chemotherapy, maganin kwantar da hankali, radiationrapy, da kuma gwaji na asibiti.
Fahimci Ƙarƙashin
Ƙarƙashin ƙwayar wani abu ne wanda yake da misalin inci shida, tsawonsa biyu inci kuma an yi kama da shi a gefe. Mafi girman ƙarshen pancreas ana kiransa da kai, yayin da ake kira ɓangaren jiki jiki, kuma ƙananan ƙarshen wutsiya. Magunguna sun fi kowa a kai.
Ƙarƙashin ƙararraki yana ɓoye bayan ciki a gaban kashin baya. Ba za a iya ji ba a lokacin jarrabawar jiki kamar yadda wasu kwayoyin ke kewaye da su, kamar ciki, hanta, yalwa, gallbladder, da ƙananan hanji, yin gwaji da kuma tiyata.
Ƙarfin ƙwayar ya ƙunshi nau'i biyu na sel wanda zai iya haifar da nau'in ciwon daji. Yawancin cututtukan (adenocarcinomas) sun fara ne a cikin kwayoyin da aka sani da kwayoyin exocrin wadanda ke da alhakin samar da enzymes na pancreatic. Wadannan enzymes suna ɓoye cikin hanji don taimakawa wajen samar da sunadarai, carbohydrates, da fats.
Mafi yawancin marasa lafiya ne (ciwon daji na neuroendocrine) wanda ke tashi a cikin kwayoyin endocrin . Wadannan kwayoyin suna haifar da kwayoyin hormones irin su insulin, glucagon, da somatostatin wadanda ke tsara tafiyar matakai daga jini sugar zuwa adadin acid a ciki.
Wannan bayyani yana mayar da hankali ga ciwon daji na farko na ciwon daji.
Cutar cututtuka
Sakamakon farko na ciwon daji na pancreatic zai iya zama da sauƙi kuma marar kyau, kuma za'a iya watsi da shi a matsayin mai yiwuwa saboda wani, yanayin rashin tsanani.
Wasu alamu na gargadi sun haɗa da:
- Samun fata da fata na idanu ( jaundice ) saboda haɗin bilirubin
- Rashin launi, yumɓu kamar ƙuƙumma, duhu da fitsari, da kuma tayarwa, yana faruwa ne saboda tara bilirubin cikin jini
- Jin zafi na ciki wanda zai iya haskakawa zuwa baya
- Bacewar nauyi marar nauyi
- Nuna, vomiting, ko zawo
- Rashin ci
- Abin da ba a sani ba na ciwon sukari a cikin mutumin da ba shi da hadarin haɗari
Kwayar cutar ciwon ƙwayar cuta (ƙananan ciwon neuroendocrine) suna da alaka da hormones da suke samarwa kuma zasu iya haɗawa da alamar cututtuka irin su waɗanda aka samo da jini ko jini mai zurfi ko hawan jini.
Duk waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna bada cikakkiyar kimantawa na likita - da ra'ayi na biyu, idan ba a samu amsoshin da ke da hankali a gare ku ba.
Dalili da Dalili Dama
Kodayake masu bincike ba su da tabbas game da abin da ke haifar da cutar, akwai matakan haɗari ga ciwon daji na pancreatic da aka gano:
- Shekaru: Yawancin cututtuka na pancreatic ke faruwa a cikin mutanen da suka kai 55 (duk da cewa zasu iya faruwa a cikin matasa).
- Race: Barakoki na da ciwon daji na ciwon daji fiye da sauran kabilanci. Har ila yau, hadarin ya fi girma a cikin mutanen Yahudawan Ashkenazi, ko da yake ana ganin wannan dangantaka ne da halayen gwaninta na BRCA2 .
- Jima'i: Sauran yanayi da yawan mace-mace suna da girma a cikin maza fiye da mata.
- Cigarette shan taba: Wannan abu ne mai hatsarin gaske ( shan taba yana kara yawan hadarin ) kuma ana zaton yana da alhakin har zuwa kashi uku na ciwon daji na pancreatic.
- Magungunan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ( periodontitis ) da kuma asarar hakori (edentulousness)
- Tarihin iyali na ciwon daji na pancreatic ko wasu cututtuka na kwayoyin: Wadannan ana zaton su zama kashi 5 cikin dari zuwa kashi 10 na wadannan ciwon daji.
- Tarihin kansa na ciwon sukari
- Hanyar kumburi na pancreas ( pancreatitis )
- Dogon lokacin, mai amfani da barasa, musamman lokacin da aka hada tare da shan taba
- Kiba: Yawan kisa ko babba ana zaton ana da alhakin daya daga cikin takwas daga cikin wadannan cututtuka.
Sanin asali
Sakamakon ganewar asali na ciwon daji na pancreatic ya fara tare da tarihin da ya dace da neman abubuwan haɗari, da kuma gwajin jiki na neman duk wani shaida na jaundice, wani ɓangaren ciki, ko asarar nauyi.
Nazarin ilimin bidiyo shine ainihin ganewar asali, musamman ƙwallon CT da aka tsara don neman ciwon ciwon pancreatic (tsarin CT). Hakanan zai iya taimakawa wajen fitar da wasu matsaloli na ciki amma an taƙaita shi a bincikar ciwon daji na pancreatic saboda gas a cikin hanji.
Maimakon haka, endoscopic duban dan tayi-wanda an sanya bututun karfe tare da magungunan dan tayi ta bakin da kuma shigar da shi cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ciki ko kuma babba na ƙananan hanji - zai iya zama kayan aiki mai taimako. Wasu gwaje-gwajen hotunan da ake amfani da su a wasu lokuta sun hada da ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) da MRI.
Ba a buƙatar amfani da kwayar halitta kawai don yin ganewar asali, amma lokacin da yake (kamar idan an yi amfani da tiyata) akwai babban zaɓi guda biyu: ƙwararren gurasar lafiya da laparoscopic biopsy.
Gwaje-gwaje na jini ba shi da ƙari tare da ciwon ciwon ƙwayar cuta ba tare da haɗuwa da wasu binciken ba. Idan jaundice ya kasance, gwaje-gwaje don sanin nau'o'in bilirubin na da taimako.
Bisa ga sakamakon binciken gwajin da sauran binciken, ana ba da wannan maganin a tsakanin 0 (precancerous) da kuma mataki na 4 ko an lasafta shi azaman ciwon daji.
Jiyya
Yanayin maganin ciwon daji na pancreatic na dogara ne akan mataki na cutar da kuma wurin da ciwon daji ke ciki.
Ga magunguna na farko, musamman ma wadanda ke kan gaba a kan wannan cuta, tiyata yana ba da dama don magance cutar. Abin baƙin ciki shine kawai kashi 15 zuwa 20 cikin 100 na mutane ne masu aikin tiyata (ga sauran, ciwon daji ya yadu sosai don aikin tiyata don inganta rayuwar).
Hanyar da aka fi sani da ita ita ce hanya ta Whipple da ya haɗa da kawar da kawuncin katako, ƙwayar bile na kowa, ɓangare na ciki, ɓangare na ƙananan hanji, da ƙwanƙara, da kuma ƙwayoyin lymph kusa. Akwai bambanci a kan hanya, ciki har da tiyata wanda ke kawar da dukan pancreas, amma ana yin hakan sau da yawa. Wadannan su ne manyan magunguna, kuma tabbatar da cewa tiyata mai yiwuwa ne (kamar laparoscopic biopsy da wasu gwaje-gwaje) yana da muhimmanci.
Chemotherapy ta amfani da hade da kwayoyi yana samar da sauƙi mai sauƙi a rayuwa mai tsawo amma zai iya zama mafi tasiri idan an haɗa ta tare da jiyya kamar maganin farfadowa da / ko radiation.
Magunguna da aka ƙayyade su ne sababbin jiyya da suke "ƙaddamar" ƙananan haɓaka a ci gaban cancers. Ɗaya daga cikin maganin magani, Tarceva (erlotinib), yana taimaka wa wasu mutane, mafi yawancin haɗuwa da chemotherapy.
Gwajen gwaji na kallon hada-hadar maganin da ke sama da sababbin hanyoyin, irin su immunotherapy.
Ciyarwa
Idan kai ko mai ƙaunataccenka an gano shi da ciwon daji, sai ka ɗan lokaci ka koyi game da cutarka kuma ka dauki wani ɓangare a cikin kulaka a matsayin mai ba da shawara . Yin hakan ba wai kawai yana taimakawa wajen rage tashin hankali ba amma zai iya haifar da bambanci ga sakamakon wasu.
Wasu shawarwari da zasu iya taimakawa:
- Yi ɗan lokaci don koyo game da yadda za a gudanar da bincike kan ciwon daji a kan layi .
- Ka yi la'akari da samun ra'ayi na biyu, zai fi dacewa a daya daga cikin Cibiyar Cancer na Cibiyar Kwayar Cibiyar Canji-wadda aka tsara cibiyoyin ciwon daji
- Yi magana da likitan ka game da duk wani gwaji na gwaji wanda zai iya dace maka, ko kuma la'akari da dubawa ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan gwajin gwaji marasa lafiya kyauta wanda ke samar da magoya baya masu kula da marasa lafiya wanda zasu dace da halinka na musamman zuwa gwajin gwaji da ke faruwa a ko'ina cikin duniya.
Wasu mutane suna ganin yana taimakawa wajen shiga ƙungiyar tallafi. Idan irin wannan rukunin bai samuwa a yankinka ba, wanda zai iya kasancewa a matsayin ƙwayar ciwon cizon sauro ne wanda ba a sani ba, al'ummomin goyon bayan layi na iya zama hanya mai kyau don neman wasu waɗanda ke fuskanci kalubale guda da kake ciki.
Samun kai ga dangi da abokai kuma bari su taimake ka. Ciwon daji yana daukan ƙauyen. Cibiyoyin ciwon daji da yawa suna bayar da shawarwari don taimakawa ta motsa jiki, daga jigilar ciwon daji yana ba da shawara ga ƙungiyoyi masu kula da ladabi waɗanda suke magance dukan mutum, jiki, tunani, da ruhu. Yi amfani da kowanne daga cikin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan da kuka gaskata zai taimaka. Wasu lokuta abin da mutane masu girman kai suke yi shine yarda da cewa suna buƙatar karin taimako da tallafi.
Kalma Daga
Idan kai ko wanda kake ƙaunata an gano shi tare da ciwon daji na pancreatic, ko kuma kuna zaton cewa kuna da alamun bayyanar, babu wata shakka za ku iya damuwa sosai. Ciwon daji na Pancreatic yana da suna da mafi yawan sun san. Duk da haka kamar dai yadda jiyya ke inganta ga sauran cututtuka, an ci gaba da ci gaba da wannan cututtukan. Wasu manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya yanzu suna yin tiyata don cutar da aka yi la'akari da su. Kuma har ma da ciwon ci gaba, sababbin jiyya kamar maganin farfadowa da immunotherapy na iya canza yanayin ciwon ciwon pancreatic, kamar yadda suke da wasu cututtuka.
Ko da yake jiyya ba abin da muke son su zama a yau ba, ilimin kimiyya ya zo sosai a cikin gudanar da bayyanar cututtuka da damuwa game da ciwon daji domin mutane su iya samun mafi yawan lokaci daga iyalinsu da abokai ko da wane lokacin an bar shi.
> Sources:
> Cutar Ebola a Pancreatic, Springer Verlag, 2017.
> De la Cruz, M., Young, A., da kuma M. Ruffin. Binciken da kuma Gudanar da Ciwon Cutar Pancreatic. Aminiya na Yammacin Amirka . 2014. 89 (8): 626-632.
> Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Tsirarru na Pancreatic Cancer (PDQ) -Shiran Harkokin Kasuwanci. Updated 01/26/18. https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-treatment-pdq
> Rosenberg, A., da D. Mahalingam. Immunotherapy a cikin Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma-Cire Gari ga Amsa. Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology . 2018. 9 (1): 143-159.