Karancinka yana da mahimmanci amma sau da yawa wanda aka gamsu. Rashin haɓaka da kuma rawar da yake taka a cikin ciwon sukari yana da mahimmanci a fahimta.
Yaya Ayyukan Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙa
Tsarinka yana kusa da inci 6 kuma yana zaune a gefen ciki, bayan ciki da kusa da kashin baya. Yana da gudummawa biyu wajen taimakawa tare da tsarin narkewa da kuma samar da muhimman kwayoyin hormones, kamar insulin .
Kamar yadda yake da dangantaka da ciwon sukari,
- samar da insulin don taimakawa wajen kula da ma'aunin glucose (sugar) a jikin
- Ya samar da glucagon lokacin da jikin yake buƙatar sanya karin glucose cikin jini don amfani da makamashi
Bambanci tsakanin glucagon da insulin shine insulin yana rage glucose na jini ta hanyar taimakawa jikinka amfani da glucose cikin jini don makamashi. Glucagon ya kawo glucose na jini ta hanyar hawan hanta da tsokoki don saki glucose mai adanawa da sauri.
Kwayoyin Islet da Production na Insulin
Ƙarfinka yana da nau'i na kwayoyin da aka sani da fasaha kamar Islets of Langerhans, kuma yawanci ana kiransa "tsibirin." Akwai kimanin miliyan 1,200 na mahalli a cikin lafiya, ƙwararren girma. Ko da yake wannan yana kama da yawancin tsibirin, ya ƙunshi kimanin 1-2% na dukan pancreas.
Akwai wasu kwayoyin halitta da aka samo a cikin kowane ɓangaren sel, wanda ake kira beta. Sassan Beta sune ainihin kwayoyin dake haifar da insulin da ake buƙata don kula da jini na al'ada a cikin jini.
Lokacin da tsarin jiki na jiki ya yi kuskure kuma ya hallaka wadannan sassan beta, sai ya rufe insulin da kwayoyin beta. Wannan rashin ciwon insulin na rayuwa yana haifar da ciwon sukari na 1 kuma yana buƙatar yawan injections kullum na insulin don tsira.
Duk da kai hari akan sassan beta, aikin da ya rage na pancreas don narkewa da kuma samar da sauran mahimman kwayoyi masu yawa suna kasancewa a cikin lalacewa.
Ƙararren ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin Type 1 da Type 2 Ciwon sukari
A cikin suturar type 1, kwayoyin beta kusan sun daina samar da insulin. Ko da yake wasu insulin za a iya samar da su, ba kusan kusan daidaita glucose a jiki ba. Wannan shi ya sa ake bukata injections.
A cikin irin ciwon sukari na 2, ba a kai farmaki ba tare da wata cuta ba, amma ko dai yana samar da insulin fiye da yadda ake buƙata, ko jiki ba zai iya amfani da insulin ba. An kira yanayin da ake kira insulin juriya. Kiba shine babban dalilin yaduwar insulin.
Jiyya don mayar da aikin Pancreatic
Wadannan hanyoyi ne da aka gano masu bincike suna ƙoƙari su haifar da wani abu mai gina jiki, wanda zai zama magungunan ciwon sukari na type 1:
- Sake yin amfani da na'urar beta don su sake haifar da insulin. Ko da yake an ƙarfafa cigaba, an yi la'akari da tsarin gwaji.
- Tsarin gine-gizen ƙwayoyin cuta sun sami nasara wajen sake samar da insulin, amma ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike kafin ya iya zama wani zaɓi mai aminci da abin dogara.
- Ana iya samun sifofin sifofin yanzu, amma saboda yawancin masu ba da taimako, wannan hanya ne kawai ga wadanda ke fama da rashin lafiya daga irin matsaloli masu ciwon sukari na 1.
Sources:
Ƙungiyoyin Langerhans. Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon sukari. https://www.diabetesresearch.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=729
Bayani na Farfesa. EndocrineWeb. https://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/overview-pancreas