An haɗu da ƙari ga yawancin cututtuka na yau da kullum, ciki har da ciwon sukari na type 2 , cututtukan zuciya , da kuma ciwon daji , don suna da 'yan kaɗan. Ko da yake yawancin kiba ya kasance a cikin karuwanci a shekarun 1960 zuwa 1970, sun kasance a sama tun daga shekarun 1980s, har zuwa kashi biyu cikin uku na manya na Amurka yanzu suna da kisa ko kisa. Yawancin masana sun tsara cewa annobar cutar zazzabi na iya haifar da raguwar rayuwa a Amurka a cikin karni na 21.
Abune da Rayuwa
Ɗaya daga cikin binciken da ya kai fiye da miliyoyin manya a Amurka ya gano cewa an danganta yawan mutuwar da aka haɗa da labarun jiki (BMI). A cikin wannan binciken, yawan cututtuka na mutuwa daga cututtukan zuciya sun kamu da haɓaka a tsakanin mutane tare da BMI mafi girma. Mafi yawan mutuwar mutuwar da ke tsakanin mata da BMI daga 22 zuwa 23.4 kuma tsakanin maza da BMI daga 23.5 zuwa 24.9.
Sauran masu bincike sun kiyasta cewa ƙudan zuma yana haifar da kusan mutane 300,000 a kowace shekara. Hudu da kiba a lokacin yaro yana da damuwa sosai: a cikin maza musamman, an sami karba a lokacin yarinya don ƙara yawan mutuwa ta kowace hanya.
Wasu masu bincike sun ƙaddara cewa, a cikin wadanda suke da girman kai, ana iya rage rai mai rai ta kimanin shekaru 5 zuwa 20.
Kiba a matsayin Matsala ta Duniya
Ƙungiyoyi masu yawa, ciki har da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), sun bayar da kira don aiwatar da cutar annoba, suna mai cewa shi babbar matsala ce ta duniya.
Hukumar ta WHO ta kiyasta cewa akalla mutane miliyan 2.8 a duniya suna mutuwa a kowace shekara saboda kasancewa da nauyi ko ƙima.
Haka kuma WHO ta lura da cewa yawancin kiba a duniya ya ninka biyu a tsakanin shekarun 1980 da 2008, kuma inda ake amfani da ƙudan zuma a kasashe masu tasowa, yanzu yana da alaƙa da ƙasashe masu ƙasƙanci da na tsakiya.
Yara yawan yara ya zama matsalar kiwon lafiya na duniya; a cewar WHO, fiye da yara miliyan 40 da ke cikin makarantar sakandare a cikin shekara ta 2008, kuma yara da suke da karba za su iya zama babba a matsayin manya.
A gaskiya ma, watakila shine karo na farko a tarihin duniya, nauyin kiba da kiba a yanzu suna da alhakin karin mutuwar a duniya fiye da mutuwar saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko zama maras nauyi. A duniya, bisa ga kididdigar WHO, kashi 44 cikin 100 na ciwon sukari, kashi 23 cikin dari na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, kuma kashi 41 cikin 100 na wasu cututtuka za a iya danganta su da kiba da kiba.
Maganin ƙari da rigakafi
Irin waɗannan kididdigar sunyi kula da rigakafin kiba da ya fi gaggawa. Kowane mutum na iya ɗaukar matakai mai sauƙi don hana kiba da kuma magance salon rayuwa , samun karin aikin jiki a kowace rana da kuma kulawa da hankali ga cin abinci. Kashe magungunan sukari da sukari da komai maras nauyi zasu iya tafiya mai zurfi wajen gudanar da nauyin nauyin nauyi, da kuma fahimtar wayar da kan jama'a, na kasa da kuma duniya baki daya sun fara fassarawa cikin tsarin al'umma da manufofi.
Idan kana da kiba ko ƙima, yi ƙarfin zuciya da sanin cewa akwai albarkatun da zasu iya taimaka maka ka rasa nauyi, fara da tattaunawa tare da likitan likitanka game da abin da tsarin zai dace maka.
Ka tuna cewa rasa kashi 5 cikin dari zuwa kashi 10 cikin nauyin ƙananan nauyi zai iya haifar da amfanin lafiyar jiki, kuma bai yi latti don farawa ba.
Sources :
Allison DB, Fontaine KR, Manson JE, et al. Mutuwar shekara ta haifar da kiba a Amurka. JAMA 1999; 282: 1530-1538.
Calle EE, Thun MJ, Petrelli JM, et al. Rahoton jiki-mace da mace-mace a cikin wani mayakan kungiyar Amurka. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 1097-1105.
Fontaine KR, Redden DT, Wang C, et al. Shekaru na rayuwa rasa saboda kiba. JAMA 2003; 289: 187-193.
Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, et al. Rashin yiwuwar rashin rayuwa a Amurka a cikin karni na 21. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1128-1145.
Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya. 10 abubuwa akan kiba. Samun shiga yanar gizo a http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/facts/en/index3.html a kan Oktoba 2, 2014.