Tarin Harshen Cutar cututtuka, MRI, da Lumbar Punishment don Bincike NPH
Tsarin al'ada hydrocephalus shine fadada sararin samaniya a cikin kwakwalwa, wanda ake kira ventricles , wanda ke dauke da ruwa mai kwakwalwa - ruwa mai tsabta wanda yake wanke kwakwalwa da kuma kashin baya kuma ana kiran shi CSF abbrevia.
Tsarin al'ada hydrocephalus yana sa wahalar tafiya, tunani, da kuma sarrafa mafitsara. Kwayar cututtuka na iya inganta a yayin da neurosurgeon ya sanya ragi wanda ake kira shunt a cikin ventricles don CSF ya shiga cikin ciki a maimakon ci gaba da saukar da kashin baya.
Duk wani tsarin daji na ɗauke da wasu hadarin, duk da haka, da kuma amfanin amfani da irin wannan sutura ga NPH ba koyaushe ba ne - saboda haka yana da mahimmancin NPH da za'a bincikar da shi daidai. Ko da bayan wannan mataki, wasu marasa lafiya na iya ingantawa tare da sanya jituwa fiye da wasu.
Mimickers of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Kuna iya tunanin zubar da aikin kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, kuma ba inganta ba saboda alamar cututtukan sun kasance ne saboda cutar ta daban? Wannan abu ne mai sauki a cikin NPH saboda bayyanar cututtuka suna da yawa a cikin tsofaffin mutane saboda dalilan da dama.
Matsalolin tafiya, alal misali, na iya kasancewa saboda cututtuka na kashin baya , matsalolin gado, matsalolin hangen nesa, ko ƙwararrun neuropathy. Halin rashin daidaituwa a cikin jiki yana da mahimmanci a cikin tsufa don dalilai da dama. Rashin rashin hankali na iya zama saboda lalacewa na yau da kullum irin su cutar Alzheimer. Wasu damuwa na iya kara haɗarin matsalolin tafiya, irin su Lewy jiki dementia, cutar Parkinson, ko ciwon daji.
Da yawa daga cikin wadannan mawaki na iya cirewa ta hankali ta hanyar binciken lafiya. Alal misali, cutar Lewy ko cuta na Parkinson na iya haifar da matsalolin tafiya, amma suna da ƙananan hanyoyi fiye da NPH, kuma suna da wasu siffofi kamar na hallucinations na gani.
Wani matsala shi ne cewa samun NPH baya hana mutane daga ciwon ƙarin ciwo, musamman ma cutar Alzheimer .
Daga tsakanin 20 zuwa 60 bisa dari na mutanen da ke fama da kwakwalwa ta kwakwalwa a lokacin da aka sanya su a cikin shunt an samo su don samun alamun Alzheimer. Wadanda suke da fatan ganin damuwa da rashawa tare da raguwa ba za su iya zama kunya ba tun lokacin da Alzheimer ba ya inganta tare da irin wannan sukar.
Nazarin Neuropsychological da Laboratory
Matakan farko na ganewar asali na NPH zai iya mayar da hankali akan bayyanar cututtuka kamar lalata. Kayan aiki na yau da kullum zai hada da nazarin binciken binciken jini game da haddasa ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar bitamin B12 rashi ko maganin thyroid.
Za a yi gwaje-gwajen neuropsychological don tabbatar da kasancewar matsaloli masu hankali, kodayake babu gwajin da zai iya tabbatar da NPH. Ƙididdigar da suka dace da NPH sun haɗa da jinkirin kan ayyukan aiki na lokaci da rashin talauci a kan ɗawainiyar kulawa da zartarwa. Sauran cututtuka, duk da haka, irin su ciwon jini ko Lement jikin jiki, zai iya haifar da irin wannan canje-canjen a gwaji.
Hanyoyin Hanya na Magnetic don Bincike NPH
A takaice dai, marasa lafiya tare da matsa lamba mai yawa na hydrocephalus zasu sami manyan ventricles a kan wani binciken neuroimaging kamar kamfanin fuska mai mahimmanci (MRI) ko nazarin kwaikwayo (CT) . Hanyoyin kasuwa sukan kara girma yayin da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin tsufa ko kuma wasu ƙyama, amma a cikin NPH ƙaddamarwar ventricular ba ta dace da wancan na kwakwalwa ba.
Wannan shi ne, duk da haka, wani abu na hukunci ya kira wani ɓangare na likitan neurologist kuma zalunta likita, da kuma ra'ayi na iya bambanta akan wannan batu. Wasu samfurori da aka buga na ventriculomegaly wanzu kuma zasu iya jagorancin shawarwarin likita a wasu lokuta, amma waɗannan jagororin ba a amince da su ba.
Wasu MRI a marasa lafiya tare da NPH sun nuna alamar ragewa inda CSF ke gudana jefa wani tashar fili wanda ake kira Sylvian aqueduct ta hanyar kwakwalwa. Wannan zaton ana wakiltar yawan hawan gudu. Duk da yake ana iya ambaci wannan bincike, yawancin karatun ba su nuna bambanci a tsakanin wannan binciken da ingantawa ba bayan da ba a ɗauka ba.
MRI yana da amfani wajen kimanta cutar kututtukan launin fata wanda zai iya zama saboda cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini. A gefe guda, siginar ya canza a kan MRI a kusa da ventricles na iya wakiltar kowace cuta na jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta ko ƙin ruwa saboda NPH kanta. Yawancin karatu sun nuna cewa akwai ƙananan yiwuwar zama kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar gujewa idan akwai wasu lahani na launin fata, ko da yake wallafe-wallafen ya bambanta a kan wannan. Amsar da za ta rage don kaucewa marasa lafiya tare da cutar kututtukan launin fata na iya zama saboda alamar farar fata tana nuna wani ci gaba na NPH, ko kuma wani cuta daban-daban, kamar lalatacciyar kwari.
Cire CSF don Tattaunawa al'ada Dalilan Hydrocephalus
Matsayin "ma'auni na zinari" na bincikar NPH shine inganta cigaban bayyanar cututtuka da ventricular shunting. Wannan misali bai zama mara amfani ba, ko da yake, tun da yake don bayar da shawarar hanyar da ba ta da haɗari kamar shunt sanyawa dole likita ya rigaya ya kasance da tabbacin cewa mai haƙuri yana da NPH. Har ila yau, babu wani yarjejeniya game da abin da ke nuna babban ci gaba a cikin bayyanar cututtuka, ko kuma tsawon lokacin da za a jira bayan an saka shi kafin a sake ganin waɗannan cigaban. Bugu da ƙari, matsalar rashin talauci don kaucewa na iya kasancewa saboda matsalolin da ba zato ba tsammani - alal misali, mai haƙuri zai iya samun ƙarin damuwa.
Saboda ƙaddamarwa na ɓataccen abu ne mai banƙyama, ƙananan hanyoyi na CSF cire yawanci ƙoƙari na farko don tabbatar da yiwuwar ingantaccen mai haƙuri tare da shunt. Wadannan fasahohi sun haɗa da lakabi na lumbar ko ruwan wutan lumbar. Bugu da ƙari, babu daidaituwa ga abin da ke nuna babban ci gaba, yana barin likitoci su dogara da hukunci da kuma 'yan kananan ka'idoji.
Ana iya yin fitilar lumbar a ofishin likita kuma ya haɗa da cirewa mai girma CSF (tsakanin 30 zuwa 50 cubic centimeters). Mafi yawan al'ada ita ce tafiya a cikin marasa lafiya, tare da sauri gait da sauri da tsayi. Za a iya gwada gwaje-gwaje na gwaji, ciki har da gwaje-gwaje da hankali da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Ingantawa akan waɗannan ma'auni minti 30 zuwa rabi na sa'a bayan wannan hanya zai nuna wani amfãni don kaucewa.
Hanyar da ta bambanta ta haɗa da gyaran ruwa na wucin gadi a cikin sarari na lumbar, ta hanyar da CSF zai iya sa a kusan kimanin 5 zuwa 10 milliliters a kowace awa. Nazarin sun nuna cewa wannan zai zama kyakkyawan hanyar yin la'akari da wadanda za su karɓa don kaucewa, kodayake wasu binciken sun nuna cewa marasa lafiya da yawa wadanda basu inganta tare da ruwa ba har yanzu suna iya inganta tare da shunting.
Hanyoyin da aka yi amfani dashi da yawa don bincikar NPH sun haɗa da saka idanu na intracranial ko gwajin jita-jitar CSF, amma cin zarafin waɗannan hanyoyin ƙayyade amfani da su. Cisternography, wanda ke amfani da radioisotopes don bincikawa CSF, ba a nuna shi a hango hasashe sakamakon tare da sanyawa shunt. Sauran fasaha na fasaha irin su sababbin hanyoyin fasahar MRI ko ƙananan ƙwayoyin photon CT (SPECT) na buƙatar ƙarin bincike don kafa samfurorin da zasu iya amfani da shi a NPH ganewa.
Layin Ƙasa
Sakamakon ganewa na NPH ya dogara ne da tarihin mai hankali da jarrabawar jiki don fara cire wasu cututtukan da zasu iya haifar da irin wannan rashin tausayi, rashin daidaituwa, da rashin ciwon urinaryar. MIL zai nuna manyan kamfanonin da aka kiyasta cewa basu dace da sauran kwakwalwa ba, kuma zasu iya cire wasu bayanan likita. Harkar lumbar ko lumbar ramin da ke kaiwa ga cigaba da alama alama ce mafi kyau game da NPH na gaskiya wadda za ta iya amfana daga wurin sakawa ta hanyar neurosurgeon.
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DISCLAIMER: Bayanin ilimi a wannan shafin shine don dalilai na ilimi kawai. Bai kamata a yi amfani dashi don maye gurbin kulawa ta sirri daga likitan lasisi. Don Allah a ga likitan ku don ganewar asali da kuma maganin duk wani abu game da bayyanar cututtuka ko yanayin kiwon lafiya .