Dama na Ƙara Cutar Intracranial Ƙarawa a cikin Brain
Mene ne yake nufi idan mutum ya kara matsa lamba? Mene ne bayyanar cututtuka na matsa lamba intracranial, abin da ke haifar da shi, kuma yaya aka bi ta? Mene ne zai iya faruwa a kwakwalwa idan matsa lamba a kai yana da tsayi?
Ƙunƙarar Intracranial Maɗaukaki - Definition
Harkokin intracranial shine ma'auni na matsa lamba a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma kewaye da ruwa.
Lokacin da wannan ƙarar ya karu saboda wani dalili - ko saboda zubar da jini a cikin kwakwalwa (ciwon jini), wani kamuwa da cuta, ko rauni kansa - kwakwalwa na iya zama mummunar lalacewa. A gaskiya ma, matsin lamba na intracranial yana daya daga cikin matsalolin da ya fi damuwa game da raunin cututtukan zuciya. Bari mu bayyana dalilin da yasa.
Brain, Cerebrospinal fluid, da kuma Intracranial Pressure
Kullin, lokacin da kake tunani game da shi, ba babban abu bane. A cikin waɗannan ƙananan inci na kasusuwa kashi ne duk abin da kuke tunawa, kowane hali na mutuntaka, kowane ɗayan basirarku na musamman ko kayan halayenku, duk an gudanar da su a ƙananan kaya na kwakwalwa.
Kamar yadda ƙananan wannan wuri yake, kwakwalwa ya raba shi. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) yana kewaye da kwakwalwa, ƙetare da kuma kare kwakwalwa daga kwance a kan kwanyar tare da kowane nauyin kai. Jinin yana gudana a cikin fili na intracranial, kuma yana samar da kwakwalwa tare da iskar oxygen da yake bukata da kuma kawar da kwakwalwa ta hanyar haɗari mai guba.
Sauran abubuwa na jiki dole su raba wurare, amma waɗannan yankunan ba a haɗa su sosai kamar yadda kwakwalwa take ba. Akwai ƙananan buɗewa daga cikin kwanyar ta hanyar da jijiyoyin daji da na kashin baya zasu iya tafiya. Baya ga wannan, babu hanyar shiga ko waje daga wannan fili intracranial.
Duk wannan yana da kyau a rayuwar yau da kullum.
Abu ne mai kyau cewa kwakwalwarmu tana da kyau kariya ta irin wannan kwalkwali na halitta, ko kuma zamu iya zama mummunar rauni ga kowane nau'i na kwakwalwa. Matsalolin tashi, duk da haka, lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwa uku na fili na intracranial yana buƙatar ƙarin daki. Wadannan abubuwan sun hada da:
- Hanyoyin intracranial
- Nau'in kwakwalwa
- Cerebrospinal ruwa
Idan wani abu yana buƙatar karin sarari, wani abu kuma ya ba. Da farko, ana aiwatar da abubuwa masu ƙyama tsakanin waɗannan abubuwa uku. Lokacin da wannan ba zai yiwu ba, duk da haka, tun da yake wannan yana faruwa a cikin rikicewa na kwanyar, jinin intracranial zai fara hanzari.
Menene Yasa Ya Kamata Ƙarawar Intracranial Mai Girma?
Akwai wasu matakai daban-daban da kuma hanyoyin da zasu haifar da karuwa a cikin matsin intracranial.
Wani lokaci, wani abu yana cikin kai cewa bai kasance a can ba. Misalan sun hada da ciwon kwakwalwa , jini saboda cutar kwakwalwa cikin kwakwalwa. Wasu lokuta kamuwa da cuta ko kuma kumburi ya haifar da kumburi da turawa cikin kwakwalwa.
Sauran lokuta, hanyar da aka saba amfani da shi a cikin kogin intracranial yana katsewa. Alal misali, CSF yakan sauko daga ventricles a tsakiya na kwakwalwa ta hanyar ƙananan buɗewa da ake kira foramina. Idan wannan ƙwayar CSF an katange ta wata hanya, kuma ana cigaba da yin CSF, matsa lamba zai gina.
Wasu matsalolin haɗari ga matsa lamba intracranial sun hada da:
- Tashin rauni
- Tumors irin su ciwon kwakwalwa ko metastases zuwa kwakwalwa daga wasu ciwace-ciwacen daji
- Yaduwar jini, ko dai yaduwar jini ko jinin jini
- Ischemic bugun jini
- Hydrocephalus
- Cutar cututtuka irin su meningitis da encephalitis
Wasu lokuta akwai karuwa a matsa lamba na intracranial don dalilan da ba a sani ba. Wannan ake kira "numfashi" ƙin intracranial hawanta.
Menene alamomi da cututtuka na Ginar Intracranial Mai Girma?
Matsayi na intracranial na al'ada shi ne wani wuri tsakanin 8 zuwa 20 millimeters na mercury (mm Hg). Duk wani fiye da wannan da kuma tsarin a kwakwalwa zai fara farawa.
Ɗaya daga cikin sassan farko shine jin nauyin shine kyallen takalmin da aka sani da sunan meninges dake kewaye da kwakwalwa. Kodayake kwakwalwar kanta ba ta da masu karɓar jin zafi, meninges zai iya kashe wuta da sakonnin da ke haifar da mummunan ciwon kai.
Babban matsa lamba intracranial sau da yawa yakan haifar da ciwon zuciya ko maɗaukakiyar matsa lamba a kai yayin kwance; saboda ƙarfin intracranial mai girma ya inganta ta hanyar tashi da damuwa ta hanyar kwance. Tsayawa na iya barin wasu matsalolin zuwa sauka a kashin kashin, yayin da kwanciya ta fice daga ƙananan digiri, ya haifar da matsa lamba mai girma da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa.
Wani tsarin da za'a iya tasiri a yayin da kutsawar intracranial ya taso ne ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, jijiyoyin da ke tafiya daga baya na ido (retina) zuwa kwakwalwa inda aka fahimci hangen nesa (lobes occipital). Mutanen da ke dauke da babban ICP na iya fara kokawa game da hangen nesan su kamar yadda jijiyoyi masu rauni suka lalace. Bugu da ƙari, asarar gani, sau da yawa ɓataccen fili na gani kuma likita na iya lura da maganin rubutu a kan jarrabawa-idan likita ya yi amfani da kayan aiki kusa da kayan aikin da ke kallon kunnuwanku don kalli idanu na idanu. Idan ba a daidaita matsa lamba na intracranial ba a cikin lokaci mai yawa, hangen nesa na dindindin zai iya haifar.
Wasu bayyanar cututtuka na ƙarar ƙwayar intracranial zai iya haɗa da tashin hankali da zubar da ciki, canje-canje na hali, da kuma samowa. Canje-canje a halin tunanin mutum, irin su barci da ƙarshe ya zama alama mai tsanani.
A cikin jariran, alamar haɓakar intracranial ƙarawa shi ne tayar da launin fontanelle (wani wuri mai laushi) da kuma wani lokaci rabuwa da sutures (maɗaura a kan kwanyar jariri.)
Rarraba na Ƙarawar Intracranial Mai Girma
Har ma fiye da game da lalacewar ƙwayar ido (kuma sakamakon lalacewar hangen nesa) shine yadda ICP zai iya tasiri kwakwalwa kanta. Lokacin da matsalolin tashi a cikin ɓangaren kwanyar, kwakwalwa za a iya turawa zuwa wani wuri na matsa lamba. Lobes na kwakwalwa suna rabu da nau'i na nama. Alal misali, hagu na hagu yana rabu da gefen dama a saman kwakwalwa ta hanyar nama wanda ake kira gwaninta mara kyau. Idan zubar da jini a cikin hagu na hagu ya haifar da isasshen matsa lamba, zai iya tura kwakwalwa a cikin hagu na hagu a ƙarƙashin gwaninta maras kyau, ta murkushe jikin kwakwalwa da kuma hanawa jini. Cutar lahani da bugun jini zai iya haifar.
Hakazalika, ƙwayar motar ta rabu da sauran kwakwalwa ta hanyar membrane. Idan matsalolin ya gina sama da membrane, kwakwalwar kwakwalwa za a iya turawa ta hanyar karamin bude a kusa da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, ta haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa. Wannan zai iya haifar da ciwon kamuwa da cuta, hawaye, da mutuwa.
Binciken Ƙarawar Intracranial Maɗaukaki
Za a iya gano ƙwayar intracranial mai girma da yawa a hanyoyi daban-daban. Kwayar cututtuka da aka ambata a sama na iya bayar da shawarar cewa girman hawan. Binciken asusu na ido zai iya bayyana papilledema. Kullin kafar na ƙila za ta iya ba da bayani game da matsa lamba intracranial, ko da yake wannan zai iya zama haɗari idan matsa lamba yana da yawa.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta auna matakan intracranial ita ce ta saka sa ido a ƙarƙashin kwanyar. Wannan hanya yana samar da ci gaba da karatun intracranial matsa lamba. Da wasu ciwon kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa ko kuma tare da cututtukan kwakwalwa na ciwon rauni an saka shi a hankali.
Zaɓuɓɓukan magani don Ƙara Cutar Intracranial Ƙara
Ya kamata a yanzu ya bayyana cewa ƙarfin intracranial da aka dauka zai iya zama haɗari. Duk da haka, masu ilimin neurologists su ne gwani sosai a bincikar cutar da kuma sau da yawa magance wannan yanayin, wanda yake shi ne na yau da kullum maganin lissafi ga mutane da yawa marasa lafiya marasa lafiya.
Yawancin lokaci, matsalolin intracranial kan 20 zuwa 25 suna bi da hankali.
Abin farin ciki, masu bincike ba su da hanyoyi masu yawa don gudanar da babban ICP lokacin da lokaci yake. Duk da yake babu abin da aka tabbatar, dacewar saƙo zai iya hana tsangwama.
Manufar farko ita ce tabbatar da mai haƙuri, samar da sutura idan an buƙata, kuma ya rage zafi. Idan karuwa ba shi da ƙananan ƙwayoyi, matakan da ya dace kamar ɗaga kansa zai iya rage matsin intracranial zuwa ƙananan digiri ta hanyar barin jinin a wuyansa ya koma cikin zuciya.
Mataki na gaba shine kara girman ɗakin a cikin kwakwalwa don nau'in naman ƙwayar cuta. Nasara irin su mannitol ko salmon hypertonic ana ba da su yayin da suke zub da ruwa a cikin jini da kuma daga kwakwalwa. Magungunan ƙwayar cuta na iya rage karuwa a kwakwalwa. Magunguna irin su acetazolamide na iya rage jinkirin samar da ruwan sanyi. Idan mai hakuri ya kasance a kan wani motsi, ana samun karuwar numfashi na numfashi. Sashe na uku hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na iya haɗawa da hypothermia, maye gurbin zuciya, ko craniectomy. Craniectomy ya hada da cire wani ɓangare na kwanyar don ya ba wa kwakwalwa daki don fadadawa yayin da yake kumbura.
Ƙara koyo game da likita da kuma magani na ƙin intracranial hawan .
Fahimtarwar Ƙarawar Intracranial Mai Girma
Mahimmancin matsa lamba na intracranial hawan zai iya bambanta, ya danganta da mahimmancin motsi, yadda girman matsa lamba ya taso, da kuma tsawon lokacin da ake matsa lamba. Zai kuma dogara ne akan takamaiman maganin da ake amfani dasu.
Ƙarƙashin Ruwa a kan Ƙinƙarar Cutar Intracranial
Matsanancin ciwon intracranial abu ne mai mahimmanci da wahala mai yawa na yanayin da ya shafi kwakwalwa. Wannan ya ce, farawa da sanarwa na farko da zai iya magance matsalolin. Idan kana fuskantar wannan damuwa tare da ƙaunataccen, ka tambayi tambayoyi. Duk wani damuwa na likita zai iya zama mai firgita, amma abin da ya shafi ikonmu na tunani da koyi da mafarki na daukar nauyin damuwa. Fahimtar abin da ke faruwa da abin da matakai na gaba zai iya taimaka maka ka jimre yayin da kake fuskantar wannan matsala mai wuya.
Sources
- Czosnyka, M., Pickard, J., da L. Steiner. Ka'idojin Kulawa da Kulawa da Kulawa ta Intracranial. Littafin Jagora na Magungunan Bincike na Clinical . 2017. 140: 67-89.
- de Oliveira Manoel, A., Goffi, A., Zampieri, F. et al. Gudanar da Kulawa na Kula da Harshen Cutar Jima'i: Wani Nazari na yau. Mahimmanci . 2016. 20: 272.
- Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, da Stephen L .. Hauser. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Education, 2015. Print.