Cutar cututtuka, ganewar asali, Jiyya, da Fassara
Magungunan ƙwayar cuta a cikin huhu yana nufin cewa ciwon daji daga wani yanki na jiki ya yada zuwa ga huhu.
Wani lokaci na ciwon daji na ciwon ƙwayar cutar zuwa ga huhu shi ne ciwon daji na biyu a cikin huhu, domin ciwon daji na farko shi ne wurin a cikin jiki inda ciwon daji ya fara ko samo asali.
Alal misali, idan ciwon nono ya yada zuwa ga huhu, za'a kira shi ciwon daji tare da metastasis zuwa ga huhu, ko ciwon nono da ƙwayar cuta na huhu.
Ba za a kira shi ciwon daji na huhu ba domin idan kayi kallon kwayar cutar kwayar halitta a karkashin wani microscope, za ka ga cewa su kwayoyin nono ne, ba kwayoyin huhu ba.
A matsayin muhimmin mahimmanci, idan kuna neman bayanai game da ciwon daji wanda zai fara a cikin huhu sannan kuma ya yada zuwa wasu sassan jiki, duba samfurori (mataki na 4) ciwon huhu na huhu .
Bayani na Ciwon daji na Metastatic zuwa Lambobi
Mai yiwuwa ka yi mamakin fahimtar cewa gwangwadon ƙwayoyin turbaya ba su da yawa, suna faruwa a kashi 30 zuwa 55 na ciwon daji na ci gaba. Duk da yake kusan kowace ciwon daji zai iya yadawa ga huhu, wasu sun fi dacewa da wasu suyi haka. Tare da wannan, yawan ciwon daji wanda ya fi dacewa da ciwon daji wanda ya hadu da huhu ya hada da:
- Ciwon daji na bladder
- Ciwon daji na nono:
- Ciwon kankara
- Ciwon daji
- Melanoma
- Oganian ciwon daji
- Ciwon daji na Pancreatic
- Ciwon ƙwayar cuta
- Ciwon daji
- Cutar ciwo
- Ciwon daji na thyroid
- Ciwon daji na mahaifa
Lokaci-lokaci, likitoci basu iya sanin inda shafin farko na ciwon daji yake ba.
A wannan yanayin, suna komawa ga ciwon daji kamar ciwon daji na asali ba tare da samuwa da kwayoyin cutar ga huhu ba.
Yaya Cutar Cancer ta yada
Yayinda za'a iya tunanin kwayoyin halitta a matsayin "m," tun da suna da kwayoyin adhe da ke riƙe su a wuri ɗaya, kwayoyin cututtuka sun bambanta . Ba su sa wadannan kwayoyin adhe, suna ba su kyauta da tafiya kamar yadda suke so.
Lokacin tafiya, ciwon daji zai iya kai tsaye zuwa ga huhu, irin su ciwon daji da ke farawa a cikin esophagus ko bangon kirji. Amma yawancin kwayoyin cututtuka suna tafiya ne a kaikaice, ta hanyoyi guda uku :
- Bloodstream (wanda ake kira hawan jini): Ciwon daji zai iya "laka" a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini kusa da ciwon sukari sannan a kai su ga huhu ta hanyar jigilar jini.
- Lymphatics: Tumakin Kwayoyin Tumatir zai iya shiga cikin ƙananan ƙananan jirgi kuma tafiya tare da hanyoyi na lymph (ciki har da ƙwayoyin lymph).
- Gwaran labaran da kuma yaduwar iska ya yadu: Maganar tana nufin membranes kewaye da huhu. Irin wannan yaduwa ne sau da yawa ana iyakance ga ciwon huhu na huhu kuma ba ta da yawa.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na Metastases Lung
Rashin ganyayyun hanzari na yau da kullum ba sa haifar da wani bayyanar cututtuka. Lokacin da wannan lamarin ya faru, ana iya gano masanan ganyayyaki a kan gwaji na rediyo, kamar CT scan, yayi don neman yaduwar cutar ciwon daji.
Idan bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance, suna da kama da alamun cutar ciwon huhu na farko , kamar:
- Mawuyacin tari
- Cutar da jini (wanda ake kira hemoptysis) ko jini sputum
- Pain a cikin kirji, kafada , da baya
- Rawancin numfashi
- Halin ƙananan yanayin oxygen (wanda ake kira hypoxemia)
- Halin da ake ciki
Tun da ciwon ciwon daji na ƙwayar cutar yana nuna cewa cutar ta farko ta yada ta jiki, bayyanar cututtuka irin su gajiya, rashin asarar rashin daidaituwa , da rage yawan ciwon nama sunada ma.
Binciken asalin Lung Metastases
Idan likitanku ake zargi da cewa kuna da matattun ƙwayoyin huhu, akwai gwaje-gwaje da dama da ta iya la'akari. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Hakanan x-ray (wani nau'in x-ray yana iya sauƙin kananan metastases)
- CT scan daga cikin kirji
- PET dubawa
- Kwayar daji (ko dai wata kwayar kofa mai amfani ko kuma ƙwaƙwalwar kwalliya)
- Tattaunawa game da ruwa mai zurfi idan an sami cikakken bayani
- Bronchoscopy
Sakamakon waɗannan nazarin hotunan na iya samar da cikakken shaida na metastases, ko da yake za a buƙaci biopsy don tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Jiyya na Metastases Lung
Jiyya don cutar ciwon daji zuwa ga huhu shine yawancin ciwon magunguna, ko asalin ciwon daji.
Wadannan jiyya na iya haɗawa da maganin hormonal, maganin kwantar da hankali, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, ko haɗuwa da jiyya.
Chemotherapy ne sau da yawa magani na zabi, da kuma yawanci aka ba a matsayin magani palliative , wanda shine farfado da aka ba da tsawo rayuwa da kuma rage alamun bayyanar. Yau ba magani ba ne don maganin ciwon daji. Duk da haka, a lokuta da yawa, kamar na ciwon daji na gwajin maganin ƙwayar cuta a cikin huhu, chemotherapy na iya zama curative.
Lokaci-lokaci, an yi amfani da maganin ƙwayar ƙwayar jikin huhu (wanda ake kira metastasectomy). Domin wannan zai zama tasiri, likitanku zai so ya tabbatar cewa an cire gaba ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan ƙwayarku, da kuma cewa dukkanin metastases suna iya yin amfani da su ta hanyar fasaha (an cire su). Lokacin da wannan lamarin ya faru, metastasectomy zai iya inganta rayuwarka.
Bugu da ƙari, aikin tiyata, radar radiotherapy na stereotactic (SBRT) , wanda ake magana da ita ta hanyar kalmomi kamar "cyberknife," ana amfani dashi a wasu lokuta don magance metastases zuwa ga huhu daga ciwon daji a wasu sassan.
Faɗakarwa na Lung Metastases
Abin takaici, ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa ga huhu (da ake kira ciwon daji 4) ba shi da mawuyaci. Wannan ya ce, sau da yawa sau da yawa, kuma likitanku zai yi magana da ku game da jiyya wanda zai iya ƙarfafa rayuwarku, da kuma ba ku mafi kyawun rayuwa mai yiwuwa.
Rayuwar rayuwa, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin yawan mutanen da suke rayuwa shekaru biyar ko fiye bayan da aka gano ciwon daji, sun bambanta bisa ga ƙananan ciwon sukari. Alal misali, rayuwa ta fi girma ga ciwace-ciwon daji kamar ciwon daji wanda ya yadu zuwa ga huhu (kashi 73 cikin dari na rayuwar shekaru 5) kuma mafi ƙasƙanci ga ciwon sukari kamar melanoma wanda ya yada zuwa ga huhu (kashi 15 zuwa 20 cikin dari na rayuwar shekaru 5).
Halin da ke nan shi ne cewa akwai yiwuwar bayyanar da ciwon daji tare da ƙwayoyin cuta na huhu zai inganta a nan gaba. Tuni wasu ciwon daji 4 suka amsa wa jiyya, irin su immunotherapy , a hanyoyi da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin 'yan shekarun baya.
Kalma Daga
A takaice, ƙwayoyin ƙwayar daji ko ciwon daji na metastatic zuwa ƙwayar cuta yana faruwa ne yayin da ciwon daji ya samo asali a wani sashi na jiki, kamar nono ko madararriya, yada zuwa ga huhu. Yawancin mutane da ƙwayoyin cuta na huhu ba su da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, amma suna iya samun tari, zafi, ko hemoptysis.
A ƙarshe dai, ƙwayoyin da ake amfani da su a cikin ƙwayoyin jiki ana yawanci su zama wani ɓangare na tsarin farfadowa na ciwon daji na farko, kuma yayin da ciwon cututtuka ba su da mawuyacin hali (akwai ƙananan bambance-bambance), magungunan na iya bunkasa rayuwa da inganta rayuwar rayuwa ta hanyar sarrafa maganin.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Ciwon Ƙwayar Yammacin Amirka. (2016). Yaduwar cutar Kanjamau.
> Bartlett EK et al. Yunƙurin da ake samu a cikin kwayar cutar ta hanyar ciwon daji a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Ciwon daji . 2015 Mar 1; 121 (5): 747-57.
> Miller, K., Siegel, R., Lin, C. et al. Ƙungiyar Cancer da Lissafin Tallafawa, 2016. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians . 2016. 66 (4): 271-289.
> Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. (2017). Ciwon ƙwayar cuta.
> Wang, H., Zhang, C., Zhang, J. et al. Binciken Bincike na Daban Daban Daban Daban Dabbobi Da Dabbobi Masu Maganin Ƙwayar Ƙwayar Ƙwayar Ƙwayar Ƙwayar Ƙwayar cuta: Nazarin Binciken Bincike. Oncotarget . 2017. 8 (16): 26368-26379.