Ba a buƙatar amfani da biopsy
Ciwon daji (wanda ake kira carcinoma hepatocellular ) yana faruwa ne yayin da kwayoyin halitta masu haɗari suka fara girma ba tare da fahimta ba. Kullum magana, ganewar asibiti na ciwon hanta ya ƙunshi matakai na gaba-bincike na jiki, gwaje-gwajen jini, hoto da kuma wani lokacin biopsy.
Dangane da ko dai an gano ku ko a baya an gano shi tare da ciwo da hanta da kuma / ko cirrhosis , wanda shine lokacin da hanta ke bazuwa saboda rashin ciwon hanta, likitanku na iya cigaba da bambanci tare da bincikar cutar ciwon huhu.
Nazarin jiki
Bayan nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da cutar hanta (alal misali, ko kuna da tarihin cirrhosis ko tarihin shan barasa), idan likitanku yana da damuwa ga ciwon daji, zai kula da ƙwayarku, musamman ma gefen dama inda hanta yana located. Ƙari musamman, likitanku zai danna ƙasa ƙarƙashin gefen hawan ku don sanin ko an haɓaka hanta.
Kwararku zai nemi sauran alamun cutar cutar hanta na dogon lokaci (wanda ke ƙara yawan hadarin ciwon ciwon hanta) kamar:
- Ƙararren girma, wanda yake a cikin hagu na hagu na ciki
- Warkan gani a jikinka
- A ciki mai cika jiki, kumbura mai kumbura
- Shaidar jaundice (alal misali, yellowing da fararen ɓangaren ido
Labs
Akwai gwajin jini da yawa na likita zai iya yin umurni don taimakawa wajen bincikar cutar ciwon huhu da kuma gano dalilin da zai iya ciwon ciwon daji.
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Alamar Tumo
AFP shi ne furotin da ke da tayi a cikin tayi amma ya kasance a kananan matakan bayan haihuwa.
Harsar da sakamakon binciken gwagwarmaya na AFP naka zai iya zama tricky. Ga daya, mutum zai iya samun ciwon huhu da hanta kuma matakin AFP zai iya zama al'ada (ba a tashi ba tukuna). Bugu da ƙari, za a iya ɗaukaka matsayi mai girma na AFP don wasu dalilai banda ciwon hanta (misali, cirrhosis ko ciwon daji na yau da kullum).
Sashin kasa shine cewa yayin da gwajin taimako, matakin AFP ba gwajin jini ne don tabbatar da cutar ciwon hanta ba - yana kawai yanki guda ɗaya.
Watsawar Cirrhosis
Idan jarrabawar jiki ko gwajin hoto ya nuna cewa kana da ciwon hanta da kuma / ko cirrhosis, amma ba a riga an ƙaddamar da dalilin ba, likita zai umurci jerin samo jini. Alal misali, zai umurce gwaje-gwajen jini don bincika kamuwa da cuta tare da hepatitis B da C. Zai iya yin umurni da tsari na ferritin da ƙarfe don bincika hemochromatosis , wani mawuyacin hanyar cirrhosis.
Gwaje-gwajen Harkokin Wuta (LFTs)
LFTs sun ƙunshi jerin gwaje-gwaje na jini wanda ya ba likitocinka ra'ayin yadda yaduwar hanta ke aiki. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje na iya taimakawa likitan ku fitar da mafi kyawun magunguna don ciwon ciwon hanta. Alal misali, idan ciwon hanta naka ne ƙananan kuma ya ƙunshi kuma hanta ya bayyana yana aiki sosai, to, cire cire ciwon daji ta hanyar tiyata zai iya zama wani zaɓi mai kyau.
Sauran Tests
Kwararka na iya umurni wasu gwaje-gwajen jini don sanin yadda sauran sassan jikinka suke aiki. Alal misali, zai iya yin umurni da gwaje-gwaje na jini wanda ya kimanta yadda kodanka ke aiki. Bugu da ƙari, tun da ciwon ciwon hanta zai iya tasiri da jini na glucose, calcium, da platelets , waɗannan gwaje-gwaje za a iya ba da umurni.
Hoto
Yin gwajin hoto yana da mahimmanci don bincikar cutar ciwon huhu.
Duban dan tayi
Na farko gwajin da mutum zai iya sha shi ne duban dan tayi. A lokacin duban dan tayi, za a yi nazari a hankali a jikinka don ganin idan akwai wasu wurare dake cikin hanta.
CT Scans da MRIs
Idan ana ganin taro a kan duban dan tayi, za a gwada gwajin da ta fi dacewa kamar kwaikwayon da aka lissafta (CT scan) da / ko hoton da ke cikin hanta (MRI) na hanta don bada cikakken bayani game da taro, kamar:
- Girma
- Yankin hanta
- Yada zuwa jini ko kusa da wasu sassa na ciki
Wadannan gwaje-gwaje na hotunan zasu iya ba da bayani game da irin nau'in taro ba, yana nufin ko taro ba shi da kyau (wanda ba a iya yi ba) ko m (cancerous).
Angiography
A ƙarshe, za'a iya yin amfani da CT angiography ko MRI ta hanyar samar da hoto na arteries wanda ke bada jini ga hanta. Don wannan gwaji, zaka buƙaci samfurin IV da aka sanya a cikin hannunka don yanda za'a iya yin amfani da dye a lokacin CT scan ko MRI.
Biopsy
A lokacin hawan kwayar cutar hanta, an sanya wani allura ta fata ta jikinka a cikin hanta. Don rage girman rashin jin dadin jiki, yankin fata inda ake buƙatar inganci yana ƙididdigewa. Ana cire sẹẹli daga taro sannan kuma likita (wanda ake kira likita) ya bincika don ganin ko ciwon daji yake.
Wani lokaci ana yin biopsy na hanta a lokacin aikin tiyata (wanda ake kira m biopsy). Tare da wannan nau'in kwayar halitta, an cire wani daga cikin taro ko duka taro kuma an gwada shi don ciwon daji.
Yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa sau da yawa wani biopsy ba a buƙatar yin sarauta a (ko fitar) da ganewar cutar ciwon huhu ba. Wannan shi ne saboda CT scan da / ko MRI na iya samar da shaida mai yawa cewa taro yana da ƙyama ko a'a.
A wannan misali, kauce wa biopsy yana da kyau, saboda akwai damuwa cewa cire kwayoyin cututtuka daga wani taro na iya "iri" wuraren da ke kusa da ciwon daji. A wannan yanayin, yaduwar ciwon daji zai iya sa mutum wanda bai cancanci yin hawan hanta ba (wani zaɓi mai magani).
Ko da kuwa, wani lokacin wani biopsy wajibi ne don tabbatar da ganewar asali idan hotunan ba cikakke bane.
Binciken Bambanci
Yana da mahimmanci a faɗi cewa lalacewar ciwon daji a cikin hanta bazai zama ciwon ciwon hanta ba amma ya zama kututtuka daga wani ciwon daji. Alal misali, ciwon daji wanda ke yadawa ga hanta an kira ciwon ciwon ciwon ciwon sukari ne ko ciwon hanta na hanta. A wannan yanayin, likitanku na bukatar yin bincike akan abin da cutar ta farko take, idan ba a sani ba.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, san cewa akwai alamun bincike mai yawa na hanta, yana nufin ba lallai ciwon daji ba ne.
Misalan misalai biyu (wadanda basu iya yiwuwa) suna haifar da ƙwayoyin hanta sun haɗa da:
Hemangioma Hepatic
Hemangioma hepatic yana da jini na jini wanda shine mafi yawan nau'in hanta na hanta. Ba yakan haifar da bayyanar cututtuka ba, amma yana iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi na ciki, tagewa, ko farkon tashin hankali idan ya zama babban isa. Duk da yake hemanic hepatic ba yakan buƙaci magani, yana iya buƙatar a cire shi daga likitan likita idan ya karya bude kuma yana jin dadi, ko da yake wannan abu ne mai wuya.
Hepatic Adenoma
Adenoma mai cututtuka yana da ciwon hanta mai haɗari wanda bazai haifar da wata alama ba sai dai idan ya ci gaba ko yaɗa girma. A cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, adenoma na kutsawa zai iya zama cikin ciwon huhu, wanda shine dalilin da yasa aka cire shi gaba daya.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Cancer ta Amurka (2018). Gwaje-gwaje don Ciwon Cancer.
> Bruix J, Sherman M, {ungiyar {asashen Amirka don Nazarin Harkokin Ciwon Hudu. Hepatology . 2011 Mar, 53 (3): 1020-2. dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.24199
> Schwartz JM, Carithers RL. (2017). Bayanai na asibiti da kuma ganewar asali na ƙwayar ciwon hepatocellular. Chopra S, ed. Na zamani. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.