Ƙin fahimtar ƙaddara da halayen da ake yi na Tsarin Hanya
Sauye-sauyen hawan ne wasu lokuta ne kawai zaɓin magani don mutanen da ke da mummunan cutar ciwon hanta. Ci gaban ci gaban hanta ya haifar da tarin yawan rayuka, tare da 58% na wadanda suka karɓa suka rayu tsawon shekaru 15.
An fara yin gyare- gyaren hawan a ƙarshen shekarun 1960, duk da cewa sun kasance masu gwagwarmaya har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1980 lokacin da akwai wasu hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su da kuma hanyoyin da za su iya hana jigilar sutura.
Yau, sama da 6,000 hawan hanta ne ake yi kowace shekara.
Motsawa Dalili akan Tsarin Hanya
Saboda hanta canji yana da tsada kuma suna kawo hadarin gaske, likitoci sun ba da shawarar su ne kawai a matsayin makomar karshe. Wannan yana faruwa ne a lokacin da hanta bai daina aiki, kuma matsalolin lalacewar hanta ba za a iya sarrafawa ba.
Daga cikin abubuwan da ya fi dacewa don hanta hanta:
- Ƙararren ƙwararren ƙarewa daga kowane mawuyacin hali, ciki har da hepatitis B ko C, mahaifa na gishiri, da cututtukan hanta mai haɗari. Duk da yake cirrhosis kanta ba nuni ba ne ga dashi, alamun ƙididdiga (irin su kwakwalwa, sauye-zubar jini, ko hawan ascites ) sau da yawa yakan zama motsi.
- Wasu cututtuka masu hanta , ƙin cholangiocarcinoma, carcinoma hepatocellular (HCC), magungunan hepatocellular mallaka da kuma adenomas.
- Cikakken maganin kutsawa wanda ya dace da daya daga cikin wadanda suka kamu da cututtukan cututtuka (A, B, D da wuya C), rashin hanta hanta, maganin rashin lafiya, rashin lafiya na Wilson ko sauran abubuwan.
- Dysfunction mai tsanani na bile ducts, wanda ya haifar da biliary cirrhosis da sclerosing cholangitis.
Daidaitawa ga Tsarin Hanya
Ba abin mamaki bane, mutane suna bukatar hanta transplants fiye da akwai samuwa ga dashi. Saboda haka, masana kimiyya na kiwon lafiya sun kirkiro Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) , mai amfani da algorithm don tantance yawan cutar ciwon hanta da kuma taimakawa wajen taimakawa marasa lafiya don farawa.
Ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyi don tabbatarwa, ciki har da Milan Criteria , wanda ya cancanci mutum wanda ya fi dacewa akan girman da / ko kuma yawan ciwon hanta (watau, ba fiye da 5 centimeters ba, ko fiye da raunuka uku daidai da ko kasa da 3 santimita a cikin girman).
Kodayake ana iya daukan tsire-tsalle a duk wani mummunan yanayin da zai haifar dysfunction mai haɓaka da kuma dindindin, sau da yawa akwai ƙirar ƙira ga tsarin yanke shawara.
Ƙungiya a Amurka da ke da alhakin daidaitawa da mutane tare da masu haɗuwa da su shine Ƙungiyar Gudanar da Ƙungiya ta Duniya (UNOS). Kungiyar ba tare da riba ta aiki a karkashin kwangila don gwamnatin tarayya ta daidaita da kuma rarraba gabobin.
Contraindications for Transplantation
Contraindications don dasawa hanta su ne wadanda zasu iya ƙara yawan mutuwa ga mai karɓa ko zai iya haifar da gazawar ko kin amincewa da dashi. Daga cikin wasu daga cikin maƙasudin magungunan ƙwayoyi na dashi:
- Barasa mai barasa ko jarabawar abu
- Ciki mai tsanani ko cutar huhu
- Cancers (ba tare da wasu ciwon hanta ba ko kuma wadanda basu da ciwon nama ba)
- Mawuyaci da ƙananan lahani na haihuwa wanda zai haifar da mutuwa
- Wasu cututtuka marasa lafiya ko cututtukan rai
Har ila yau, akwai wasu maƙasudin maƙaryata , wanda ake kira saboda suna iya ko ba su haifar da magani ba bisa ga kima ɗaya ko wasu dalilai, ciki har da:
- Yawan shekaru (tsufa fiye da shekaru 65)
- Koda gazawar
- Ƙuntataccen kiba
- Mai gina jiki mai tsanani
- HIV (ko da yake kasa da wani fitowar ga marasa lafiya tare da ciwon hoto hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri)
- Babban hauhawar jini na huhu
- Mai tsanani, marasa lafiya (ko marasa lafiya) marasa lafiya
Sources:
Ƙungiyar Aminiya ta Amirka. "Ƙarin Bayanin Gida." New York, New York; sabunta Janairu 15, 2015.
Duffy, J .; Vardanian, A .; Biliyaminu, E; et al. "Tsarin Juyawa na Juye Hanyoyin Cutar Kwayar Cikin Cikin Ciwon Yaro." Annals na Tiyata. Satumba 2007; 246 (3): 502-511.
Iruzubieta, P .; Crespo, J; da kuma Fabrega, E. "Rayuwa mai tsawo lokacin da aka safar da sutura don kare cututtuka." Jaridar Duniya ta Gastroenterology. Disamba 28, 2013; 19 (48): 9198-9208