Karyotype na chromosomes zai iya gano kowane ɓarna
A cikin kowane kwayoyin halitta, daga mutane zuwa tsire-tsire, ƙananan gine-gine ne da aka sani da kwayoyin halitta. Wadannan kwayoyin sun bambanta da nau'in jinsi da kuma cikin kowane mutum, dabba, ko shuka kanta. A cikin waɗannan kwayoyin sunada chromosomes wanda ke dauke da DNA, tsari na yadda muke aiki. Wasu lokuta, ko dai don samun kyakkyawar fahimtar yadda muke aiki ko gano asalin yanayin kiwon lafiya, hoto, wanda ake kira da karyotype , an ɗaukar mu na chromosomes.
Karyotype ita ce hanyar da ta fi dacewa wajen nazarin chromosomes na mutum. Ana iya yin shi akan kowane jikin ɗan adam amma an fi sau da yawa a kan jini, fata, ruwa mai amniotic, ko zabin juyayi. An dauki salula zuwa lab, girma ko al'ada, sanya nunin faifai, hoto, da kuma nazari.
Abin da Karyotype zai iya faɗa maka?
Karyotype zai iya gaya muku yawancin chromosomes mutum yana da tsarin tsarin kowannensu chromosome. Saboda karyotype yana ba ka bayani game da kowane masanan, yana iya gaya maka jima'i na mutum. Idan kimanin X na biyu sun kasance, to, namiji mace ne. Idan X da Y yuwuwar sun kasance, to, namiji namiji ne.
Saboda karyotype yana ba da bayani game da yawan adadin chromosomes da ke ciki, zai iya tantance yanayin irin su Down syndrome - kasancewar wani karin adadi na 21 (47 chromosomes cikin duka, maimakon 46). Karyotype kuma yayi la'akari da tsarin kowanne chromosome, don haka zai iya fada idan mutum yana ɗauke da matsalolin chromosome irin su fassarar ko sharewa.
(Kimanin kashi 2 zuwa 3 cikin ƙananan cututtuka na Down syndrome ne saboda wani sassauci wanda ya ƙunshi kalma mai lamba 21.)
Ta yaya Karyotype Ya Bambanta Daga Yin Mahimmanci na FISH?
Karyotype ya bambanta da nazarin samfurori a cikin wuri (FISH) wanda yayi la'akari sosai a kowane chromosomes wanda mutum yana da.
Bincike na FISH yana baka bayani game da dukkanin chromosomes. Yin gwaji na FISH iya gane ɓarna - kamar Down syndrome. Duk da haka, ba zai iya ba ka damar bayani game da hoton azaman karyotype ba. Karyotype zai kuma gane bambancin tsarin kamar su ƙauyuka, maye gurbin, ƙirar sautin, da sauransu.
Sakamakon karyotype ya fi tsayi don dawowa fiye da bincike na FISH. Karyotype da aka yi a kan jini zai iya ɗauka a ko'ina daga uku zuwa kwana bakwai. Karyotype kan amniocytes (sel daga amniocentesis) ko daga samfurin chorionic villus zai iya ɗauka a ko'ina daga 10 zuwa 14 days, dangane da yadda saurin kwayoyin suke girma. Tattaunawar FISH za ta dawo cikin kwana uku zuwa hudu.
Zaɓin Tsarin Gwaji mai dacewa
Idan kuna la'akari da gwaji ko kuma karyotype don dalilai na bincike, ya kamata ku tattauna wane zaɓi yafi dacewa da yanayin ku. Kuna iya so ku tattauna kuma ku binciko ko inshora ko kuma a'a insulin zai biya kudin da bincike na FISH da karyotype. Idan kana da ciki da ciki mai haɗari, likita naka na iya bada shawara akan gwajin FISH da kuma karyotype, don haka za'a samu sakamakon farko. Sakamakon sauri za su iya buƙata ta waɗanda suke ci gaba yayin da suke ciki.
SOURCES:
Kwalejin Amurka na Obstetricians da Gynecologists (ACOG). Nunawa don Abal Chromosomal Abnormalities. Adireshin ACOG ya yi amfani da shi, lambar 77, Janairu 2007.
Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Jinsin Dan Adam. Fluorescence A Cikin Gudanar da Ƙungiya (FISHI), 2008.