Cutar sankarar bargo ne irin ciwon daji da ke shafar kututture da jini. Marrow shine nama wanda aka samo a cikin wuri mara kyau na kasusuwa inda "hematopoiesis" ko ƙwayar jini ya fara.
Nau'in Guda
Akwai nau'i hudu na cutar sankarar bargo:
- Myelogenous m (ko myeloid) cutar sankarar bargo (AML)
- Lymphocytic m (ko lymphoblastic) cutar sankarar bargo (ALL)
- Na'urar Myelogenous (ko myeloid) cutar sankarar bargo (CML)
- Hanyar Lymphocytic (ko lymphoblastic) cutar sankarar bargo (CLL)
Kodayake wadannan nau'in cutar sankarar bargo guda hudu suna da nau'i daban-daban da kuma jiyya daban-daban, duk suna farawa a cikin tantanin halitta a cikin kututture.
Lymphocytic vs. Myelogenous
An kira cutar sankarar bargo "lymphocytic" ko "lymphoblastic" idan canjin canjin zai fara ne a cikin irin kwayar halitta wanda yayi kama da lymphocytes, wanda shine nau'i na fata. An kira cutar sankarar bargo "myelogenous" ko "myeloid" idan canjin canjin zai fara ne a cikin irin kwayar halitta mai laushi wanda, yayin da yake da lafiya, yana ci gaba da haifar da jinin jini, platelets, da wasu nau'in jini.
Murar cutar sankarar m
Laukemias mai tsanani ya fito ne daga ƙwayoyin "blast", myeloblasts ko lymphoblasts. Wadannan cututtukan cutar sankarar bargo ne wadanda basu da amfani kuma ba sa aiki kamar kwayoyin halitta. Suna kullin kwayoyin halitta a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa, wanda zai haifar da raguwa a yawan sababbin kwayoyin halittar da aka yi a cikin launi. Ba tare da magani ba, cutar sankarar bargo mai zurfi zai cigaba da hanzari.
Chronic cutar sankarar bargo
Leukemias na yau da kullum suna da ƙananan ko babu wani "blast" kwayoyin halitta kuma yawanci ci gaba da hankali fiye da leukemias mai tsanani. Ciwon cutar sankarar bargo na jini (CML) yana yaduwa jikin jini wanda yake aiki a kusan al'ada, amma ƙididdigar ya zama mai girman gaske cewa suna fitar da kayan samar da wasu kwayoyin halitta kamar jini yatsun jini.
A cikin cutar cutar sankarar lymphocytic na kullum (CLL), da yawa lymphocytes da ba su aiki suna samar. Wadannan ƙwayoyin mawuyacin sun maye gurbin da kuma tsangwama tare da aiki na lymphocytes na al'ada a cikin gabar jiki da kuma ƙwayar lymph kuma suka raunana tsarin rigakafin jiki. A tsawon lokaci, duka CML da CLL suna da damar canzawa zuwa mummunan leukemias.
Dalili na Hadarin
Kamar yadda yake da ciwon daji da yawa, ainihin dalilin cutar sankarar bargo ba a sani ba. Mutane da yawa da suke da halayen haɗari ba za su ci gaba da cutar ba, kuma wasu marasa lafiya na cutar sankarar ba su da wata hadari. Don AML, an gano wasu matsalolin haɗari kuma sun haɗa da:
- Down ciwo da sauran cututtukan kwayoyin halitta
- Lafiya ta baya da chemotherapy
- Hanyar shawaɗan ga sunadaran da ake kira "benzenes" a cikin matakan tsaro
- Shan taba
- Bayyana ga radiation, ciki har da radiation don bi da sauran siffofin ciwon daji
Nazarin don gano dalilin da lamarin hadari don bunkasa wasu cutar sankarar bargo suna gudana.
Alamai da cututtuka
Alamun da bayyanar cututtuka cewa mutum da ciwon cutar sankarar bargo ne sakamakon sakamakon ƙananan jini (ko oxygen dauke da kwayoyin halitta), plalets (wanda ke taimakawa wajen kafa jini), da kuma jinin jini (wanda zai taimakawa hana kamuwa da cutar). Maƙarƙashiyar cututtukan iya samarwa.
Alamomi da alamun cututtuka na cutar sankarar bargo na iya haɗawa da:
- Jin damu, rashin ƙarfi
- Rashin wuya yana numfashi lokacin yin aiki na yau da kullum
- Pallor ko kodadde fata
- Fevers ko dare sha
- Cuts da bruises wanda ke dogon lokaci don warkar
- Cutar jini mai tsanani daga ƙananan raunuka
- Ƙananan ja a cikin fata (wanda ake kira "petechiae")
- Kasusuwa ko kasusuwa
- Kwayoyi masu yawa ko rashin lafiya da ba za ku iya ganin "ku yaki ba"
Mutane da yawa marasa lafiya na cutar sankarar bargowa ba su da alamu da bayyanar cututtuka kuma sukan gane cewa suna da cutar bayan aikin jini daga bincike na yau da kullum. Sauran lokuta, idan cutar ta ci gaba da ci gaba, za su iya samun irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka ga marasa lafiya da cutar sankarar bargo.
Sakamakon cutar sankarar bargo na iya zama mai ban tsoro kuma zai iya rikicewa ga sauran cututtuka. Idan kun damu game da bayyanar cututtuka da kuke fuskanta, koyaushe kyawawan ra'ayi ne don neman shawara daga mai bada sabis na kiwon lafiya.
Takaitaccen
Lurarrigar bargo ne ciwon daji na kasusuwa na fata kuma yana kaiwa ga samar da kwayoyin jini marar kyau. Daga ƙarshe, waɗannan kwayoyin cutar "cutar sankarar bargo" za su dauki nauyin jini na al'ada kamar jini yatsun jini da platelets.
Leuchemias an kwatanta su da irin kwayar da suka samo daga (myelogenous ko lymphocytic), da kuma yadda sauri cutar cutar sankarar ta yi girma da cigaba (m vs. na yau da kullum). Kodayake waɗannan cututtuka sun samo asalin asali, dukansu sun bambanta a alamarsu da bayyanar cututtuka, yadda suke ci gaba da yadda ake bi da su.
Sources:
Caldwell, B. (2007). Leukemias mai ƙananan. A Ciesla, B. (Ed.) Hematology in Practice (shafi na 159-185). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: FA Davis Company.
Finnegan, K. (2007). Magungunan myeloproliferative na yau da kullum. A Ciesla, B. (Ed.) Hematology in Practice (shafi na 187-203). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: FA Davis Company.
Munker, R. (2007). Leuchemias Myelogenous Mutelogenous. A Munker, R, Hillier, E., Glass, J. et al (eds.) Hematology na zamani: Biology da Clinical Management - 2 edition. (shafi na 155-173). Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc.
Munker, R., Da Sakhalkar, V. (2007). Leukemias Lymphoblastic M. A Munker, R, Hillier, E., Glass, J. et al (eds.) Hematology na zamani: Biology da Clinical Management - 2 edition. (shafi na 173- 195). Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc.