New bincike da maki a cikin damuwa sabon Trend
A cikin shekaru 20 da suka wuce, adadin bugun jini ya rage. Duk da haka, wannan yanayin ya shafi tsofaffi. Game da matasa, ciki har da millennials, akwai karuwar yawan ƙwayar cuta. Wannan haɓaka zai iya samo asali a cikin haɓaka a wasu matsalolin haɗari tsakanin yara, ciki har da kiba, ciwon sukari, da hauhawar jini.
Dama
A cikin labarin 2017 da aka wallafa a JAMA Neurology , George da masu marubuta sun bincika ƙara yawan ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin matasa.
Masu bincike sun bincikar asibitocin 362,339 daga 2003 zuwa 2004 da kuma 421,815 asibitoci daga tsakanin shekara ta 2011 da 2012 don tantance abin da ya faru da mummunar cututtuka. Sun kuma yi amfani da bayanai daga tsakanin 2003 da 2012 don gano ƙaddamar da cututtuka biyar na cututtukan zuciya na zuciya da suka kamu da cututtuka: hauhawar jini, cututtukan ciwon sukari , ciwon jiji, kiba , da kuma amfani da taba.
George da abokan aiki sun gano cewa adadin asibiti saboda mummunan fashewar ƙishirwa ya karu daga fiye da kashi 50 cikin dari na maza da mata tsakanin 18 zuwa 34. Ƙari ga mahimmanci, ga maza, tsakanin 2003 zuwa 2012, an sami karuwa daga 11.2 zuwa 18.0 mummunan bugun jini a kowace 10,000 asibiti. Ga mata, akwai karuwa daga 3.8 zuwa 5.8 m cututtuka da 10,000 asibiti.
Komawa baya, daga tsakanin 1995 zuwa 1996, yawan tarin bugun jini ya kusan ninki biyu ga maza masu shekaru 18 zuwa 34.
Ga wasu wasu binciken daga nazarin game da cututtuka na cututtuka na zuciya ga mutanen da shekarunsu suka kai 18 zuwa 64 wadanda aka asibiti don fashewar cututtuka mai ƙaura tsakanin 2003 da 2012:
- Yawan farashin hauhawar jini ya karu tsakanin kashi 4 da kashi 11.
- Hanyoyin cutar lipid (watau hypercholesterolemia ko high cholesterol) sun karu tsakanin kashi 12 da kashi 21.
- Adadin yawan ciwon sukari ya karu tsakanin kashi 4 da kashi 7.
- Yawan farashin amfani da taba ya karu tsakanin kashi 5 da kashi 16 cikin dari.
- Tamanin kiba ya karu tsakanin kashi 4 da kashi 9.
A cikin binciken farko, Masana kimiyyar Amurka ta dauki sakamakon binciken wannan mataki gaba. Sun duba musamman a inda Amurka take da karuwa a cikin ƙananan yara. Sun gano cewa ƙananan karuwa sun kasance a yamma da tsakiyar yamma. Bugu da ƙari, birane sun ga yawan karuwa fiye da yankunan karkara.
Kodayake ake kira Kudanci a matsayin "Cutar Cutar," kuma mafi yawan adadin annobar ta faru a can, ƙananan ƙaruwa cikin mummunan rauni a tsakanin matasa yana faruwa a yamma da tsakiyar yamma. Yawan shagunan da aka yi a kudanci ya riga ya tsufa; Saboda haka, karuwar haɓaka a mummunan rauni ba kamar yadda yake a cikin yamma da kuma tsakiyar yamma ba, inda ƙananan raunuka ya rage.
Fasaha zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kara yawan karuwar da aka samu a yammacin da yamma.
Musamman, a cikin arewa maso gabas, inda ƙananan raunuka a tsakanin matasa ba su kara yawanci ba, bincike mai kama da na MRI zai iya samuwa sosai kuma za'a iya gano alamun ƙwayar da yawa.
Tare da karin ƙwagun ƙwayar da aka gano a asali, za'a iya samun karamin dangin dangin karuwar mita. A wasu kalmomi, wurare kamar Arewa maso gabas bazai da girma a karuwa a mita na bugun jini saboda ciwon fasaha na MRI yana nufin karin bugun jini an gano su fara da.
Yin amfani da kwayoyi marasa amfani, kamar meth da crack, na iya taka rawar a cikin karuwa cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
Masana sunyi tunanin cewa dalili daya ne dalilin da yasa shanyewar jiki ya fi yawan birane a birane maimakon yankunan karkara domin saboda birane sune mafi ƙazanta.
Bugu da ƙari, saboda yawancin asibitocin ƙauyuka sun rufe a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mutanen da ke zaune a yankunan karkara suna iya tafiya zuwa asibitoci na asibiti saboda magani, saboda haka ya haifar da tarin yawa daga cikin birane.
Dole ne mu tuna cewa dukkanin wadannan cikakkun bayanai-maganin ilimin kimiyya, kwayoyi, gurbatawa, da rashin kulawar kiwon lafiya na yankunan karkara - sune kawai zato. Dole ne a gudanar da bincike da yawa don fahimtar yanayin da aka yi a cikin fashewar mita.
Ƙara yawan ƙwayar cuta a tsakanin matasa suyi amfani da wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cututtukan zuciya, kamar kiba da ciwon sukari.
Kiba
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kafofin yada labaran sun ruwaito cewa akwai raguwar ƙima a ƙuruciyar yara. Wannan iƙirarin, duk da haka, ba daidai ba ce. A hakikanin gaskiya, wasu bincike sun nuna cewa akwai karuwar yawan kiba a cikin kananan yara a cikin makarantun sakandare ko wasu yankuna. Duk da haka, wannan bincike ba zai iya bazuwa ga yawan jama'a ba. Data daga tsakanin 2007 zuwa 2010 ya nuna cewa babu karuwar yawan kiba. A gaskiya ma, akwai karuwa a yawan nau'in kiba a cikin matasa.
A cikin wani labarin da aka buga a JAMA a cikin JAMA Pediatrics , Skinner da Skelton sun yi nazarin sassan layi na yawan jama'ar Amurka tsakanin 1999 da 2012. Wadannan samfurori sun hada da yara tsakanin 2 zuwa 19.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa za'a iya samun ƙarfafawa a cikin ƙimar kiba. Duk da haka, akwai ƙuƙwalwa a manyan nau'i na kiba (watau BMI na 35 ko mafi girma). Daga bayanin kula, siffofin ƙananan ƙananan kifi suna da alaka da haɗari na cardiometabolic, ciki har da bugun jini.
Rubutun 2 Ciwon sukari
A cikin binciken na 2017 da aka wallafa a JAMA , Mayer-Davis da mawallafin marubuta sun gano cewa cututtukan cututtukan 2 sun tashi tsakanin 2002 zuwa 2012. Misalin ciwon sukari na 2 shine nau'in haɗari na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini kuma yana taimakawa wajen bugun jini.
Yin amfani da nazarin yawan jama'a, ga yara masu shekaru 10 zuwa 19, sun gano cewa yawan ciwon sukari ya kai kashi 4.8 bisa dari na shekara-shekara. An haɓaka wannan karuwa a tsakanin kabilanci da kabilanci marasa rinjaye. Alal misali, a tsakanin matasan {asar Amirka, an samu karuwar daga kashi 3.1 zuwa kashi 8.9.
Daga bayanin kula, sakamakon wannan binciken ya dace da sakamakon binciken da wasu masu bincike suka gudanar a baya: Daga tsakanin shekara ta 2001 zuwa 2009, akwai yawan karuwar yawan ciwon sukari a tsakanin matasa.
Abubuwa
Ƙara yawan ciwo da kuma haɗarin haɗarin haɓaka tsakanin matasa yana da alaka da akalla dalilai guda biyu:
- Rashin ciwo zai iya haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani, kuma lokacin da saurayi ya sami nakasa daga bugun jini, za a iya yin amfani da damar yin rayuwa. Halin tunanin da na tattalin arziki ya shafi mutum wanda yake da nakasa mai cututtuka, amma har ma dangi. Harkuna na iya jawo rayuka ga mafi muni.
- Kodayake bugun jini na farko ya kasance mai raɗaɗi, tarihin bugun jini a wani saurayi yana aiki a matsayin canary a cikin wani kwalba. Gwagwarmuwa na gaba suna da tsanani da damuwa fiye da na farko. Saboda haka, wannan karuwa a cikin ƙwararrun mita a cikin matasa zai iya kasancewa alamar farko na annobar da ta fi dacewa da za ta iya ci gaba a cikin shekarun da suka gabata.
Jiyya
Tabbatar da tayi na tasowa da ciwon zuciya da ƙwayar cutar zuciya na zuciya shine matakai na farko. Babban tambaya ita ce yadda za a bi da abin da zai iya zama mummunan annoba.
A cikin wani labarin 2015 a Stroke mai suna "Kiba Ƙara Rashin Ƙarƙashin Rashin Ƙari a Matasan Matasa Hudu don Rigakafin," Kernan da Dearborn rubuta waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa:
A cikin sansanin daya, wadanda suka ga cewa kiba yana haɗuwa da haɗarin haɗari ga fashewa kuma ya ce yana da muhimmiyar manufa ga rigakafin farko da sakandare. A daya, wa anda suka yarda cewa ƙudan zuma yana ƙaruwa sosai amma ya ce yana da tasiri sosai don magance sakamakon ƙudan zuma wanda ke da alhakin hadarin bugun jini (watau hauhawar jini da dyslipidemia) fiye da kiba kanta.
A wasu kalmomi, har yanzu babu tabbacin cewa yin rigakafi na bugun jini ya kamata ya mayar da hankali akan duk wani abu mai mahimmanci ko yanayin da cutar ta haifar, irin su cutar hawan jini da high cholesterol.
Masu marubuta sunyi iƙirarin cewa idan muna da mafi kyawun maganin kulawa da kiba, babu shakka cewa kiba ya kamata mayar da hankali ga rigakafin ciwo a cikin matasa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, maganin hauhawar jini, ko da yake wani dalili ne a ci gaban fashewar, zai iya barin wasu abubuwan sharan da ba a soke ba.
Bugu da kari, a cewar masu bincike:
[A] ven ne mafi kyawun maganin farfadowa na rashin hadarin (misali, hauhawar jini) zai bar wasu ƙananan marasa lafiya marasa galihu wadanda ke nuna rashin lafiya. Wannan shi ne musamman saboda ƙaddarar hanya mai sauƙi na masu ƙwararrun marasa lafiya a cikin kiba shine hawan jini. Bincike bai tabbatar da tabbacin cewa magungunan ciwon sukari zai iya rage hadarin cutar na jijiyoyin jini ba; babu wasu maganin da aka ba da shawarar don magance kumburi da kiba, kuma yawancin marasa lafiya da yawa ba a halin yanzu suna ganin 'yan takara don farfadowa na lipid.
A wasu kalmomi, yana da wuyar maganin marasa lafiya don dalilai masu haɗari don bugun jini wanda ya haifar da kiba. Ba a tabbatar da kula da ciwon sukari ba tukuna don rage yawan hadarin bugun jini. Bugu da ƙari, babu wata hanya ta musamman don bi da kumburi da ke hade da kiba wanda ya kasance yana da ciwo da cututtukan zuciya. A ƙarshe, yawancin matasa ba zasu cancanci samun farfadowa ba, irin su statins .
Kalma Daga
Bincike ya nuna cewa kara yawan ciwo da cututtukan zuciya da cututtuka da ke cikin matasa. Wannan bincike shine game da shi saboda zai iya nuna wani abu mafi girma, tare da yawancin haɗari mafi tsanani, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.
A halin yanzu, babu wata hanya da ta yarda da ita don hana cututtuka, cuta wanda zai iya zama mai haɗari mai tsanani kuma yana da tasiri sosai ga mutane da iyalai. Babbar shawara mafi kyau wanda wani saurayi zai iya bi shi ne don rage halayen haɗari don ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwa. Matasa suna bukatar su guje wa karuwa, kauce wa shan taba, da karɓar magani mai kyau don hauhawar jini.
A ƙarshe, don Allah ka tuna cewa kawai ƙananan marasa rinjaye na annoba-tsakanin kashi 5 zuwa 10-suna faruwa a yara da matasa. Babu ƙimar yawan ƙwaƙwalwar da ta shafi millennials da yawancin ciwon bugun jini. Duk da haka, kowane shari'ar bugun jini mai tsanani da ke shafi wani saurayi yana da mahimmanci game da shi, kuma karuwar ci gaba shine fifiko ne na jama'a.
> Sources:
> George, MG, Tong, X, Bowman, BA. Yaduwar cutar cututtuka na kwayoyin cutar da ƙwayoyin cuta a ƙuruciyar matasa. JAMA Neurology. 2017; 74: 695-703.
> Kernan, WN, Dearborn, JL. Kiba yana kara yawan haɗari a cikin Matasan Matasa Hanya don Rigakafin. Dama. 2015; 46: 1435-1436.
> Maron, DF. Ƙarin Millennials suna da ciwo. American Scientific. Yuni 28, 2017. [e-pub]
> Mayer-Davis, EJ, et al. Hanyoyin da ke faruwa na irin 1 da Type 2 masu ciwon sukari a cikin matasa, 2002-2012. Jaridar New England Journal of Medicine. 2017; 376: 1419-1429.
> Skinner, AC, Skelton, JA. Hanyoyin da ke faruwa a cikin Yara da Girma Mai Girma tsakanin yara a Amurka, 1999-2012. JAMA Pediatrics. 2014; 168: 561-566.