A cikin jikin kwayoyin halitta sune kananan ƙananan sassa da ake kira mitochondria (kusan 1,000 a kowace salula). Mitochondria yana samar da makamashin jikin mu yana bukatar girma da aiki. Idan mitochondria ya lalace ko rashin aiki, ƙwayoyin ba zasu iya aiwatar da ayyukansu ba kuma zasu iya ji rauni ko su mutu. Wadannan kwayoyin cututtuka ko wadanda ba su da kwarewa suna haifar da mummunar cutar.
Mitochondrial cuta zai iya zama da wuya a gano asali saboda cutar na iya gabatar tare da iri-iri iri-iri bayyanar cututtuka, daga yanayin m zuwa tsanani. Akwai daruruwan nau'o'in cututtuka na mitochondrial. Nau'in da kake da shi ya dangana ne akan abin da aka shafi kwayoyin. Matsaloli na iya farawa a haihuwa ko faruwa daga baya. Yawancin lokuta ana bincikar su a yayin yarinya, kodayake lokuta masu tasowa sun fara zama na kowa. Mitochondrial cuta yana shafi tsakanin 40,000 da 70,000 Amirkawa, faruwa a daya daga 2,500 zuwa 4,000 haihuwa.
Mitochondrial cuta ne yanayin kwayoyin . Kwayar cutar za ta iya samun gado daga iyayenka ko sakamakon sakamakon maye gurbin a cikin DNA naka. Mitochondria na iya ji rauni daga yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ko lalacewa ta hanyar cututtuka kyauta (kwayoyin lalacewa). Mafi yawan maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta zai iya haifar da cutar. Duk da haka, maye gurbi a cikin mutane biyu bazai iya haifar da wannan alamar ba.
Alamai da cututtuka
Saboda mitochondria suna cikin kashi 90 cikin 100 na jikinmu, za'a iya amfani da wasu kwayoyin halitta ciki har da kwakwalwa da tsokoki. Tsarin da yafi shafar shine yawanci kwakwalwa, zuciya, hanta, tsokoki mai ƙwanƙiri, koda, da kuma endocrin da tsarin numfashi. Kwayoyin cututtuka da kuke dogara sun dogara ne akan abin da kwayoyin halitta da gabobin suka shafi, wadannan zasu iya haɗawa da:
- Brain: jinkirta cigaba, jinkirta tunanin mutum, kamala , damuwa
- Magunguna: rauni, zafi
- Muskoki: rauni, ƙananan sauti, raguwa, zafi
- Ciwon zuciya
- Idanu: lalata , ɓataccen hangen nesa
- Koda cututtuka
- Matsalar respiratory
- Rabawar ji
Sauran bayyanar cututtuka sun haɗa da cututtukan gastrointestinal , wahalar haɗiye, cututtukan zuciya, ciwon hanta, da ciwon sukari , lactic acidosis, da kuma karuwa mai yiwuwa na samun ciwo. A cikin yara, cutar na iya haifar da rashin talauci da ci gaba. Binciken cutar mitochondrial yana da wuya sau da yawa yayin da bayyanar cututtuka ya bambanta kuma zai iya ɗaukar wasu yanayi. Sakamakon tsarin sassan jiki, yankuna uku ko fiye, yana nuna alamun cutar mitochondrial.
Jiyya
Yawancin lokuta na cutar mitochondrial za a iya bincikar su ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta. Sauran gwaje-gwajen gwaji sun haɗa da gwaje-gwajen jini , gwajin kwayoyin , da kuma gwajin enzyme. Musamman kwayoyin halittu da wasu gwaje-gwaje na iya zama tsada sosai, yana barin lokuta da za a bincikar su a gwaji kawai.
Babu magani ga cutar mitochondrial. Wasu kari-thiamine ( B1 ), riboflavin (B12), bitamin C , bitamin E, Lipoic acid , da coenzyme Q10 - zasu iya taimakawa wajen magance wasu cututtukan. Tsarin hankalin damuwa na iya taimakawa wajen rage alamar bayyanar cututtuka.
Masu bincike suna kallon kwayoyi a halin yanzu da zasu hana toshe kwayoyin lactic acid da ke hade da cutar mitochondrial. Sauran suna ƙoƙarin rage kayan abinci na carbohydrate don rage aikin aiki na mitochondria.
Jirgin da ke da alaka da ƙwayoyin cuta a kan wasu cututtuka
Masu bincike suna nazarin cutar mitochondrial don nuna alamun zuwa wasu yanayi kamar ciwon daji, cutar Parkinson, cututtukan Alzheimer, da cututtukan zuciya. Damage zuwa mitochondria ana zaton za a hade da duk waɗannan ka'idodin. Duk tsawon rayuwar lalacewar mitochondrial na iya zama wani ɓangare na tsarin tsufa.
> Sources:
> Halitta, J. Diseases na iya rinjayar ikon cikin jikinmu. The Boston Globe , Yuni 17, 2003.
> Ƙungiyar Cibiyar Mitochondrial Disease.