An Bayyana Maganar Cutar
Idan kana da tiyata - ko da wani ƙananan hanyar - likita na iya yin gwajin jini. Yayinda yake kwatanta gwaje-gwaje na jini mafi kyau ga likita, zai iya taimakawa wajen fahimtar abin da gwajin yake neman, kuma abin da ake la'akari da sakamakon "al'ada".
Akwai daruruwan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na jini waɗanda za a iya yi a cikin wani lab, amma mafi yawan ana yin su a hankali kafin kuma bayan tiyata; wadannan gwaje-gwaje sune na kowa kuma bai kamata su zama dalili ba.
Mai bada yana so ya tabbatar da cewa mai lafiya yana cikin lafiya mafi kyau don hanya kuma don tantance duk wani yanayi wanda zai haifar da rikitarwa.
Ana gwada gwaji ta jini bayan wani tsari don neman jini, kuma don tabbatar da cewa kwayoyin suna aiki da kyau bayan an tilastawa.
Sau da yawa ana gwaje-gwajen nan ne sau da yawa, sau da yawa dare bayan tiyata. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa akwai tsammanin wani abu ba daidai ba ne, mafi yawancin lokutan gwajin sun tabbatar da cewa duk abin da ke faruwa bayan da ake aiki. Marasa lafiya a cikin ICU na iya sa ran samun ƙarin gwaje-gwajen jini. Idan mai hakuri ya kasance a kan iska mai yiwuwa zaku iya tsammanin za a zubar da jini a yau ko kullum.
Tests na jini na kowa:
Chem 7: Har ila yau da aka sani da ilimin halayen jini, ko kuma ilmin sunadarai, wannan gwajin yana kallon matakan da ake bukata a cikin jini kuma yana duba aikin koda. Bugu da ƙari, an samu glucose a cikin jini ta wannan gwaji kuma zai iya nuna idan mutum yana buƙatar ƙarin gwaji don ciwon sukari.
Sakamakon bakwai da aka haɗa a cikin Chem 7 sun haɗa da:
- Nitrogen Urea na jini (BUN)
- Magani Glucose
- Creatinine
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- Maganin Chloride
- Serum Sodium
- Magani na Jima
CBC:
Kundin jini cikakke, ko CBC, ya dubi kwayoyin halitta daban-daban waɗanda suka hada jini duka. CBC zai iya sanar da likita idan jiki yana yin adadin da ya dace da kowane nau'i na tantanin halitta, kuma yana iya nuna alamun bayyanar da ke faruwa a yanzu ko kwanan nan, kamuwa da jini ko rikici.
Bayan aikin tiyata, likita na iya yin wannan gwajin don ganin idan an yi amfani da jinin jini, ko kuma idan mai ciwo ya daddare kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin ruwa.
A CBC ya hada da:
- Lambar Blood (WBC)
- Lambar Blood (RBC)
- Platelet Count (Plt)
- Hemoglobin
- Hematocrit
"H & H" yana kama da CBC amma yana kallon matakan hemoglobin da hematocrit.
Ƙididdigar Ƙarshen Cikakken Ƙari
PT, PTT & INR
Wadannan gwaje-gwaje, da aka sani da juna a matsayin kwamiti na coagulation, dubi yadda yaduwar jini ta sauri. Hanyoyin tsawaitaccen lokaci na iya haifar da matsaloli a tiyata, lokacin da ake zub da jini. Idan sakamakon ya nuna ya fi dacewa da yin rikodin lokaci fiye da na hali, yana iya zama wajibi don jinkirta tiyata don hana ƙin jini a yayin lokacin.
Hanyoyin Enzymes
Binciken aikin hawan, wanda aka fi sani da LFT, an yi domin sanin idan hanta yana aiki kullum. Domin hanta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kawar da cutar daga jini da jini na jini, yana da muhimmanci a san idan yana aiki kullum kafin wannan hanya. Lambobin da aka ƙidaya za su iya nuna aikin rashin hanta ko hasara hanta.
Ƙara ƙarin gwajin, wanda ake kira GGT, za a iya karawa a cikin hanta. Wannan gwaji zai iya nuna cewa akwai lalacewa ga hanta ko kewaye kewaye amma bai bayyana irin nau'in lalacewa ba.
Aikin binciken aikin hanta yana hada da:
- Aspartate Phosphatase (AST), wanda aka fi sani da SGOT
- Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), wanda aka fi sani da SGPT
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
- Total Bilirubin
- Direct Bilirubin
- Aiki na Bilirubin
- Albumin
Gas Tsaran Tsarin
Kwayar jini , wanda aka fi sani da ABG, ya dubi yadda tsarin numfashi yana aiki da kuma yawan oxygen da ke cikin jini. Wannan gwaji yana buƙatar jini daga maganin, wanda yake dauke da kwayar cutar ta jiki da kuma yawanci daga ƙuƙwalwar radial a wuyan hannu. Abubuwa masu banbanci zasu iya nuna cewa jinin yana da rauni a oxygen, cewa mai haƙuri yana numfasawa ko kadan (a cikin iska mai motsi a yayin aiki), ko kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin oxygen.
Ana amfani da ABG a kalla sau ɗaya a rana yayin da mai haƙuri yake a cikin wani motsi na tsawon lokaci. Ana amfani da sakamakon don ƙayyade idan akwai canje-canje a cikin saitunan haɗi. Idan mai hakuri yana cikin ICU, za a iya sanya wani zaɓi na musamman wanda ake kira jigon jini don yin zubar da jini mai sauƙi, musamman idan an yi shi akai-akai.
Abinda ya fi dacewa ABG ya hada da:
- PH: Haɗin acid / tushe na jini
- PC02: Nawa ne carbon dioxide yana cikin jini
- PO2: Yaya yawan iskar oxygen ke mayar da hankali cikin jini
- HCO3: Matakan Bicarbonate zasu iya nuna matsalolin aikin koda
- O2: Yaya yawan oxygen yana samuwa ga kyallen takalmin jiki don amfani
Abubuwan fassarar ABG yana da kalubale kuma yawanci ne likitoci ko masu samar da su ke yi.
ABO Rubutun: ABO Typing shine lokacin likita don ƙayyade jini na jini. Ana yin wannan kafin aikin tiyata, don haka ana iya bada jini a cikin dakin aiki idan ya cancanta. Yawancin cutar bazai buƙaci jini ba, amma wasu hanyoyin, irin su kan-pump zuciya da kewayawa tiyata, yana buƙatar kula da jini. Ana iya tambayarka don sanya takardar shaidar izinin jinin kafin ka yi aikin tiyata, koda kuwa fassarar ba wani abu ne na al'ada ba, idan akwai bukatar da ya tashi.
Al'adar Cutar da Sensitivity
Hanyoyin jini shine tsari inda aka samo ɗan ƙaramin samin jinin ka kuma a ɗauka zuwa lab inda an sanya shi a kan matsakaiciyar ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwayar cuta wanda "ke ciyarwa" kwayoyin. Ana saran samfurin dumi kuma bayan 'yan kwanaki, an duba shi don ganin idan kwayoyin ke girma.
Idan kwayoyin suna girma, to akwai yiwuwar cewa kwayoyin kwayoyin suna girma cikin jini. Idan kwayoyin kwayoyin ke tsiro, to an nuna su zuwa maganin rigakafi daban-daban, don ganin abin da kwayoyin cutar ya fi dacewa don magance kamuwa da ku. Wannan hanya ce ta kimiyya don zaɓar mafi kyau maganin cututtuka don ba tare da baka dama maganin rigakafi da fatan mutum yana aiki sosai.
Kalma Daga
Duk da yake yana da amfani don samun cikakken fahimtar sakamakon binciken da kuma abin da suke nufi, mai bada sabis na kiwon lafiya yana da alhakin fassara fassarar da kuma yanke shawarar yadda za'a amsa musu. Sakamakon fassara Lab yana da fasaha wanda aka girmama a shekaru, saboda haka kada ku ji akwai bukatar fahimtar kowane nau'i na sakamakon binciken ku. Yana da mahimmanci ka saurara a yayin da mai bayarwa yake bayanin shirin su kuma yadda zasu so su ci gaba da kulawa.
> Source:
> Sensitivity Analysis. Medline Plus.