Kwayoyin cututtuka, Dalili na Risk, da Bincike na CTE
Akwai ci gaba da fahimtar juna a tsakanin likitoci cewa matsalolin da aka samu bayan rauni na rauni ba koyaushe a warware su ba. Wannan gaskiya ne ga mutanen da ke fama da raunuka, musamman ma 'yan wasa a wasanni da kuma ma'aikatan soja.
Raunin da ya kai ga CTE
Babu wata babbar raunin kai da ake bukata. Raunin raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (mTBI) ko ma ƙanƙancin raunin marasa rinjaye zai iya taimakawa.
Bayan tashin hankali, wasu mutane suna shan wahala daga ciwo na ciwon zuciya (PCS) na tashin hankali , ciwon kai , da rikicewa. Amma CTE ba fiye da tsawon lokaci ba ne na ciwon ƙwayar cuta bayan rikici-yana faruwa shekaru baya, ba kamar PCS ba, wanda yawanci yakan zo ne da jim kadan bayan raunin kansa.
Sauran Risuka na CTE
Kodayake CTE ya bambanta da cutar Alzheimer a hanyoyi da dama, zasu iya raba kwayar cutar kwayar halitta. ApoE4 shi ne mafi yawan abin da ke tattare da kwayoyin halittar dan Alzheimer na farko-farkon. Mutanen da aka maye gurbin ApoE4 sun nuna cewa suna da tsawon lokaci na dawowa daga raunin kai, da kuma raunuka mafi tsanani bayan an samu rauni guda ɗaya. Duk da haka, wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa babu hanyar haɗi tsakanin CTE da ApoE4. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike game da wannan haɗin da ake bukata.
Mata suna da alama sun sake dawowa daga cikin rikice-rikice fiye da maza, amma ba a sani ba idan wannan ya haifar da wani mummunan haɗari na bunkasa CTE.
Yawancin ƙwayoyin da aka yi nazari tare da CTE sun kasance namiji saboda yawancin masu neman 'yan wasa ko ma'aikatan soja. Kwayar kwakwalwa da aka hade da CTE an samo ko da a cikin matasan da ke da magunguna masu yawa, amma canje-canjen ya kara da shekaru.
Sanin asali
Ba a iya bincikar cututtukan cututtuka na al'ada (CTE) kawai ta hanyar autopsy.
Wasu sunadarai, irin su tau da TDP-43, suna tara a kwakwalwa. Wannan ya bambanta daga cututtukan Alzheimer, wanda ke nuna alamun beta-amyloid , wanda yake a kasa da rabi na lokuta tare da CTE. Bugu da ƙari kuma, canje-canje na farko sun fi yawan jini.
Duk da bukatar buƙatar tabbatarwa ta autopsy, akwai alamun bayyanar da ke da ban sha'awa game da CTE, ciki har da waɗannan masu zuwa:
- ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
- Rashin ikon yin yanke shawara
- matalauta hukunci
- rashin tausayi
- matalauta rashin iko
- tashin hankali
- bakin ciki da kashe kansa
Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu alamun CTE na iya kasancewa, ciki har da:
- wahala tare da auna da tafiya
- Dakatarwa, magana mai laushi
- Parkinsonism (tsage, rigidity, da kuma raguwar motsi)
Har ila yau, akwai ƙananan ƙwayoyin marasa lafiya da CTE wadanda ke da ciwo mai karfin ciwon zuciya (Conthalomyelopathy) (CTEM). Wannan mummunar ta shafi alamun cutar Lou Gehrig (ALS) , tare da raunin tsoka da ɓarna, wahalar haɗuwa, da kuma tsinkayyiyar haɓaka.
Daga bisani a cikin CTE, marasa lafiya zasu sha wahala daga lalata. Maimakon cututtukan Alzheimer, alamun alamun cututtuka na cututtuka na yau da kullum suna kama da bambancin hali na launin fata na gaba (bvFTD).
Duk da haka, CTE sau da yawa yakan zo a baya a baya fiye da bvFTD, tsakanin shekaru 30 zuwa 50 maimakon 45 zuwa 65. Bambancin bambance-bambance na ciwon gaba na gaba gaba ɗaya yana ci gaba da cigaba da sauri fiye da CTE, kuma sau da yawa yana da kwayar halittar da CTE bata yi ba.
Hanyoyi a kan Brain
Akwai ƙananan nauyin kwakwalwa da kuma canzawa na calpus calpus, wanda ke haɗa nau'o'i biyu na kwakwalwa.
Har ila yau, akwai magungunan ci gaba na lobes na CTE. Lobesin gaba suna kula da ikonmu na yin shawara mai kyau da kuma shirin, da kuma kyale mu mu dawo da tunaninmu.
Sauran wuraren da ke cikin kwakwalwa sun hada da jiki da kuma hippocampus, wanda ya kasance tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kazalika da jaraba mai nau'in nau'i, wanda yake da alaka da motsi.
Gwaji don CTE
Yayin da jama'a suka fahimci CTE sun yi girma a hankali kwanan nan, kimiyya tana da hankali a hankali don samar da gwaje-gwaje da suka dace da matsalar. MRI zai iya taimakawa wajen fitar da wasu cututtuka, kuma zai iya nuna mummunan lalacewa na amygdala, wanda zai iya bayar da shawarar CTE a matsayin ganewar asali. Sauran ƙarin fasaha na gwaji irin su aikin MRI na aiki suna ana bincika.
CTE Jiyya
Babu magani don CTE da zarar ya ci gaba. Kamar yadda yawanci shine, rigakafi shine magani mafi kyau.
Yin rigakafi yana da mahimmanci
Dole ne a yi amfani da al'adar aminci a wasanni da sauran rayuwar rayuwa. Ya kamata 'yan wasan su karfafa su su yi rahoto yayin da suke fama da cutar da rauni, kuma su bi umarnin don dawowa suyi wasa bayan irin wannan rauni. Har ila yau, muhimmancin masu koyarwa ne, don koya wa 'yan wasan su dabaru masu dacewa don kariya ta sirri. Yana da kyau a yi wasa mai wuya, amma yana da mahimmanci don kunna lafiya.
> Sources:
> Baugh, CM, et al. (2012). Hanyar cututtuka na yau da kullum na rashin jin dadi: neurodegeneration bayan kwatsam da kuma ciwon kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa. Halin tunanin kwakwalwa da lahani, 6 (2): 244-54.
> Saulle, M., & Greenwald, BD (2012). Gwagwarmayar cututtuka na yaudara: wani bita. Gudanar da Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwanci da Kwarewa, 816069. Epub 2012 Apr 10.
> Shively, S., Scher, AI, Perl, DP, & Diaz-Arrastia, R. (2012). Rashin Dementia Daga Raunin Rauni Mai Raɗaɗi: Mene ne Abun Hoto? Archives na Lafiya, Jul 9: 1-7.