Cutar cutar Alzheimer ita ce cuta mai zurfi na kwakwalwa. Fahimtar yadda yanayin Alzheimer ya bambanta daga kwakwalwar kwakwalwa ya ba mu basira. Zai iya taimaka mana muyi dacewa da canje-canje da ke faruwa ga ƙaunatattunmu saboda sakamakon wannan mummunar cuta.
A cikin cutar Alzheimer , bayyanar kwakwalwar Alzheimer ta shafa ta bambanta da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan yana nufin cewa wannan ɓangaren kwakwalwa yana shrinks kuma wannan shrinkage yana da banbanci daban-daban daga nauyin kwakwalwa na kwakwalwar kwakwalwa. Cikin kwayar da ke cikin kwakwalwa shine farfajiya na kwakwalwa. Yana da alhakin dukan aikin fasaha. Akwai manyan canje-canje biyu da za'a iya lura a kwakwalwa a autopsy:
- Yawan adadin kwakwalwa a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa (gyri) an rage
- Kasashen a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa (sulci) suna girma sosai.
Akwai ƙwayoyin canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwa a cikin kwakwalwa.
Abubuwan manyan manyan binciken biyu a cikin kwakwalwa na Alzheimer sune amyloid plaques da neurofibrillary tangles. Ana samun alamomi na Amyloid a waje da igiyoyi, ana samun alamun neurofibrillary a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Neurons ne kwayoyin jijiya a cikin kwakwalwa.
Ana samun alamomi da ƙuƙwalwa a cikin ƙirjin mutane ba tare da Alzheimer ba. Wannan shine yawancin wadanda suke da muhimmanci a cutar Alzheimer.
Matsayi na Amyloid Plaques
Alamomin Amyloid sune sunadaran gina jiki wanda ake kira B-amyloid mai gina jiki wanda shine shi ne wani ɓangare mai girma da ake kira APP (amyloid precursor protein). Wadannan amino acid ne.
Ba mu san abin da APP ke yi ba. Amma mun san cewa an yi APP a tantanin tantanin halitta, an kai shi zuwa jikin kwayar halitta sannan daga bisani ya karya.
Hanyoyi guda biyu suna cikin raunin APP (amyloid precursor protein). Ɗaya hanya ce ta al'ada kuma bata haifar da matsala. Sakamakon na biyu na canje-canje da aka gani a cikin Alzheimer da kuma wasu daga cikin lalata.
Pathway Breakdown yana kaiwa zuwa lalatawar Alzheimer
A hanya ta biyu na rashin ƙarfi APP an raba ta da enzymes B-secretase (B = beta) sannan y-secretase (y = gamma). Wasu daga cikin gutsutsure (wanda ake kira peptides) wanda ya haifar da haɗin kai tare da samar da shunin gajere mai suna oligomer. Ana kuma san magungunan Oligomers kamar ADDL, amyloid-beta wadanda ke dauke da ligands. An nuna magunguna na amyloid beta 42 don haifar da matsala a cikin sadarwa tsakanin igiyoyi. Ballantana mai suna Amyloid 42 yana samar da ƙananan fibers, ko fibrils. Lokacin da suke haɗuwa suna samar da amyloid plaque. Wasu daga cikin wadannan alamomi zasu iya sanya kansu a cikin membrane na cellular neuron da ke haifar da abubuwa a waje da tantanin halitta don shiga cikin shi, haifar da kara lalacewa. Wannan lalacewar ya haifar da gina Amyloid beta 42 peptides da ke haifar da dusfunction da mutuwa.
Matsayin Neurofibrillary Tangles
Sakamakon na biyu mafi girma a cikin kwakwalwa na Alzheimer shi ne ƙananan hanyoyi. Ƙungiyoyin neurofibrillary sun hada da furotin da ake kira furotin tau.
Lambobin sunadaran suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin tsarin neuron. A cikin mutanen da ke da alamun sunadaran Alzheimer suna haifar da rashin haɗari ta hanyar haɗari masu haɗari wanda ya haifar da samin ƙwayoyin neurofibrillary. Ƙungiyoyin neurofibrillary suna haifar da mutuwar sel.
Alzheimer's Brain Summary
Ba'a fahimci muhimmancin amyloid plaques da neurofibrillary a kan aiki na kwakwalwa. Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cutar Alzheimer sun nuna alamar nau'o'i biyu da ƙuƙwalwa, amma ƙananan mutanen da ke tare da Alzheimer kawai suna da alamomi kuma wasu suna da ƙwayoyin neurofibrillary kawai.
Mutanen da ke nuna alamar Alzheimer kawai suna nuna rashin lafiya a lokacin rayuwarsu.
Mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin neurofibrillary sun fi dacewa a gano su da ciwon daji na frontotemporal .
Bincike a cikin cutar Alzheimer yana gano ƙarin bayani game da ilimin jikin mutum da kuma ilmin lissafi na kwakwalwa. Yayin da muka fahimci game da muhimmancin alamomi da tannun da aka lura a cikin kwakwalwan Alzheimer wanda ya fi kusa mu sami nasara sosai da kuma maganin cutar Alzheimer.