Hanyoyi iri guda biyar na cutar hepatitis
Kwayar cututtuka na kwayar cutar shi ne cutar hanta wadda ta haifar da daukan hoto zuwa daya daga cikin ƙwayoyin cutar ciwon haifa biyar. Kowane cutar an ladafta shi bayan wasika na haruffa, ciwon haifa A ta E. Ko da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da hepatitis, kawai biyar suna dauke da ƙwayar cuta ne.
Kowace ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin hepatotropic guda biyar daidai ne a hanyoyi da dama. Dukansu suna yaduwa kwayoyin hanta da ke haifar da ƙonewa.
Dangane da abin da cutar ke haifar da matsala, akwai sau da yawa wani rashin lafiya wanda yake haifar da alamun wannan alamu da bayyanar cututtuka. Duk da haka, don fahimtar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin yana bukatar sanin yadda suke bambanta. Bari mu dubi kowannensu a hankali.
Hepatitis A
Fahimman Bayanan: Mutane suna yawan bayyanar da ciwon hanta A ta cin abinci ko shan abin da aka gurbata tare da cutar. Rashin kamuwa da cuta shine yawancin iyakacin kansa kuma yana iya samun tasiri daban daban a kan mutane daban-daban: yara bazai da alamun bayyanar cutar yayin da babba na iya samun alamun bayyanar cututtuka kuma sun yi rashin lafiya har zuwa wata biyu. Bayan kamuwa da cuta, mutane ba su da kariya daga sake samun cutar.
Idan wani yana da lafiya tare da hepatitis A, mutumin zai shiga kwayar cutar a cikin jikinsa. A kasashe masu tasowa da tsarin tsaftace marasa kyau, ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta za ta iya gurɓata dukan ruwa. A kasashe masu tasowa, kamar Australia, Japan, Western Europe, Kanada da Amurka, cutar rashin ci A mafi yawanci yadawa ta hanyar mutanen da ke fama da cutar amma basu wanke hannayensu ba (ko kuma bayan) bayan zuwa ɗakin bayan gida .
Kyakkyawan tsabta da kauce wa abincin da ruwa ya zama babban kariya, amma mafi kyawun kariya shi ne samun maganin ciwon hepatitis A - wanda aka ba da shawarar musamman kafin tafiya zuwa wurare ba tare da wadataccen ruwa ba.
Hepatitis B
Muhimman bayanai: Hepatitis B shine cututtuka na jini wanda yawanci yada yawancin hanyoyi: ta hanyar saduwa da jima'i, daga mahaifiyarta a jariri lokacin haihuwa, ko ta hanyar hanyar kai tsaye tare da jini mai kamu.
A matsayin mummunan cututtuka, hepatitis B zai tafi a cikin watanni da dama, amma mutane da yawa za su kamu da cutar, wanda zai haifar da hadarin bunkasa wasu cututtuka. Biyu daga cikin cututtuka masu tsanani sune cirrhosis da ciwon daji. An bi da cutar hepatitis B tare da haɗuwa da magunguna. Hanya mafi kyau shine don kaucewa kamuwa da cutar ta farko ta hanyar samun maganin ciwon hepatitis B.
Hepatitis C
Fahimman Bayanan: Hepatitis C shine cututtukan jini wanda aka yada ta hanyar ta hanyar jini-jini. Akalla rabin sababbin ƙwayoyin cutar hepatitis C suna yadawa ta hanyar rarraba magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyi ko aiki. Harshen C zai iya yadawa ta hanyar sadarwar jima'i amma wannan yana da wuya. Babu maganin alurar rigakafi don ciwon hanta na C, duk da haka yana da muhimmanci a rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar shiga jini da jini tare da bi ka'idojin rigakafi . Ko da yake cutar ciwon hauka C yana farawa ne a matsayin rashin lafiya mai tsanani kuma zai iya wucewa kawai kamar wata, mafi yawan mutane za su ci gaba da samun kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani. Wannan yana buƙatar magani tare da haɗuwa da magunguna.
Hepatitis D
Muhimmiyoyin Facts: Hepatitis D wata cuta ce ta musamman wanda zai iya cutar da wani wanda ya kamu da ciwon hauka B. Saboda haka, yin rigakafi tare da maganin rigakafi na hepatitis B zai kare kariya daga ciwon hepatitis D.
Kwayar cutar ne mai jini kuma zai inganta ko dai tare da kamuwa da juna tare da ciwon hauka B, ko kuma maganin ciwon daji na hepatitis B. Ko ta yaya, za a bi da shi tare da kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B.
Hepatitis E
Muhimmin Facts: Mafi mahimmanci, hepatitis E yana da kama da ciwon haifa A a hanyar da yake yaduwa da irin cutar da yake haifarwa - duk da haka, yana da sauƙi mafi tsanani kuma zai iya samun sakamako mafi tsanani a cikin mata masu ciki da jarirai. Hepatitis E yana da yawa a kasashe da dama masu tasowa kuma zasu iya yadawa zuwa kasashe masu tasowa ta hanyar tafiya ta al'ada da kuma shige da fice. Babu maganin alurar riga kafi duk da haka, amma guje wa abinci da ruwa mai gurɓata, da kuma yin amfani da takardun hannu akai-akai hanya ne mai kyau don hana rigakafi.
Ba'a yada daga mutum-to-mutum.
Shin akwai cutar cutar kutsawa?
Wasu littattafan tsofaffi da shafukan yanar gizo sun hada da ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar cuta. Wadannan su ne kwayoyin cuta-kamar sauran ma'aikatan da aka gabatar a cikin jini wanda aka taba zaton shi ya haddasa hepatitis amma ba:
- Hepatitis G
- Transfusion daukar kwayar cutar cutar (TTV)
Sauran ƙwayoyin cuta wadanda ke haifar da cutar kyakarin cututtuka
Kwayar cutar "hepatitis" ita ce daya daga cikin ƙwayar cuta guda biyar, mai suna A ta hanyar E. Duk da haka, akwai wasu ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon hauka da kuma bayyanar cututtukan da ke kama da cutar ciwon daji mai kamala, ban da sauran cututtuka. Uku na mutane da yawa sune:
- Mutuwar mononucleosis
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Epstein-Barr cutar
Sources:
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka. 10 ga Yuli, 2008. Ciwon daji.
Dienstag, JL. Magungun ƙwayar cututtuka mai guba. A cikin: AS Fauci, E Braunwald, DL Kasper, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, J Loscaizo, da Dokar Magungunan Harkokin Cikin Gida ta Harrison , 17th. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2008.