3 Ganyamawa ga Samar da Gurasar Magunguna Mai Nuna
Magunguna sun dade suna da mahimmanci don kawo karshen annoba da suka yi barazana ga lafiyar jama'a, ciki har da cutar shan inna, kyanda, rubella, da diphtheria.
An samu sakamako irin wannan tare da maganin rigakafin hepatitis A , wanda aka gabatar a shekarar 1995, da kuma maganin ciwon hepatitis B , wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a shekarar 1981. Tare da aiwatar da tsarin maganin rigakafi na kasa, yawan rashin cututtuka na ciwon hepatitis A da B a Amurka ya ki yarda by fiye da 95 bisa dari da 90 bisa dari, bi da bi.
Wannan, ta halitta, yana sanya haske a kan hepatitis C kuma ya tambayi dalilin da ya sa har yanzu ba mu samar da maganin alurar rigakafin da zai iya hana abin da ya fi dacewa a cikin manyan manyan cutar uku ba?
Sakamakon cutar Cutar Harshen Cutar
Matsalar matsalar ita ce abin ban mamaki. A cewar wani rahoto daga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, kimanin mutane miliyan 70 suna fama da cutar Cutar Hizzanci (HCV), ciki har da fiye da mutane miliyan uku. Daga cikin wadannan, kimanin kusan 400,000 ne suka mutu daga cutar a kowace shekara, akasarinsu saboda cutar cirrhosis da ciwon huhu .
Bugu da ƙari, daga cikin sababbin cututtuka fiye da miliyan 1.5 da ke faruwa a kowace shekara, ko'ina daga kashi 70 zuwa kashi 85 cikin dari zai ci gaba da ci gaba da kamuwa da cutar mai tsanani wanda kashi 70 cikin dari zai haifar da cutar hanta.
Don saka waɗannan lambobi zuwa hangen zaman gaba, ƙwayar sabon cututtuka na HCV ya haifar da HIV , yayin da yawan mutanen da ke fama da ciwon hauka C shine fiye da sau biyu na HIV (miliyan 33).
Ƙalubalen da ke Ci Gaban Turawa
Duk da yake akwai jiyya a yau da za su iya warkar da mutane da yawa da ke zaune tare da HCV, hanyar da kawai za ta iya kawo ƙarshen annoba ta kasance tare da maganin rigakafin da zai iya dacewa da lafiya. Har zuwa yau, masana kimiyya sunyi matukar damuwa a kokarin su na neman daya.
Yayinda mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa maganin rigakafin hepatitis C zai iya samuwa (har ma fiye da haka, watakila, fiye da maganin rigakafi na HIV ), akwai wasu matakan mahimmanci don cin nasara.
Tsakanin su:
- HCV yana da damuwa da yawa wanda abin da kwayar cutar guda ɗaya bazai yi aiki ba. Dukkanan sun fada, akwai manyan kwayoyin HCV guda bakwai , kowannensu yana da nau'o'i daban-daban da halaye. Shirye-shiryen rigakafi yana dogara da waɗannan halaye don kafa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, inda kwayoyin maganin rigakafi ke nufi don haɗawa da kwayar cutar domin ya warware shi. Ka yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mabuɗin. Tare da kowane layi, wurin wurin maɓallin-da kuma hanyar da maɓallin ke aiki-ya bambanta ƙwarai. Saboda haka, yayinda yake dakatar da nau'in kyamarar hoto mai yiwuwa ne, zai iya taimakawa wani ya dauki wuri.
- HCV tana canzawa kullum kuma yana da hanzari. A matsayin kwayar cutar, HCV yana da kuskure ga kuskuren ƙirar rayukan kwayoyin halitta kamar yadda ya yi da sauri a kan kansa. Abin da ake nufi shi ne, ko da daga cikin jinsin daya, akwai adadi mai yawa da kuma bambancin yawa a cikin yawan bidiyo. Saboda wannan, koda kuwa maganin alurar rigakafi sun iya hana kwayar cutar HCV guda daya, to akwai yiwuwar maganin rigakafi. Idan haka ne, ƙananan ƙananan za su iya canzawa ba tare da kullun ba, kuma, a matsayin irin wannan, su guji maganin alurar.
- Akwai rashin samfurin dabba don yin bincike. Tare da kwayar cutar HIV, alal misali, masana kimiyya suna iya yin nazarin dabba saboda akwai irin wannan cuta da aka kira cutar ta rashin lafiyar simian (SIV) da aka samu a cikin primates. Babu irin wannan HCV da ba mutum ba daidai a yanayi. A yau, masana kimiyya sun gano samfurorin HCV kawai kamar dawakai, rodents, da ƙuda, waɗanda suke, mafi kyau, dangi mafi kusa. Da wannan aka ce, wasu rukunin bincike sun kirkiro tsarin da za su iya magance cutar ta hanyar samun karfin gaske, fahimtar ainihin lokacin da kwayar cutar ta haifar da kullun karkara da kuma yadda za'a hana wannan daga faruwa.
Faransanci a Bincike
Duk da wadannan matsaloli masu yawa, masana kimiyya suna motsawa kusa da gano wani samfurin rigakafin da zai iya hana cutar HCV. Yayinda mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa wata alurar rigakafi ba zata iya magance dukkanin kwayoyin jini ba, mafi yawan suna da tabbacin cewa ka'idodin da ke jagorantar maganin alurar rigakafi daya ya kamata a iya "tweaked" don ƙirƙirar wasu
Akwai 'yan takarar masu goyon bayan' yan takara masu yawa a karkashin bincike. Daga cikin su, masu bincike a Ostiraliya suna nazarin maganin alurar riga kafi wanda aka fara tsara don magancewa maimakon hana HCV kamuwa. Alurar rigakafi, wanda aka riga ya nuna cewa yana da lafiya a cikin mutane, yana fama da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a tsakanin mazaunan kurkuku a New South Wales, wani yanki wanda HCV rates ya kasance masu girman kai.
A halin yanzu, wasu masana kimiyya suna ƙoƙari su tsara jerin kwayoyin cutar HCV a cikin dawakai, wanda shine dan uwan da ya fi kusa da irin wannan a cikin mutane. Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa idan masana kimiyya sun iya kashe ko kawar da wannan cutar, ana iya amfani da waɗannan ka'idoji ga nau'in mutum, yana bude kofar zuwa wata maganin alurar riga kafi a ko'ina daga biyar zuwa goma.
> Sources:
> Abdelwahab, K., da kuma Said, A. "Yanayin Ciwon Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Ciwon Cutar da Cutar Ciwon Cutar. Duniya J Gastroenterol. 2016 22 (2): 862-73. DOI: 10.3748 / wjg.v22.i2.862.
> Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka. "Ciwon daji na cututtuka: Hepatitis C Bayanin." Atlanta, Jojiya; sabunta Oktoba 17, 2016.
> Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya. "Hepatitis C: Fact Sheet." Geneva, Switzerland; sabunta Oktoba 17.