Fuka mai ƙyama (ko IIA don gajeren gajere) shine nau'i na asibiti wanda ke haifar da yuwuwa ga gas, fumes, vapors ko barbashi. Halin irin wannan yanayin ciwo ne na rashin lafiya na iska (ko RADS don takaice).
Wadannan cututtuka an lasafta su azaman fuka-fuka saboda yawancin labarun zuwa abubuwan da ke jawo hankalin RADS da IIA a wurin aiki.
Duk da haka, shafuka ga jawo hankalin haushi na iya faruwa a gida ko wurare na jama'a, ma; sabili da haka, RADS da IIA ba koyaushe suke aiki ba.
RADS da IIA an fara gane su a matsayin cututtuka daban-daban a 1985, kuma al'amura game da ganewarsu sun jawo gardama. Tabbatar da haɗi tsakanin halayen mutum da wani mummunan hali da bayyanar cututtukan mutum ba sau da sauƙi. Bugu da ƙari, bambanta RADS da IIA daga wasu nau'ukan fuka za su iya wahala.
Bambanci tsakanin RADS da IIA
Kullum magana, ana bincikar RADS lokacin da mutum (ba tare da ciwon asibiti da aka gano ba) ya tasowa bayyanar cututtuka ta asibiti bayan kwatsam (sau da yawa bazata) da kuma ɗaukar hoto mai ban sha'awa. Bayan da aka fara bayyanawa, mutumin da ke tare da RADS yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka wanda ke faruwa a cikin lokaci (cikin sa'o'i 24).
An yi zaton RADS zai haifar da tasiri mai guba a kan kwayoyin da ke kan hanyar jirgin sama.
Wannan fushi yana haifar da amsawar mai kumburi wanda ya bambanta daga rashin lafiyar amsawa da sauye-sauye-hanya a yawancin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon fuka.
Jayayya game da ganewar asali IIA ko RADS mai ƙananan rashawa yana cikin tsarin samar da cutar. Tambayar ta kasance ko zata iya zama lalacewa daidai ga sel daga matsanancin matsanancin matakin ƙananan, ba tare da wani abu mai rashin lafiyar ba.
Wani rukunin masana gwani na Birtaniya, wanda aka gudanar a shekara ta 2006, ya karbi kalmar "tarin fuka mai haɗari" maimakon RADS, yayin da suke bada shawara cewa "ƙananan fuka-fuka-fuka-fitsari" maimakon ragowar RADS-raguwa a nan ya ci gaba da zama rashin daidaituwa game da ko wanan wannan mahallin ya wanzu.
Kumburi saboda Airway Irritation
Lokacin da mutane ke nunawa ga yawan nauyin irritant, kyallen takalmin da ke kan layi sunyi lalacewa. Rashin lalacewa ya kama da ƙona, tare da asarar rayuka da ƙananan wurare na zub da jini da busawa a ƙasa.
Idan aka kwatanta, wani rashin lafiyan abu yana da bambanci saboda ya hada da amsawar tsarin tsarin jiki. Jirgin sama na mutanen da ke fama da cutar kututtukan jini saboda RADS zasu yi girma da kuma nuna alamomi na fibrous, kuma kayan aikin iska suna da kyau.
Sanin asali da Jiyya
Akwai manyan ka'idoji uku don gane RADS da IIA
- Jirgin Airway tare da tayarwa, tarin, da kuma rashin ƙarfi na numfashin da ke faruwa bayan an daukan wani abu mai ban tsoro (irin su chlorine, kayan tsaftacewa ko hayaƙi). A RADS, wannan yakan faru ne da daɗewa bayan babban zanewa; a IIA, wannan yana faruwa ne bayan ƙarami, shafuka masu yawa.
- Babu tarihin amsoshin fuka dasu.
- Kwayoyin cututtuka sun ci gaba fiye da bayyanar farko.
Tare da RADS, mutane da yawa suna kwatanta haushi a cikin hanci da makogwaro a lokacin bayyanar da su, tare da tasirin jirgin sama a nan gaba nan gaba ko cikin sa'o'i.
Lokacin da wani ya riga ya kasance yana da tasiri mai zurfi, kuma babu wani rahotanni na baya na ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cututtuka sun fi sauƙi a iya nuna su. Duk da haka, idan mutum ya riga ya shafe tsawon lokaci ko faɗakarwa masu yawa, yana da wuya a tabbatar da cewa waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka sune ainihin hanyar rashin jin daɗi.
Idan likitan likitan RADS ko IIA, za ta gudanar da tarihin cikakke da nazarin jiki. Likita na iya yin umurni don gwaje-gwaje na gwagwarmaya don sanin yadda za a yi amfani da huhu.
Sau da yawa, mutumin da ke da RADS zai nuna rashin cigaba a cikin bayyanar cututtuka bayan amfani da wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin fuka (magunguna irin su albuterol) fiye da mutanen da ke fama da ciwon fuka.
Nan da nan bayan an daukan hotuna, an umarci kwayoyin maganin maganin maganin ƙwayar cuta don rage yawan ƙonewa a filin jirgin sama. An umurci magungunan ƙwayar cuta da aka ba da izini idan bayyanar cututtuka ta ci gaba.
Yaya yawancin yawa?
Babu tabbacin yadda sau da yawa shafan motsa jiki na RADS da IIA. Nazarin ma'aikata da ke cikin manyan sunadarai sunadarai-irin su chlorine, acid acetic acid ko wats mustard gas - sun nuna cewa kashi 11% zuwa 57% na mutanen da aka fallasa sun bunkasa RADS. A cikin binciken daya na masu kashe gobara wadanda aka fallasa su daga Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba, 16% aka gano su tare da RADS shekara 1 daga baya. Wani binciken sauran ma'aikata tare da fuka-fuka a cikin jihohi 4 sun gano cewa RADS ya wakilci 14% na duk abubuwan da aka rubuta a asibiti.
Ayyukan da yawa sun sa mutane su kasance mafi haɗari ga hangen nesa wanda zai haifar da RADS da IIA. Wadanda ba'a nuna su a yayin da ake ci gaba da wadannan cututtuka sun hada da kwayoyi daban-daban, masu sinadarin shafawa, kayan wankewa, da gas mai gina jiki, dandarar diesel, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, da isocyanates, wadanda aka saba amfani dashi a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma adhesives.
Duk wanda ke aiki tare da abubuwa masu haɗari ya kamata ya san asarar haɗari. Kwamitin Tsaro da Kula da Lafiya (OSHA) ya umurci ma'aikata suyi matakan tsaro a wurin da ya hada da kayan aiki masu tsaro, ilimi, da kuma umarnin abin da za a yi idan akwai hadarin mota. Idan ka yi zargin cewa mai aiki ba ya bi da waɗannan ka'idoji ba, tuntuɓi ofishin OSHA na gida.
Baya ga sakamakon lafiya wanda zai iya tsangwama ga ayyukan yau da kullum, za'a iya samun sakamakon RADS da IIA na zamantakewa da kuma kudi. Magunguna da masu bincike suna ci gaba da bincika hanyoyin da za su bincikar wadannan yanayin saboda masu sana'a da kuma shari'a suna ba marasa lafiya da suka shafi su. Ga mutanen da aka fallasa su kuma sun ji rauni a wurin aiki, cikakkun ganewar asali yana da mahimmanci don samun ramuwa da amfani.
Abubuwan da aka shirya ta Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, ranar 2/11/2016.
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