Ciwon tawaye mai lalacewa
A cikin anemia aplastic (AA), kasusuwa na kashin yana dakatar da yaduwar jini mai yaduwa, jinsin jini, da kuma takalma. Anemia mai kwakwalwa zai iya bayyana a kowace shekara amma ana bincikar da shi sau da yawa a cikin yara da matasa. Wannan cuta ta faru a kimanin mutane biyu zuwa shida da miliyan miliyan a duniya.
Kimanin kashi 20 cikin dari na mutane suna samun maganin anemia na aplastic a matsayin wani ɓangare na ciwo da aka samu kamar Fanconi anemia , dyskeratosis congenita, ko kuma Blackfan Diamond anemia .
Yawancin mutane (80%) sun samo anemia na aplastic, ma'ana an haifar da cututtuka irin su hepatitis ko cutar Epstein-Barr, mai yaduwa ga radiation da sunadarai, ko kwayoyi irin su chloramphenicol ko phenylbutazone. Binciken ya nuna cewa anemia na aplastic na iya zama sakamakon sakamakon rashin lafiya.
Cutar cututtuka
Alamar cututtuka na anemia aplastic ya zo a hankali. Wadannan cututtuka suna da alaƙa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini:
- Ƙananan lambobin jini na jini suna haifar da anemia, tare da bayyanar cututtuka irin su ciwon kai, damuwa, gajiya, da kariya (alamar)
- Ƙananan lambobin platelets (wajibi ne don yin jini) zai haifar da zub da jini daga jini daga hanci, hanci, ko ƙuƙwalwa ƙarƙashin fata (ƙananan siffofin da ake kira petechiae)
- Ƙananan lambobin jinin jini (wajibi ne don yaki da kamuwa da cuta) yana haifar da cututtuka ko kuma rashin lafiya.
Sanin asali
Alamar cututtuka na anemia ta aplastic sukan nuna hanya zuwa ganewar asali. Likita zai sami cikakken ƙwayoyin jini (CBC) kuma za'a bincikar jinin a karkashin microscope (jini).
CBC zai nuna ƙananan ƙwayoyin salula, sel fata, da kuma platelets cikin jini. Dubi kwayoyin da ke ƙarƙashin microscope za su rarrabe anemia na aplastic daga wasu cututtukan jini.
Baya ga gwaje-gwaje na jini, za a ɗauki ƙwayar sashin jiki na kasusuwan (samfurin) da kuma bincika a karkashin microscope.
A cikin anemia na aplastic, zai nuna 'yan ƙwayoyin jinin da aka kafa. Binciken ƙashin kasusuwa kuma yana taimakawa wajen rarrabe anemia mai kwakwalwa daga wasu nau'in ɓawon jini, irin su myelodysplastic cuta ko cutar sankarar bargo.
Tsarin
Ƙarawa ko gyaran cutar yana dogara ne akan ka'idodin Ƙungiyar Nazarin Manufar Ƙasa ta Ƙasa, wadda ta ƙayyade matakan bisa lambobin jinsunan jini da ke cikin gwajin jini da ƙwayar maniyyi na kasusuwa. An ambaci anemia na aplastic matsayin matsakaici (MAA), mai tsanani (SAA), ko mai tsanani (VSAA).
Jiyya
Ga matasa waɗanda ke ɗauke da anemia aplastic, yadun kasusuwa ko suturar suturar sutura ya maye gurbin ɓarƙashin ɓawon ƙwayar nama tare da kwayoyin jinin lafiya. Gyarawa yana ɗauke da hatsari, saboda haka wani lokaci ba a yi amfani dashi a matsayin magani ga masu tsufa ko tsofaffi. Kimanin kashi 80 cikin dari na mutanen da suka karbi sutse mai yatsun nama sun dawo da cikakke.
Ga mutane tsofaffi, jiyya na anemia aplastic na mayar da hankali kan kawar da tsarin rigakafi tare da Atgam (anti-thymocyte globulin), Sandimmune (cyclosporine), ko Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone), kadai ko a hade. Amsar da ake yi wa maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da jinkiri, kuma kimanin kashi ɗaya cikin uku na mutane suna da sake dawowa, wanda zai iya amsawa na biyu na magani.
Kowane mutum tare da anemia aplastic za a bi shi ta hanyar likitan jini (likitan jini).
Tun da mutanen da ke dauke da cutar anemia suna da ƙananan lambobin jini, suna cikin haɗari ga kamuwa da cuta. Saboda haka, hana cututtuka, da kuma magance su da zarar sun faru, yana da mahimmanci.
Source:
"Aplastic Anemia." Game da Cututtuka. 10 Nuwamba 2006. Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation, Inc .. 2 Dec 2006