Abubuwan Cutar da Aka Sami da Cutar da Aka Sami na Jinin da ke kaiwa ga Hemolysis Maganganu
Hemolysis shine raguwar jini. Kwayoyin jinin jini suna rayuwa kusan kimanin kwanaki 120. Bayan haka, suka mutu kuma suka rushe. Kwayoyin jini suna dauke da oxygen ga jiki. Idan jinin jini yana ɓacewa da rashin haɗari, za a sami kaɗan daga cikinsu don ɗaukar oxygen. Wasu cututtuka da sharuɗɗa suna haifar da yaduwar jini don raguwa da sauri, haifar da gajiya da sauran cututtuka mafi tsanani.
Iri na Anemolytic Anemia
Akwai nau'o'i da yawa na anemia haifa da kuma yanayin da za a iya gadonta (iyayenka sun ba da jigon ga yanayin da yake a gare ku) ko samo (na nufin ba a haife ku ba tare da yanayin, amma kuna inganta shi a wani lokaci a rayuwarku). Wadannan cuta da yanayi sune wasu misalan daban-daban na anemias hemolytic:
Anmias mai suna Hemolytic Anemias. Kuna iya samun matsala tare da hemoglobin , cell membrane, ko enzymes wanda ke kula da jinin jinin lafiya . Wannan shi ne yawanci saboda wani ɓangaren ɓarna (s) wanda ke kula da samar da jini na jini. Yayinda yake motsawa ta hanyar jini, ƙwayoyin maɗaurai na iya zama m kuma sun rushe.
Sickle Cell Anemia. Wani mummunan cutar da aka gaji inda jikin ya ke haifar da haemoglobin mahaukaci. Wannan yana haifar da jinin jini don samun siffar ɓarna (ko sickle). Kwayoyin Sickle yawanci suna mutuwa bayan kawai kimanin kwanaki 10 zuwa 20 kamar yadda kasusuwan kasusuwa bazai iya sa sabon jini kwayoyin jini ba da sauri don maye gurbin masu mutuwa.
A Amurka, anemia na sikila yafi rinjayar 'yan Afirka na Afirka.
Thalassemias . Wadannan cututtukan jini ne suka gaji inda jiki baya iya samun isasshen wasu nau'o'in haemoglobin, wanda zai sa jiki ya sa karar jinin jinin jiki fiye da al'ada.
Spherocytosis haɗi. Yayin da aka ɓoye murfin jinin jini (membrane membrane) ya ɓace, launin jini na jini yana da raguwa mai mahimmanci da kuma wani ɓangaren yanayi , ko siffar ball-ball, siffar.
Elliptocytosis wanda ke da asali (Ovalocytosis). Har ila yau yana da matsala tare da kwayar tantanin halitta, kwayoyin jini na jini suna da nau'i mai mahimmanci a cikin siffar, ba su da sauƙi kamar jini na jini, kuma suna da ɗan gajeren rai fiye da kwayoyin lafiya.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Ƙasa. Lokacin da jinin jininku ya rasa wani enzyme mai muhimmanci da ake kira G6PD , to, kuna da raunin G6PD. Rashin enzyme yana haifar da jinin jininka don rushewa kuma ya mutu yayin da suka hadu da wasu abubuwa a jini.
Ga wadanda suke da raunin G6PD, cututtuka, damuwa mai tsanani, wasu abinci ko kwayoyi, na iya haifar da lalata kwayoyin jinin jini. Wasu misalai na irin wannan cuta sun hada da kwayoyin antimalarial, kwayar cutar, da kwayoyin cututtuka na anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), sulfa da kwayoyi , naphthalene (wani sinadarai a wasu mothballs) ko wake fava.
Koma Kasa Kasawa. Lokacin da jiki ya ɓace wani enzyme da ake kira kinzuwa ta jini, sassan jini na jini yana yaduwa sauƙi.
Anmias mai suna Hemolytic. Lokacin da an samo anemia ta hankalinka, to jinin jinin ka zai zama al'ada amma wasu cututtuka ko wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da jikinka don halakar da jinin jinin cikin jini ko jini.
Rashin ciwon hauka na Hemolytic. A wannan yanayin, tsarinka na rigakafi yana lalatar da jinin jinin lafiya .
Abubuwa uku na ainihin maganin anemia mai yaduwa shine:
- Anemia mai yaduwa (AIHA). Wannan shi ne yanayin cutar anemia mafi yawancin (AIHA asusun ajiyar rabin alhakin dukkanin cutar anemia). Don wani dalili ba tare da dalili ba, AIHIA yana sa tsarin jikinka na jikinka ya yi amfani da kwayar cutar da ke kaiwa ga kwayoyin jikinka mai lafiya. AIHIA na iya zama mai tsanani kuma ya zo da sauri.
- Allamimune hemolytic anemia (AHA). AHA yana faruwa ne lokacin da tsarin rigakafin ya kai nama ga jiki mai sutura, jini da jini , ko wasu mata masu ciki, tayin. Tun lokacin da AHA zai iya faruwa idan jini wanda aka canza shi ne jini dabam dabam fiye da jininka, zai iya faruwa a lokacin haihuwa yayin da mace ta sami jinin Rh-negative kuma jaririn yana da jinin Rh-tabbatacce. Rh factor shi ne gina jiki a cikin jinin jini da "Rh-negative" da "Rh-tabbatacce" yana nufin ko jininka na da Rh factor.
- Anemia mai yalwacin cutar kwayar cutar. Lokacin da magani ya jawo tsarin rigakafi na jikinka don kai farmaki kan jikinsa na jini, zaka iya kasancewa anemic hemolytic mai ciwon magani. Magunguna a cikin magunguna (kamar su penicillin) zasu iya haɗawa da jikin jini na jini kuma ya haifar da ci gaban kwayoyin cuta.
Mechanical Hemolytic Anemias. Rashin jiki na lalata kwayoyin jini zai iya haifar da lalacewa a sauri fiye da al'ada. Rashin lalacewa na iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin kananan ƙwayoyin jini, wasu na'urorin kiwon lafiya, hawan jini a lokacin ciki (preeclampsia), ko eclampsia (yanayin da ke haifar da rikici a cikin mata masu ciki), hawan jini ko mummunan jini kamar jini na thrombotic thrombocytopenic , wanda zai sa jini ya kasance cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini a ko'ina cikin jiki. Bugu da ƙari, ayyuka masu tsanani suna iya haifar da lalacewar lalata jini a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin (irin su gudu a marathon)
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH). Jikin ku zai rushe jinsin jinin jini (wanda babu wasu sunadarai) da sauri fiye da al'ada tare da wannan yanayin. Mutanen da ke tare da PNH suna fuskantar haɗari ga:
- Blots clots a cikin veins
- Ƙananan matakan jinin jini da platelets
Wasu Mawuyacin Lalaci ga Sulhun Blood. Wasu cututtuka, sunadarai, da abubuwa kuma zasu iya lalata kwayoyin jini, wanda zai haifar da anemia. Wasu misalai sun haɗa da sunadarai masu guba, cizon sauro, cututtuka masu alamar tikiti ko macijin maciji.
Tests na jini da aka yi amfani da su wajen gano shimos
Ganin likitan ku ne mataki na farko don samun ganewar asali na anemia. Kwararka na iya kimanta lafiyar lafiyar ku da tarihin iyali banda gawar jiki da gwajin jini. Wasu gwaje-gwaje na jini da aka yi amfani dashi don gano asalin jini sune:
- Rajistar jinin jini (RBC), wanda ake kira lissafin erythrocyte
- Hemoglobin gwajin (Hgb)
- Gwajin gwagwarmaya mai tsanani
Shirin shirye-shirye na jariri kamar yadda kowace jiha ta umarce su (ta yin amfani da gwaje-gwaje na jini na yau da kullum) don cutar rashin lafiya da ƙwayar cuta ta G6PD a jariran. Samun asalin farko na waɗannan gadon sarauta yana da mahimmanci don yara su iya samun magani mai kyau.
Madogararsa:
Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Ƙasar. Iri na Anemolytic Anemia. www.nhlbi.nih.gov. Samun damar shiga ranar 9 ga watan Maris 2016.