Ƙananan cututtuka na flammatory Ana gani a wasu ƙungiyoyi
Labaran Ruwa na Yamma (FMF) wani cututtukan kwayoyin cututtuka ne da aka gani a wasu al'ummomi. An bayyana halin ciwon zazzabi mai tsanani, appendicitis-kamar ciwon ciki, huhu mai ƙonewa, da kumbura, alamu masu zafi.
Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba da ci gaba, FMF na iya haifar da rashin lafiyar ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma yana da tasiri sosai ga rayuwar mutum.
Abin farin ciki, sababbin magungunan anti-inflammatory duk sun kawar da yawancin cututtukan da suka kamu da cutar.
FMF wani cututtuka ne na nakasassu , yana nufin cewa an gaji shi daga iyayensa. Kwayar cutar tana hade da maye gurbin a cikin Yankin Ruwa na Ruwa (MEFV) wadda akwai fiye da 30 bambancin. Don mutum ya fuskanci bayyanar cututtuka, zai so ya sami gado na maye gurbin daga iyaye biyu. Duk da haka, samun kofe guda biyu ba koyaushe ba don rashin lafiya.
Duk da yake rare a yawancin jama'a, ana ganin FMF sau da yawa a cikin Yahudawan Sephardic, Yahudawa na Mizrahi, Armeniya, Azerbaijan, Larabawa, Helenawa, Turks, da Italiya.
Yaya Aka Sami Cutar
Yayinda yake tsayayya da cutar marasa lafiya wanda kwayar cutar ta kai hari kan jikinsa, FMF wani cututtuka ne wanda ke dauke da kwayoyin halitta (tsaro na farko).
Kwayoyin cututtuka na autoinflammatory suna nuna mummunan kumburi, wanda ya haifar da sakamakon rashin lafiya.
Tare da FMF, maye gurbin MEFV kusan kusan yana rinjayar chromosome 16 (ɗaya daga cikin nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i biyu na chromosomes wanda ya ƙunshi DNA ta mutum ). Chromosome 16 yana da alhakin, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ƙirƙirar gina jiki wanda ake kira pyrin a cikin wasu kwayoyin jinin kariya.
Duk da yake aikin pyrin har yanzu bai zama cikakke ba, mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa sunadaran suna da alhakin shawo kan amsawa ta hanyar kiyaye kumburi a rajistan.
Daga cikin sauye-sauye 30 da canzawar MEFV, akwai hudu waɗanda suke da nasaba da cutar bayyanar cututtuka.
Cutar cututtuka
FMF yana haifar da kumburi da fata, gabobin ciki, da kuma gidajen abinci. An kai hare-haren guda daya zuwa kwana uku na ciwon kai da zazzabi tare da sauran yanayi mai kumburi, kamar:
- Pleurisy , ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar lakaran da ke cikin motsin rai mai zafi
- Peritonitis, da ƙumburi na bango na ciki da ke fama da ciwo, tausayi, zazzabi, tashin zuciya, da zubar da ciki
- Pericarditis , ƙashin ciwon zuciya na zuciya wanda yake dauke da mai kaifi, ƙwaƙwalwar kirji
- Rashin jima'i , ƙusar da ƙwayar jikin da ke rufe kwakwalwa da ƙwararre
- Arthralgia (haɗin gwiwa) da kuma amosanin gabbai (haɗin gwiwa ƙonewa)
- Rashin tartsatsi, ƙuƙumi mai ƙumi, yawanci a ƙarƙashin gwiwoyi
Kwayoyin cututtuka suna cike da tsanani daga m zuwa lalata. Hakan na hare-hare na iya bambanta daga kowane 'yan kwanaki zuwa kowace shekara. Duk da yake alamun FMF zasu iya bunkasa tun lokacin da aka haife shi, ya fi yawan farawa a cikin shekaru 20s.
Matsaloli
Dangane da mummunan hare-hare da mota, FMF na iya haifar da rikitarwa na tsawon lokaci. Yayinda bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance m, FMF zai iya haifar dashi akan haɓakar gina jiki da aka sani da amyloid A. Wannan proteins sunadarai na iya tarawa a hankali kuma suna haifar da lalacewa ga manyan kwayoyin, mafi yawancin kodan.
Kusan gazawar shine, a gaskiya ma, ƙarar matsalar FMF. Kafin zuwan maganin rigakafin maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, mutane da ke dauke da cutar ta hanyar FMF sun sami tsawon rai na shekaru 50.
Genetics da Gida
Kamar yadda yake tare da duk wani mummunar cutar, Jirgin FMF yana faruwa ne lokacin da iyaye biyu ba su da cutar sai kowanne ya ba da gudummawa ga zuriyarsu.
Iyaye suna dauke da "masu sufurin" saboda kowannensu yana da wata mahimmanci na al'ada (na al'ada) kwarai da kuma ɗayan ɗayan (mutated) kwafi. Abin sani kawai idan mutum yana da kwayoyin halitta biyu da FMF zai iya faruwa.
Idan iyaye biyu masu sufuri ne, yaro yana da damar kashi 25 cikin dari na gajiyar kwayoyin halitta (da kuma samun FMF), damar samun damar kashi 50 na samun rinjaye guda daya da kuma raguwa guda (kuma ya zama mai ɗaukar mota), da kuma kashi 25 cikin dari na samun samun biyu halittu masu rinjaye (kuma ba a taɓa samun su ba).
Saboda da akwai sauye-sauye fiye da 30 na maye gurbin MEFV, haɗuwa da juna da yawa na iya kawo ƙarshen ma'anar abubuwa daban-daban. A wasu lokuta, tare da maye gurbin MEFV guda biyu zai iya ba da damar zuwa FMF. A wasu, mutum zai iya zama kyauta ba tare da alamar gwadawa ba kuma ba kwarewa komai ba sai dai lokacin lalacewa ko lalacewa.
Dalili na Hadarin
Kamar yadda yake kamar FMF yana cikin yawancin jama'a, akwai ƙungiyoyi waɗanda lamarin FMF ya fi girma. Rashin haɗari ya fi karfi ga waɗanda ake kira "masu kafa harshe" inda kungiyoyin zasu iya gano asalin cutar zuwa wani kakannin magabata. Saboda rashin bambancin kwayar halitta a cikin waɗannan kungiyoyi (sau da yawa saboda auren ko bambancin al'adu), wasu maye gurbi sun kasance sun fi sauƙi daga wannan ƙarni zuwa na gaba.
Bambancin yawan maye gurbin MEFV an sake dawo da su har zuwa lokacin da Littafi Mai-Tsarki ya kasance a lokacin da dakarun Yahudawa na farko suka fara hijira daga kudancin Turai zuwa Arewacin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Daga cikin kungiyoyi da mafi yawan FMF suka shafa:
- Yahudawa Sephardic , waɗanda aka fitar da zuriyarsu daga Spain a cikin karni na 15, suna da guda takwas a ɗaukar nauyin MEFV kuma daya daga cikin 250 damar samun cutar.
- Armeniya suna daya daga cikin bakwai na ɗaukar nauyin MEFV da daya daga cikin 500 na bunkasa cutar.
- Turkis da Larabawa suna da tsakanin ɗaya daga cikin 1,000 zuwa daya cikin 2,000 damar samun FMF.
Ya bambanta, Yahudawa na Ashkenazi suna daya daga cikin biyar na ɗauka na maye gurbin MEFV amma amma daya daga cikin 73,000 na damar bunkasa cutar.
Sanin asali
Sakamakon ganewa na FMF ya fi mayar da hankali bisa tarihin da kuma alamun harin. Mahimmanci ga ganewar cutar shine tsawon lokacin hare-haren da ke da wuya fiye da kwana uku.
Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje ta jini don kimanta nau'in da matakin ƙumburi da aka samu. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Kammala ƙididdiga jini (CBC) , an yi amfani da shi wajen gano ƙarar jini a jikin kariya
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) , ana amfani dashi don gano yawan ciwon kumburi ko m kumburi
- Furotin mai C-reactive (CRP) , ana amfani da su don gano mummunan ƙonewa
- Sugar haptoglobin da aka yi amfani da ita don gano idan an lalata jinin jini kamar yadda ya faru da cututtuka na autoinflammatory
Za a iya gwada gwajin magunguna don tantance ko akwai kundin albumin a cikin fitsari, wani nuni na rashin lafiyar koda.
Bisa ga waɗannan sakamako, likita na iya yin umarni don gwaji don tabbatar da maye gurbin MEFV. Bugu da ƙari, likita na iya bayar da shawara ga gwajin gwagwarmayar da ƙwayar magani da ake kira metaraminol zai iya haifar da FMF, yawanci a cikin sa'o'i 48 na allura. Kyakkyawan sakamako zai iya ba likita damar amincewa da tabbatar da asirin FMF.
Jiyya
Babu magani ga FMF. An riga an fara maganin jiyya wajen gudanar da cututtukan bayyanar cututtuka, mafi yawancin lokutta masu amfani da kwayoyin cutar ƙwayoyin cuta kamar Voltaren (diclofenac) .
Don rage yawan mummunan hare-haren da ake yi, ana amfani da maganin rigakafi na Colcrys (colchicine) a matsayin nau'i na farfadowa. Manya yawanci an ba da umurni a kan kwamfutar da za a dauka sau biyu a kowace rana.
Saboda haka, Colcrys yana da mahimmanci wajen magance FMF cewa kashi 75 cikin 100 na wadanda suka kamu da cutar ba su sake komawa cutar ba, yayin da rahoton kashi 90 cikin dari ya nuna kyautatawa. Bugu da ƙari, amfani da Colcrys yana rage yawan hadarin FMF, ciki har da gazawar koda.
Har ila yau ana iya amfani da Colcrys don magance manyan hare-haren, yawanci ana ba da umurni guda ɗaya, kashi 0.6-milligram a kowane sa'a don hudu azuzu, sannan kuma ya ɗauki miliyon 0.6 a kowace sa'o'i biyu don maganin biyu, kuma yana ƙarewa tare da 0.6 milligrams da aka ɗauki a kowace 12 hours na hudu allurai .
Hanyoyin da ke cikin Colcrys sun hada da ciwon ciki, anemia , da neuropathy na jiki (numfashi ko tsinkaye -da-needles sautin hannu da ƙafa). Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka suna kauce masa ta hanyar daukar ƙananan allurai. Cigaba da miyagun ƙwayoyi zai iya haifar da mummunan cututtuka tare da bayyanar cututtuka na tashin zuciya, vomiting, zawo, da kuma ciwo na ciki.
Ba za a iya amfani da Colcrys a cikin mutane masu fama da koda ba.
Kalma Daga
Idan aka fuskanci ƙwarewar tabbatacce na zafin jiki na Yammacin iyali, yana da muhimmanci a yi magana da likitan ƙwararru don fahimtar abin da ma'anar ganewa yake nufi da kuma abin da zaɓinka ya dace.
Idan an umurci Colcrys, yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace rana kamar yadda aka umurce shi, ba kuma ya yi tsalle ba ko kara yawan mita ba. Mutanen da suka ci gaba da maganin farfadowa na iya tsammanin suna samun rayuwa ta al'ada da kuma kyakkyawan rayuwa.
Ko da idan an fara samun magani bayan cutar ciwon koda ya ci gaba, sau biyu a yau da kullum na Colcrys zai iya ƙara yawan rai da rai fiye da shekaru 50 da aka gani a cikin mutanen da ba tare da cututtuka ba.
> Sources:
> Fujikura, H. "Ciwon daji na duniya na Yankin Ruwa na Mutuwar Ruwa ta Tsakanin Tsarin Yau." Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2015; 3 (4): 272-82.
> Padeh, S, da kuma Yakov, B. Curr Opin Rheumatol . 2016; 28 (5): 523-29. DOI: 10.1097 / BOR.0000000000000315.
> Sonmez, H .; Batu, E; da kuma Ozen, S. "Iyali na Ruwa na Buro: halin yanzu." J Inflamm Res. 2016; 9: 13-20.