Cutar sankarar bargo

An Bayani game da cutar sankarar bargo

Cutar sankarar bargo ne wata kalma ta gaba daya da ke nuna magunguna daban-daban. Lurarrigar bargo na iya tasiri mutane sosai, kuma magunguna na iya zama daban-daban dangane da irin cutar sankarar bargo da suke da su. Mutum na iya samun cutar sankarar bargo a kowane zamani, amma a cikin tsofaffi, cutar sankarar bargo ne mafi yawan waɗanda suka wuce shekaru 60. Yara ba sa cigaba da ci gaba da ciwon daji a daidai lokacin da suke girma. Duk da haka, yayin da yara ke ci gaba da ciwon daji, cutar sankarar ita ce mafi yawan mutum, wanda ke lissafin kimanin daya daga cikin mummunan bala'in da suka wuce a cikin shekaru matasa.

> Kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa na iya haifar da kwayoyin jinin fata maras kyau.

Menene cutar sankarar bargo?

Cutar sankarar bargo ne ciwon daji na jikin jini-wadannan kwayoyin halitta a cikin jikin da ke ci gaba da samar da ku na jini da jini mai fararen jini, da kuma waxanda ke taimakawa jinin ku da jini. Irin cutar sankarar bargo na mutum ya dogara ne a kan irin kwayar jini wanda ya samo cutar cutar sankarar bargo.

Ciwon sankarar bargo na farawa a cikin kasusuwan kasusuwa - lalacewa, ɓangaren ciki na wasu kasusuwa inda aka samu jikinsu da jini.

• Magungunan cutar sankarar myeloid na zamani yana shafar mutane fiye da 50

• Cutar sankarar bargo da Lymphoma Overview

Kwayar cutar sankarar bargo a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa ya haifar da ƙwayar cutar jini, wanda za'a iya ganowa a cikin jini, wanda ake kira karkatacciyar jiki . Wani lokaci a cikin cutar sankarar bargo, gwaje-gwaje na jini zai iya nuna cewa akwai jini mai yawa da jini da kuma yawan ƙwayoyin jini na farko ko marasa jini a cikin wurare.

Sauran lokuta, za'a iya samun adadin ƙwayoyin jini wadanda aka sani da fashewar jini. Kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo na iya fitar da kwayoyin jini na jiki a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa, wanda ya haifar da matakin ƙananan jini na jini, da jini mai launin jini, da kuma plalets a cikin jini.

Irin wannan ƙananan za a iya samo su a cikin gwaje-gwajen jini, kuma suna iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.

Sanin cutar sankarar bargo

Magunguna guda hudu na cutar sankarar bargo ne:

• Mikiya da ciwon cutar sankarar lymphoblastic m (ALL)
• Murar cutar sankarar mutelogenous m (AML)
• Likitan cutar ciwon sankarar lymphocytic na zamani (CLL)
• Na zamani myelogenous cutar sankarar bargo (CML)

Kowace suna, kamar yadda kake gani, ya nuna ko ciwon daji yana dauke da cutar sankarar jini.

• Maƙarƙashin cutar sankarar bargo yana ci gaba da sauri ba tare da magani ba.
• Maƙarƙashin cutar sankarar lokaci na kullum yana cigaba da sannu a hankali. Kwayar cutar sankarar barkewa, duk da haka, yana da yiwuwar 'canza' a cikin mafi m, m cutar sankarar bargo.

Laukemias mai mahimmanci, irin su ALL da AML, sun fara ne daga farkon, hargitsi maras kyau. Wadannan kwayoyin halitta ba su daina rarraba lokacin hadari na al'ada, kuma ci gaba da cigaba sun kasance da sauri fiye da yawan leukemias.

Laukemias na yau da kullum kamar CLL da CML, a gefe guda, suna fitowa daga kwayoyin jini waɗanda suka fi girma idan aka kwatanta da fashewar, ko da yake sun kasance masu haɗari. Yin gwajin jini a cikin mutane tare da waɗannan leukemias na iya nuna 'yan ko banda kwayoyin da ke motsawa.

Wadannan cancers yakan karu da sannu a hankali fiye da leukemias.

Mene ne ke sa cutar cutar sankarar jini ta kasance mai hankali ko Lymphocytic?

Bugu da ƙari, ko yana da mawuyaci ko na kullum, shi ma ya shafi ko cutar cutar sankarar ita ce myelogenous ko lymphocytic saboda wannan, ma, zai iya taimakawa wajen hango yadda za'a iya ciwon ciwon daji da yadda za a magance shi .

Don fahimtar abin da waɗannan kalmomi ke nufi, kuna buƙatar taƙaitaccen bayani game da yadda jikinku ke sa sababbin jini don maye gurbin tsofaffi waɗanda suka mutu ko kuma sun sacewa:

Kamar bambancin su, dukkanin tsofaffi na jini da farin jini sun fito ne daga wani abu kamar 'tsoffin kakannin' '', wanda ake kira ciwon hematopoietic, ko HSC . Kana da HSC da yawa a cikin kututtukan ka da wasu cikin jininka, kazalika.

Daga kowace HSC, yawancin 'tsararrun' 'yan kwayoyin jini suna fitowa a cikin jerin, ta hanyar rarrabawar jiki, daga ƙarshe yana tasowa da sababbin kwayoyin halitta da aka samu a jinin mutum. Kowane rukuni na gaba ne zuwa ga balaga, tare da ƙarni na gaba yana fitowa da sauri.

Ana bada sunayen sifofin da ke cikin al'ummomi daban-daban, kamar su zuriya ko kuma wadanda suka riga sun tsara, dangane da yadda za su koma ga HSC a cikin 'itace' ku tafi.

Yayin da kake cigaba a lokaci, daga HSC, za ka iya fara gaya wa 'yar' dangin 'jini' zai haifar da shi.

Iyayen biyu mafi girma a cikin bishiyar iyalin su ne lymphoid da iyalin myeloid . Hanyoyi daban-daban suna amfani don komawa ga iyali guda; misali, lymphoid da lymphocytic, da kuma myeloid da myelogenous.

• Lymphocytic yana nufin iyali wanda hakan ya haifar da ƙananan lymphocytes, rukuni na fararen jini.
  
• Mai magana da hankali yana nufin iyali wanda ya haifar da jinin jini, jini mai tsafta wanda ba na lymphocytic-ciki har da neutrophils, alal misali-da kuma kwayoyin da suke yin plalets ɗinka, suna mai suna megakaryocytes, wanda zai taimaka jini ya zama jini.

A cikin cutar sankarar bargo, ciwon daji yana tasowa a cikin tantanin halitta wanda yake wani wuri a cikin 'bishiyar' 'sabon jini. Samfurori dauke da kwayar cutar sankarar bargo, ciki har da samfurori da samfurin halittu, ana nazari a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don tantance ko kwayoyin cututtuka ko dai dai sunaye ne ko lymphocytic.

Me ya sa mutane su samu cutar sankarar bargo?

A mafi yawancin lokuta, masana kimiyya basu san daidai yadda cutar sankarar bargowa ta fara ba.

• Mene Ne Ma'anar Lymph Ƙaƙa?

• Ku san cututtuka na kyakoki na jini a jikin ku

Amma ga wasu cutar sankarar bargo, an gano abubuwan haɗari. Hanyoyin haɗari sune hanyoyin da zasu taimaka wa masana kimiyya su fahimci cutar da ci gabanta. Duk da haka, kawai saboda kuna da wani abu mai hadari ba ya nufin dole ne ku ci gaba da cutar.

Hanya a cikin batu: Ga AML, an gano wadannan alaƙa, amma mafi yawan mutanen da ke samun AML ba su da waɗannan abubuwan haɗari:

• Shan taba
• Tsare-tsaren lokaci mai tsawo zuwa benzene, sinadaran da aka samo a cikin hayaki sigari kuma amfani da wasu masana'antu
• Maganin da aka rigaya da wasu kwayoyi masu ilimin chemotherapy
• Babban canjin radiation
• Wasu yanayi na yanayi a lokacin haihuwa
• Samun dan takarar dangi wanda ya sami AM

An kuma danganta magungunan radiation mafi kyau ga ALL da CML. Tarihin iyali na iya shiga cikin wasanni a wasu lokuta, irin su CLL.

Janar cututtuka na cutar sankarar bargo

Cututtuka na cutar sankarar bargo ne a cikin wasu lokuta kuma babu shakka a cikin wasu, wanda muka sani ba ta'aziyya ba ne. Suna iya zuwa hankali ko ba zato ba tsammani. Wani lokaci alamu na farko da alamun bayyanar na iya zama mai ban tsoro, kamar kamuwa da kamuwa da cututtuka da kuma gajiya, ko kuma yana iya haɗawa da cututtuka. Duk da haka, cutar sankarar bargo na iya ci gaba da nunawa da kyau tare da alamun gargaɗin da aka fi sani. Kwayoyin cututtuka don dubawa sun haɗa da wadannan:

• Fever
• Magungunan ci gaba
• Abun mawuyacin raunuka ko zub da jini
• Wulo
• Rashin rauni
• Rashin hankali ga motsa jiki
• Abun ciki ko cikewar ciki
• Rashin asarar rashin nauyi
• Ƙara ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin lymph na yalwa da / ko hanta
• Kuna ciwo

Mafi sanadin cutar sankarar bargo na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka irin su raunin nama da haɗin gwiwa, zazzabi , bugu na dare, gajiya, rauni, kodadde fata, sauƙin zubar da jini ko raguwa, asarar nauyi, da sauransu, ciki har da ƙwayoyin lymph mai ƙumi, ƙwanƙiri, da hanta.

Kwayoyin cututtuka na cutar sankarar bargo kamar kamuwa da gajiya sosai da rashin ƙarfi, lokacin da rashin samuwa da jini, ko kuma anemia , bai iya yin tunani game da yawan kwayar cutar mai cutar sankarar bargo ba.

Bayyanar cututtuka na Specific cutar sankarar bargo

Wasu lokuta, wani nau'i na musamman ko lakabi na cutar sankarar bargo na iya samun siffar halayyar ko alamun bayyanar cututtuka wanda ba a matsayin na kowa ba a wasu nau'in cutar sankarar bargo.

Alal misali, cutar sankarar bargo mai karfin zuciya, wani sashi na cutar cutar sankarar mutelogenous , yana da wasu alamun bayyanar cututtuka na jini da kuma ketare, baya ga sababbin cututtukan cutar sankarar bargo.

A cikin cutar cutar sankarar lymphocytic mai tsanani , wanda yawanci ya kashe yara, cutar sankarar bargo na iya shigar da ruwa a kusa da kwakwalwa da kashin baya, samar da alaƙa da alaƙa irin su ciwon kai, hangen nesa, zubar da ciki da kuma kama (ba tare da alamun da ba na musamman ba).

A cikin cutar cutar sankarar jini mai tsanani , yawancin kashi 40 cikin dari na marasa lafiya ba su da alamar cututtuka, kuma ganewar asali na iya biyo baya daga dubawa ta yau da kullum ko ziyara don wani damuwa.

Cutar sankarar bargo Sanin asali

Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka, binciken binciken jiki, tarihin kiwon lafiya, da sauran alamu sun nuna cewa cutar sankarar barkewa ce yiwuwar, ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwajen daban-daban don yin ganewar asiri. Yin gwajin jini da gwagwarmayar launi na kasusuwa ana buƙatar don tabbatar da cutar, kuma ana iya yin suturar ƙwayoyi a wasu lokuta. Gwajin jini da ƙananan ɓaɓɓuka na karuwanci yana taimakawa wajen gane alamar AML, ALL, CML, da kuma CLL. Za a iya amfani da samfurori daga wasu shafukan don taimakawa wajen kimanta cutar sankarar bargo da kuma taimakawa wajen jagorancin magani.

Gwajin jini

Ƙididdigar jini, ko CBC , ta ƙunshi ƙididdigar jini na nau'o'in jini daban-daban domin sanin ko lambobinka sun faɗi cikin layi na al'ada ko maras kyau. Ana amfani da CBC sau da yawa tare da 'ƙididdiga', wanda zai samar da lambobi na kowane nau'i na sel, irin su neutrophils da lymphocytes, a ƙarƙashin kalmar kalmar 'jinin jini'.

Hanyoyin jini yana ba da haske sosai: An yi don kimanta ƙwayoyin jini a cikin ƙananan microscopically, sau da yawa bayan CBC ta atomatik tare da bambanci yana nuna mahaukaci ko ƙwayoyin marasa rai. Yayin da jini ya shafa, ƙwayoyin marasa lafiya da abubuwan rashin haɗari suna iya nunawa har ya yiwu ta hanyar bayyanar su.

Sakamakon ganewar asalin farko da kimantawa sun hada da wasu gwaje-gwaje na jini, kamar su na jini, don bincika yiwuwar cutar cutar sankarar bargo a cikin sauran kwayoyin, alal misali.

Bone Marrow Biopsy

A biopsy wata hanya ce wadda aka cire samfurin sel daga jiki don ƙarin nazarin. Kwayoyin halitta mai laushi yakan fara ne tare da yunkurin ɓawon nama, wanda yaduwar ƙwayar ruwa daga kasusuwa daga kasusuwa ta shiga cikin sirinji. Sa'an nan kuma, don biopsy kanta, babban gilashi yana yawanci gugawa tare da motsawa motsi a cikin kashi (yawanci hipbone) don samun karamin, cylindrical samfurin ɓawon rai. Ana nazarin samfurori na biopsy daga likitancin mutum kuma yana cigaba da gwada gwajin gwaje-gwaje. Dangane da irin cutar cutar sankarar da aka yi zaton, biopsies a wasu shafuka, irin su lymph nodes, na iya zama hannu.

Lumbar Puncture / Spinal Tap

Za a iya yin fashewa na lumbar ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙafar asalin don maganin cutar sankarar bargo. A karkashin wani cututtuka na gida, an saka wani allura a wani yanki na kashin baya don samun damar ruwan da ke kewaye da kuma wanke da kashin baya; an samo samfurin ruwa ne, tare da wasu kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo wanda zai iya kasancewa. Wani likitan ilimin likita ya gwada wannan ruwa.

Nazarin Halitta na Ƙwayoyin Ciki

Ana gwaje gwaje-gwaje akan kwayoyin halitta a jikin kwayoyin halitta kamar wani ɓangare na ganewar asali da kimantawa da cutar sankarar bargo. Nazarin cytogenic yana nufin gwaje-gwajen da ke nazarin canje-canje a cikin chromosomes na kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo. Wasu maye gurbi da gyare-gyare na kwayoyin halitta sun taimaka ma likitoci suyi hango yadda yadda mummunan zai iya nuna hali.

Scans da Hoto

Wani lokaci hotunan scans yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa likitoci su gano kwayoyin jiki a wani sashi na jiki don biopsy, ko don ƙayyade idan an kara girma ko a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph ko sauran gabobin.

Bincike na daban-daban cutar sankarar bargo

AML ana bincikar shi ta kasusuwan kwayar halitta da kuma bincike na binciken kasusuwan kasusuwan. AML wani lokaci yakan yada zuwa ruwan da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa da na kashin baya, don haka likitoci zasu iya yin fashewa na lumbar ko murfin kafar don samun ruwa ya tantance. Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje don bayyana bayanan kwayoyin AML, ciki har da halaye na chromosomal da wasu kwayoyin halitta da kuma canjin yanayi.

CLL an gano shi sau da yawa a cikin mutanen da ba su da alamun bayyanar cututtuka. CLL za a iya la'akari da shi a matsayin yiwuwar ganewar asalin lokacin da yaro yana da babban ƙimar lymphocyte, ko tayi saboda karin lymphocytes. Babban ƙididdigar lymphocyte na iya faruwa tare da wasu, yanayin rashin yiwuwar kamar ƙwayoyin mononucleosis da pertussis, duk da haka; suna kuma faruwa a wasu wasu ciwon jini.

A wasu lokuta na CLL, gwaje-gwajen jini na iya isa ga ganewar asali, amma gwada ƙwayar kasusuwa yana taimakawa wajen gaya yadda ake ci gaba, kuma an yi gwajin gwaje-gwaje na kasusuwa kafin magani. A wasu lokuta na CLL, wani ɓangare na chromosome na iya ɓacewa , wanda zai iya rinjayar hangen zaman gaba, don haka gwajin kwayoyin jikin kwayoyin mawuyacin abu mahimmanci ne.

CML , kamar CLL, ana iya ganowa kafin mutum yana da wani alamar bayyanar. CML na iya zama wanda ake zargi da shi ta hanyar gano abubuwan da ya gano a cikin jini sannan kuma yatsun kasusuwa. Yawancin marasa lafiya tare da CML suna da kwayoyin jini mai yawa da yawancin kwayoyin marasa lafiya a cikin jini. Wani lokaci CML marasa lafiya suna da ƙananan jini ko jinin jini. Wadannan binciken na iya nunawa cutar sankarar bargo, amma ganewar asali yakan buƙaci ƙarin gwajin jini ko gwajin gwaggwon biri don tabbatarwa.

A cikin mutanen da ke tare da CML, karfin kasusuwa yawancin 'hypercellular', ma'anar cewa yana da ƙwayoyin jini fiye da yadda aka sa ran yana cike da kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo. Wasu nau'i na gwajin kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin halitta sunyi ne don neman Philadelphia chromosome da / ko kuma BCR-ABL.

KASKIYARWA ba kullum ana bincikar su ba tare da nazarin ƙwayar kasusuwa ba. Yawancin mutane tare da DUK suna da jini mai yawa marasa jinin jini a cikin jininsu, kuma basu isa yaduwar kwayoyin launin jan ko tallan ba. Yawancin kwayoyin fararen fata zasu zama lymphoblasts ko busa. Wadannan lymphoblasts ne marasa lymphocytes marasa ƙarfi da basu aiki akai-akai. Kamar AML, tun da DUK zai iya yada zuwa yankin da ke kusa da kwakwalwa da na kashin baya, za'a iya samo ruwan da yake wanke waɗannan gabobin jikin ta hanyar lumbar dam ko tabarji. Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran cutar sankarar bargo, gwaje-gwaje na musamman sun bayyana halaye na kwayoyin halitta marar amfani don taimakawa wajen ƙayyade cututtuka da cutar sankarar jini. Alal misali, ɓangaren samfurin ya zama ɓangarori na sel baƙi idan sun kasance kwayoyin AML amma ba idan sun kasance Kwayoyin Kwayoyin ba.

Kwalejin Chromosome yana da rawar a cikin AML domin, kamar CML, wasu mutane tare da ALL suna da raguwa a cikin chromosomes wanda ke kaiwa ga chromosome Philadelphia. Kimanin kashi 25 cikin 100 na manya tare da ALL suna da wannan rashin haɗari a cikin kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo.

Da ke ƙasa an kiyasta ga yawan sababbin cututtuka na kowane irin cutar sankarar bargo a Amurka a kowace shekara:

• 19,950 sababbin lokuta na AML
• 18,960 sababbin lokuta na CLL
• 8,220 sababbin lokuta na CML
• 6,590 sababbin lokuta na ALL

Lokacin da za a ga likitanku

Ya kamata ku yi alƙawari tare da likitanku idan kuna da alamun da ke ci gaba ko alamar da ke damuwa da ku. Cutar sankarar bargowa na iya zama m kuma ba takamaimai ba. A wasu lokuta, an gano cutar sankarar jini a lokacin gwajin jini wanda aka yi don wani dalili.

Tun da yawancin cututtuka na cutar sankarar bargo kuma sun kasance alamun bayyanar cututtuka da yawa (kuma, a wasu lokuta, marasa lafiya), yana da muhimmanci kada tsoro. Yin aiki tare da likitanka zai iya taimakawa wajen binciko bincikenka na jiki ko bayyanar cututtuka a cikin mahallin, don ƙyale la'akari da matakai mafi dacewa.

Kalma Daga

Cikakken maganin cutar sankarar bargo zai iya saita duniya a ƙasa. Ko kai ne, ƙaunatacce, ko kuma yaronka, cutar sankarar bargo ne ainihin ganewar cewa babu wanda ya shirya. Sanin cewa al'amuran al'ada suna jin dadi.

Ilimi shine mataki na farko, kuma zai taimaka maka ka kula da tafiyar da kanka. A kusan dukkanin lokuta, akwai hanyar maganin warkar wanda ya kamata ya faru-wanda ba ya samo daga jakar jigilar IV, kwaya, ko transfusion.

Yi amfani da al'ummomin tallafi da albarkatu. Koyi daga mutanen da suka yi tafiya cikin takalma. Ku sani cewa ba ku kadai ba, ko da wani lokaci yana ji kamar ku. Kuma, koyaushe tambayoyi.

> _Sources:

> _{A cutar sankarar bargo da Lymphoma Society.} https://www.lls.org/sites/default/files/file_assets/understandingleukemia.pd

> _{Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Kanjamau cutar sankarar - Lafiya na Lafiya (PDQ). http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp}