Amfani da Prednisone ko Tsarin Cikakke na Yayi Tsayawa zuwa Cataracts
Magungunan magunguna, ciki har da mahimmanci, ana amfani dashi don magance cututtukan zuciya na ƙwayar cuta (IBD) . Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da za su iya faruwa a gefen haɓaka wanda zai iya faruwa tare da dogayen asarar ko amfani da tsawon lokaci shine ci gaba da cataracts.
Ana yin la'akari da takardun shaida a matsayin yanayin tsofaffi. Duk da haka, magungunan ƙwayar cuta na iya haifar da cataracts don bunkasa cikin ƙananan yara. Ba kamar wasu matsalolin da suke ciki ba, kamar gyaran fuska "mooning," ƙara yawan ci abinci, ciwon gashi, da kuma kuraje, wani cataract ba zai ɓace ba bayan da tsarin steroid magani ya cika.
Duk da haka, idan an rage girman magungunan steroid ko kuma an dakatar da shi, ƙaddamar da samfurori na yanzu ba zai sami girma ba.
Cataracts suna da sa'a sosai treatable. Ba duk wanda yake buƙatar magungunan sittin zai inganta cataracts. Wannan mummunan sakamako na steroids sananne, duk da haka, kuma duk wanda ke shan maganin ya kamata ya ga likita ido akai-akai.
Bayani
A cikin yawan jama'ar Amurka, an kiyasta cewa kashi 31 cikin dari na mutanen da ke da shekaru 65 zuwa 74, da kuma 53% na mutanen da suka kai shekarun 75, suna da akalla guda ɗaya. Cataracts na al'ada zasu iya faruwa a cikin jarirai (a cikin kimanin 10,000 a kowace shekara), amma yawanci shine sakamakon kamuwa da cuta, ko maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi ko kuma barasa a lokacin da ake ciki.
Bayan haske ya wuce ta yaron ido, sai ya wuce ta ruwan tabarau, wanda ya hada da ruwa da sunadaran farko. Gilashin tabarau yana aiki da kama da kyamara, yana maida hankali akan haske.
Gilashin ido na ido zai iya canza yanayin da zai mayar da hankalin abubuwa da ke kusa ko nisa. A lokacin tsarin tsufa na al'ada, wasu sunadarai a cikin ruwan tabarau na iya haɗuwa tare, haifar da wani yanki na opacity - a cataract. Yankin zai zama ya fi girma kuma ya fi dacewa a tsawon lokaci, yana watsi da ruwan tabarau kuma yana da wuya a ga.
Iri
Akwai nau'o'i daban-daban na uku: makaman nukiliya, kwatsam, da kuma bayanan ƙasa. Prednisone, ko dai a baki ko kuma ido ya saukad da shi, na iya haifar da ƙananan rubutun ƙira.
- Makaman nukiliya: Wannan nau'i na cataract yana tasowa sannu-sannu, yafi kowa a cikin tsofaffi, kuma yana ba da ido ga zane-zane.
- Cortical: Wannan nau'i na cataract ne na kowa a cikin mutane da ciwon sukari. Cortical cataract siffofin a cikin ruwan tabarau cortex, kuma ƙarshe ƙara da waje kamar kakakin a kan dabaran.
- Ƙananan subcapsular: Irin wannan cataract na iya haifar da babban allurai ko yin amfani da prednisone tsawo, matsananci hangen nesa , da kuma retinitis pigmentosa. Wannan nau'i na samfurori a baya na ruwan tabarau, kuma bayyanar cututtuka suna ci gaba da sauri (a cikin watanni, maimakon shekaru). Yayin da hasken ke wucewa ta wurin bayan tabarau tare da cataract, an warwatse fiye da mayar da hankali. Mutumin da ke da kwanciyar hankali na farko zai iya samun matsala yayin ganin abubuwa masu kusa.
Cutar cututtuka
Kwayoyin cututtuka na cataracts sun hada da:
- Binciken Blurry
- Launuka (musamman blue) sun bayyana bace
- Dama wuya a gani a cikin ɗakin dakuna ko ɗakuna
- Biyu hangen nesa
- Film a kan hangen nesa (kama da neman ta hanyar iska mai tsabta)
- Kwanan takardun magani na kyan gani na yau da kullum
- Ƙara rashin haske
- Ganin halos kewaye da hasken wuta
- Rage hangen nesa na dare
Dalili na Hadarin
Yin amfani da prednisone, wanda ake gudanarwa a manyan dogayen ko don lokaci mai tsawo, yana da haɗari ga caji. Duk da haka, akwai wasu abubuwa masu haɗari, ciki har da shekaru, kafin aikin tiyata ko cututtuka, yanayi mai mahimmanci, da wasu magunguna.
Yanayin yanayi wanda ke kawo hadarin cataracts:
- Ciwon sukari
- Down ciwo
- Galactosemia
- Yara da ƙwayar wariyar launin fata
- Muscular dystrophy
- Myotonic dystrophy
- Retinitis pigmentosa
- Uveitis
- Cutar Wilson
Magunguna da zasu kara haɗarin cataracts sun haɗa da:
- Amiodarone (antiarrhythmic)
- Chlorpromazine (mai kwarewa)
- Lovastatin (cholesterol-lowering drug)
- Phenytoin (antiseizure)
Babu magani wanda aka sani don hana cataracts. Duk da haka, ana tunanin cewa rage cin abinci a cikin antioxidants (beta-carotene, bitamin C, da kuma bitamin E) na iya taimakawa wajen hana cataracts, da sauran yanayin lafiya. Ƙarar Ultraviolet shine sanadiyar haɗari; sa tufafi tabarau ko hat tare da baki don rage daukan hotuna. Har ila yau, mummunan ido yana da wata haɗari; sa tufafi masu tsaro lokacin da suke aiki a inda ake iya cin hanci.
Jiyya
A farkon matakan lalacewa, ana iya inganta gani ta hanyar yin amfani da tabarau, haske mai dacewa, da ƙila mai girma don karantawa ko aikin kusa. Duk da haka, idan lalacewar ya ci gaba zuwa wani wuri inda ayyukan yau da kullum ke da wuya, tiyata zai iya zama dole. Abin farin ciki, labarun aikin tiyata ne na kowa da lafiya, tare da mafi yawan marasa lafiya suna bayar da rahoton ingantaccen gani da kuma kyakkyawan rayuwa bayan haka.
Akwai nau'i biyu na cataract tiyata: phacoemulsification da extracapsular . A cikin aikin tiyata, wani karamin bincike da ke fitar da raƙuman tayi na duban dan tayi ya sa a cikin ido ta hanyar karkata. Hanyoyin dan tayi yana haifar da lalacewa zuwa kashi guda, wanda aka cire daga ido.
A cikin samfurori na cataractular tiyata, an cire ruwan tabarau tare da cataract daga ido kuma an maye gurbin da tabarau na intraocular artificial. Gilashin launi na wucin gadi yana dubi kuma yana jin dadi, ko da yake ba zai iya canja siffar kamar tabarau na halitta ba. Mutum tare da ruwan tabarau na intraocular zai buƙatar gashin ido don karatun ko kusa aiki.
Sources:
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Ryskulova A, Turczyn K, Makuc D, Janiszewski R. "Cututtuka da Duka Kayayyakin Tarihi a Amurka: Sakamakon binciken Interview na Tarihi na 2002 na Amnesty International Jumma'a na Am Jumma'a 2008 Maris; 98: 454-461.