Muhimmiyar Mahimmanci ga Brain
Sukan jijiyoyin cranial wani tasiri ne mai mahimmanci na jijiyoyi, dukkansu suna tafiya kai tsaye zuwa kwakwalwa maimakon ta hanyar kashin baya, kamar sauran jijiyoyi. Kwayoyin cranial suna da abubuwa da yawa masu tasiri ga rayuwar yau da kullum, don haka suna da muhimmanci ga masu likita, da kuma marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtuka na aikin nervous cranial.
Sai dai idan kun kasance likitan likita, ba dole ba ne ku san duk bayanan game da kowane mutum.
Duk da haka, bayanin da ke ƙasa zai taimake ka ka fahimci tushen matsaloli na musamman da ka samu, da kuma shiryar da kai ga ƙarin bayani.
Ƙaramar Nama
Tsawon jinji yana da alhakin aikawa duk abin da muke ji daɗin kwakwalwa. Rushewar da wannan jijiyar zai iya haifar da anosmia, rashin iyawa don gane ƙananan haushi . Wannan kuma yana da tasiri sosai game da dandano.
Mafi Nervous
Sashin jijiya yana nuna siginonin lantarki daga ido zuwa kwakwalwa, wanda ya canza wadannan sigina a cikin hoton abin da muke gani a duniya da ke kewaye da mu. Rashin lafiya na jijiyar jiki, irin su neuritis, zai iya haifar da rikice-rikice da kuma makanta.
A Oculomotor Nerve
Nervous najin yana da manyan ayyuka guda biyu. Na farko, jijiyar mai amfani da sakonni yana nuna sakonni wanda zai sa idanun su motsawa a kowace hanya ba tare da sarrafa wasu jijiyoyin cranial ba. Abu na biyu, jijiyar mai dauke da kwayar cutar tana dauke da zarutattun launi ga iris , yana haifar da iris ya ƙuntata lokacin da kake cikin haske mai haske.
Sakon da ke cikin jijiyar mai jiwuwa zai iya haifar da hangen nesa kawai (diplopia), amma kuma zai iya haifar da "yaro mai ƙwanƙwasa" -a yaron da ba zai iya ƙuntatawa ba. Saboda yanayinsa, ƙwayar mai jijin na iya zama mai lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar intracranial tayi , kuma ɗalibin ƙwararre zai iya zama alamar mummunan ƙwayar cutar.
Nervinar Nerve
Nada ƙwayar cuta yana sarrafa wani tsoka wanda yake motsa ido a ƙasa da waje. Rigar wannan jijiyar zai iya haifar da diplopia, wanda za'a inganta ta hanyar karkatar da kai daga ido mai ido.
Maganin Tigeminal
Nada tausin zuciya shine ainihin jijiyar jin dadi, ma'anar cewa yana sake jin daɗin daga fuska zuwa kwakwalwa. Bugu da ƙari, jijiyar cututtuka yana kula da wasu tsokoki na fuskar fuska. Daya daga cikin matsalolin rikice-rikice da matsala tare da jijiyar cututtuka shine ƙananan neuralgia , matsanancin fushin fuska.
Abervens Nerve
Wannan jijiya yana kula da ciwon da ke motsa ido daga hanci. Sakon na jijiyar abducens yana haifar da hangen nesa, wanda hoto ɗaya yake kusa da juna. Wani lokaci majijin abducens za a iya tasiri a bangarorin biyu a lokuta na karuwa da intracranial, irin su pseudotumor cerebri .
Facial Nerve
Nada tausayin fuskar mutum yana da rikitarwa. Ba wai kawai yana sarrafa mafi yawan tsokoki na fuska ba; wannan jijiyar kuma yana fitar da alamun dandano daga gaban harshe, yana nuna fibers na sutura wanda ya sa idanu ya hawaye da bakinsa, kuma yana da alhakin ɗan jinin da ke kunne a kunne. Har ila yau, yana taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙe ji ta hanyar kula da tsofaffin muscle stapedius.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kullun fuska na fuskar mutum, irin su a cikin ƙwayar cutar ta Bell , zai haifar da matsaloli fiye da kawai lalacewar fuska, ko da yake irin wannan rashin ƙarfi shine mafi mahimmanci bayyanar.
Nervar Vestibulocochlear
Wannan jijiya yana da manyan abubuwa guda biyu: sashen ɓangaren na komar da bayanai na kwakwalwa zuwa kwakwalwa domin mu ji, kuma ɗayan ɗayan suna aika sakonni game da daidaitawa da motsi. Matsaloli tare da jijiya na vestibulocochlear, to, zai iya haifar da rashin lalacewa ko gashi , kuma yakan haifar da duka biyu.
Ginin Glossopharyngeal
Maganin glossopharyngeal yana da nau'i na aiki mara kyau. Wannan jijiyar yana da alhakin dandano daga baya na harshen, jinin daga ƙananan ɓangare na kunnen da sassan harshe da ƙuruwa, da innervation na daya tsoka da muhimmanci ga haɗiye (styloharyngeus), da salivation da glandar da ake yi.
Har ila yau yana karɓar muhimmiyar bayani game da matsa lamba daga jini daga chebataceptors da baroreceptors a jikin carotid. Halin daji na glossopharyngeal zai iya haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda yanayin da yake da damuwa ga haɗuwa.
Jigaba ta Faruwa
Wannan jiji yana sarrafa pharynx (don haɗiye) da kuma larynx (don magana), da jin dadi daga pharynx, wani ɓangare na meninges da ƙananan ƙananan kunne. Kamar ƙwayar glossopharyngeal, nervar naman yana gano dandano (daga bakin wuya) kuma yana gano alamomi na musamman daga chemo da baroreceptors kusa da zuciya (a cikin baka mai kwari). Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙwayar naman daji tana siffanta sautin zuciya na zuciya, sakonni wanda zai iya jinkirta bugun zuciya. Saboda dangantaka da zuciya, rikitarwa na nervar naman zai iya zama mai hatsarin gaske. A wani ɓangaren kuma, an nuna ƙarfin jinin naman daji yana iya amfani da shi a cikin mummunar cuta, ciki har da epilepsy.
Nada Naman Ƙarin Naman Ƙasa
Nada jijiya ta jiki ba shi da rikitarwa fiye da wadanda suka riga ya shiga. Yana da aiki ɗaya ɗaya: don haifar da rikitarwa na tsoka mai tsoka da kuma trapezius don taimakawa wajen motsa kai ko kafada. Rashin lafiyar wannan jijiya yana rage karfin yin amfani da waɗannan tsokoki.
Magunguna Hypoglossal
Magungunan hypoglossal yana sarrafa dukan ƙungiyoyi na harshe. Difficulty magana (dysarthria) yana iya haifar da mummunan ciwon haɗari.
Sources
- Hal Blumenfeld, Neuroanatomy ta hanyar Cutar Clinical. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002
- Ropper AH, Samuels MA. Ka'idodi na Adams da Victor na ilimin lissafi, 9th ed: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009. McCabe MP, O'Connor EJ.