Shafukan Wuta na Kwayoyin Wuta Mutuwar Metastases
Mutane da yawa da ke fama da ciwon huhu na huhu sun san cewa cutar kanjamau za ta iya yadawa. Kusan kashi 40 cikin dari na mutanen da suka kamu da ciwon huhu a yanzu suna da metastases zuwa wasu sassa na jiki. Ta yaya kuma a ina ne cutar tajin ƙwaƙwalwar cutar ta hadu, kuma ta yaya za ku sani idan ciwon daji ya yada?
Bayani
Ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta zai iya yadawa lokacin da kwayoyin halitta suka karya daga kututture, kuma suyi tafiya ta hanyar jini ko lymphatics (tasoshin cikin jiki ta hanyar jigilar kwayoyin jini da jini) zuwa yankunan nisa na jiki kuma suna girma.
Wannan tsari ana kiransa metastasis.
Yana da muhimmanci a rarrabe tsakanin na farko (inda ciwon daji ke farawa) da kuma cututtuka na biyu idan ke magana game da yaduwa ko ƙaddamar da ciwon daji. Kwayar cutar ciwon huhu ta farko da ake yadawa zuwa kashi shine "ciwon daji na huhu" ne kamar yadda "ciwon daji na nama" yake. Hakazalika, anada kwakwalwa na huhu da ke yada kwakwalwa akan "ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu a kwakwalwa" maimakon "kwakwalwa ciwon daji. "
Ga wadanda suke so su sani game da yadda yasa wannan ya faru, ko da bayan da aka cire tumuttuka gaba daya, zaku iya duba waɗannan shafukan akan yadda cutar ta ci gaba da kuma dalilin da yasa wasu cututtuka suka dawo (recur) .
Ƙungiyoyi na Yamma
Labaran ciwon huhu zai iya yada zuwa kusan kowane yanki na jiki, amma al'amuran na kowa shine ƙwayoyin lymph , hanta, kasusuwa, kwakwalwa, da kuma glandan daji. Bari mu dubi kowane ɗayan waɗannan wurare daban.
Nodes na Lymph
Yawancin cututtukan daji na farko sun yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin akwati kusa da tsari.
Yayin da ciwon ciwon ya ci gaba, ciwon daji zai iya tafiya zuwa yankunan da ke cikin kirji gaba daya daga farkon ƙwayar, sa'an nan kuma zuwa wasu sassan jiki. Ba kamar metastases zuwa wasu sassan jiki ba, yaduwar ciwon daji na huhu a cikin ƙananan lymph ba ya nufin cewa yana da matukar gamsarwa ( mataki na 4 marasa karamin kwayar cutar ko ciwon ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu na kananan ƙwayoyin cutar ).
Duk wani ciwon daji na ciwon daji na jiki fiye da mataki na 1 marasa ciwon ƙwayoyin cutar ciwon huhu na iya haɗawa da ciwon daji wanda suka yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph.
Yawancin lokaci, yaduwar cutar ciwon huhu a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph ba zai haifar da wani bayyanar cututtuka ba. Lokacin da waɗannan ciwon sukari suka kara zuwa ga ƙwayar lymph a cikin ƙwayar huhu, za ka iya lura da wani dunƙule a cikin wuyanka ko damfinka, kamar (amma yawanci yawanci) zuwa glanden da kuka kasance a cikin tsohuwar ƙwayar.
Kwayar magani yawanci shine ilimin chemotherapy sai dai idan ƙwayoyin lymph da suke da hannu suna kusa da kututtukan farko kuma za'a iya cire su tare da tiyata .
Kashe
Kusan kashi 30 zuwa 40 cikin dari na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu na huhu sun yada (metastases) zuwa kasusuwa. Yawancin kasusuwan da suka fi dacewa su shafi su shine kashin baya (musamman a cikin kwakwalwa da ƙananan ƙananan ciki), ƙashin ƙugu, da ƙasusuwan kasusuwan makamai da ƙafafunsu (nau'in humerus da femur). Labaran ciwon huhu yana da mahimmanci a cikin cewa zai iya yada zuwa hannun da ƙafa.
Mafi yawan bayyanar da aka samu na kasuwa na kasuwa shine zafi. Sau da yawa ciwo yana farawa hankali, yana kama da ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jiki, kuma yana cigaba da ciwo mai tsanani. Saboda raunin da kasusuwa daga kututturewa, wasu mutane suna ci gaba da ɓarna ( cututtuka ) wanda ke faruwa tare da damuwa kadan ko ma a lokacin ayyukan yau da kullum.
Idan cutar kanjamau ta yadu zuwa kashin baya, zai iya sanya matsin lamba a kan kashin baya (ƙananan rufi) wanda zai iya zama gaggawa gaggawa. Wannan na iya haifar da rauni ko tingling a cikin kafafu ko wahala tafiya. Ciwon daji wanda ya hadu da kasusuwa zai iya karya kasusuwan ƙwayoyin calcium a cikin jini ( hypercalcemia ) ya haifar da alamun rikice-rikicen rikice-rikice, rashin ƙarfi na tsoka, da asarar ci daga wasu.
Gwaje-gwaje don neman samfurori na kasuwa na iya haɗawa da launi, PET scan , CT , ko MRI . Manufar farko ta maganin ƙaddamar da ƙananan ƙananan ƙasa shine rage ƙananan ciwo kuma gyara ko hana haɗuwa da ke faruwa. Zaɓuɓɓuka sun hada da magunguna, maganin radiation , magunguna don kokarin hana raunin kashi, da tiyata don magance kasusuwa.
Brain
Labaran huhu ne mafi yawan ciwon daji wanda ke yaduwa ga kwakwalwa, kuma akalla kashi 40 cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu na ciwon huhu zai haifar da cin zarafin kwakwalwa a wani lokaci a lokacin rashin lafiya. Dukansu marasa ciwon huhu na huhu da ƙananan ciwon huhu na ƙwayar cutar za su iya yada zuwa kwakwalwa. Ƙananan ciwon huhu na ciwon huhu zai iya yadawa cikin kwakwalwa, sau da yawa kafin a gane asali. Cranial irradiation (PCI) , wani nau'i na radiation far, ana iya amfani da ita don ƙoƙarin hana wannan daga faruwa.
Ciwon daji na huhu wanda ya yada zuwa kwakwalwa zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka ta hanyar lalacewar nauyin kwakwalwa da kuma haifar da kumburi da kumburi da ke sanya matsin lamba a cikin kwakwalwa. A kusan kashi uku na mutane, babu alamun bayyanar.
Kwayoyin cutar na iya haɗawa da ciwon kai, damewa, rashin daidaituwa da daidaituwa, wahalar da magana, canje-canjen hangen nesa, asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da canje-canjen mutum, rauni a gefe guda na jiki, da gajiya.
Kwayar ciwon huhu da ke cikin kwakwalwa tana karuwa tare da CT scan ko MRI na kwakwalwa.
Gurasar tana da mahimmanci, ma'anar cewa manufar shine ta sarrafa bayyanar cututtuka kuma kada a gwada maganin ciwon daji. Za a iya amfani da steroid don rage ƙumburi. Za a iya amfani da magunguna da magungunan maganin magunguna don sarrafa ciwon kai da haɗari. Tsarin radiation na iya zama tasiri sosai wajen rage cututtuka ga wasu mutane.
Idan guda daya ko wasu ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin kwakwalwar ƙwayar cuta sun kasance - wani abu da ake kira "oligometastases" - jiyya da ko dai aikin tiyata ko na'urar rediyo na Siriya (SBRT) wanda aka sani da wuka na cyber ko gamma wuka, ya haifar da kulawar cutar ta tsawon lokacin wasu mutane.
Hudu
Maganin ciwon huhu wanda ya yada zuwa hanta ba zai haifar da wani bayyanar cututtuka ba kuma ana gano shi a lokacin da gwaji, kamar CT scan, an yi don neman yaduwar ciwon daji. Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance, suna iya haɗawa da ciwo a ƙarƙashin haƙarƙarinka a gefen dama na jikinka, asarar abincin, da kuma tashin hankali. Idan akwai ciwace-ciwa da yawa a cikin hanta ko kuma idan metastases sunyi yawa don hana tsire a cikin hanta, zaku iya samar da jaundice (launin launin fata da fata na idanunku).
Gwaje-gwaje da aka yi don neman yaduwar cutar ciwon huhu a cikin hanta zai iya haɗawa da duban dan tayi, CT scan daga ciki, ko kuma PET dubawa.
Kwayar magani yawancin lokaci an tsara shi don magance magunguna na farko. A wasu lokuta, idan kawai ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ko ƙananan ciwon sukari ba a nan ba, ana iya bada tiyata don cire tumɓuro. Wani lokaci wani tsarin da ake kira embolization zai iya bada shawarar da. Wannan hanya ce da zata dakatar da jini zuwa ɓangaren hanta don haka kwayoyin cutar ciwon da ke ciki ba zasu iya tsira ba.
Adrenal Glands
Maganin ciwon huhu ya yadu zuwa gland (ƙananan gland da ke zaune a kan kodan da kuma haifar da kwayoyin hormones), baya haifar da wani bayyanar cututtuka, kuma mafi yawancin lokuta an gano shi ba zato ba tsammani lokacin da aka yi nazari don magance ciwon daji.
Jiyya da chemotherapy don ciwon daji zai iya zama taimako. A cikin ƙananan mutanen da suka iya samun ciwon huhu ta huhu kuma sun sami wuri ɗaya a cikin daya daga cikin glanders, dakin aiki don cire glanden gwanin da kuma adonal metastases ya haifar da rayuwa na dogon lokaci.
Sauran Yankuna
Yayin da yankunan da ke sama suna shafukan yanar gizo na musamman don cutar kanjamau, cutar kanjamau ta yadu a cikin lokaci, yaduwa, ƙwayar fata, koda, da nono.
Faɗakarwa
Baya ga yaduwa zuwa ƙwayar lymph wanda zai iya hada da farkon cutar, cutar kanjamau wadda ta yada zuwa yankunan nisa na jiki an kwatanta shi a matsayin ciwon ƙwayar mahaifa ko ƙananan ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar cutar kwayar cutar. Kusan tsawon shekara 5 na rayuwa na ciwon kwakwalwa 4 marasa ciwon ƙwayoyin cutar ciwon huhu na jiki ba shi da bakin ciki kawai kusan kashi 2. Rayuwa ta tsakiya, wannan shine yawan lokaci bayan rabin mutane har yanzu suna raye kuma rabi ya wuce, yana da watanni 8. Kusan yawan shekaru 5 na rayuwa na ciwon ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu na kananan kwayoyin halitta shine kashi 2. Rayuwa ta rayuwa shine watanni 6 zuwa 12 tare da magani, amma kawai 2 zuwa 4 watanni ba tare da magani ba.
Wannan ya ce, akwai mutanen da suka tsira kuma sun yi aiki nagari har tsawon shekaru masu yawa bayan da aka gano asibiti na ciwon huhu da ya yada. Bugu da ƙari, sababbin jiyya, irin su kwayoyin immunotherapy da aka amince da su a shekara ta 2015 , ba da fatan cewa ga wasu mutane, tsawon rayuwa zai iya yiwuwa. Yayinda wadannan kwayoyi ba su aiki ga kowa ba, wasu mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu na ciwon huhu sun sami "amsa mai mahimmanci" ga waɗannan magunguna - ma'ana, a wasu kalmomin, rayuwa mai tsawo.
Layin Ƙasa
Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, a ƙarƙashin rubutun ga wasu sassan jikin da cutar kutsawa ta iya yadawa, ita ce lokacin da kawai wasu shafukan yanar-gizon metastasis sun kasance, suna kula da waɗannan matakan da suka hada da ci gaba da maganin ciwon daji fiye da kawai za a iya la'akari. Yawancin masu bincike yanzu sun gaskata cewa cigaba a hanyoyin maganin jiyya ga mutanen da ke da 'yan ƙananan ƙaddarar abu ne kawai ya sanya wa wasu mutane tare da oligometastases saboda ciwon daji na ciwon huhu don samun dogon lokaci tare da rayuwa mai kyau.
> Sources:
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> Peters, S., Bexelius, C., Munk, V., da kuma N. Leighl. Rashin Imanin Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Brain a kan Rayuwar Rayuwa, Amfani da Magancewa da Rayuwa a marasa lafiya tare da marasa ciwon ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar cuta. Cancer Jiyya Reviews . 2016. 45: 139-62.
> Stephens, S., Moravan, M., da J. Salama. Gudanar da marasa lafiya tare da Oligometastatic Ƙananan Ƙwayar Ciwon Kwayoyin Tsuntsu. Jaridar Oncology Practice . 2018 14 (1): 23-31.
> Suzuki, J., da kuma I. Yoshino. Dama don Oligometastasis a Cikin Ƙananan Ciwon Kwayoyin Ciwon Kwayoyin Kwayoyin cuta. Janar Thoracic da Tiyata na Lafiya . 2016 64 (4): 192-6.