Kwayoyin cututtuka, ganewar asali, Jiyya da Sanarwar NPH (Water on the Brain)
Halin al'ada hydrocephalus (NPH) wani yanayi ne wanda ke haifar da ruwa mai gina jiki (ruwan da aka samo a cikin kashin baya da kwakwalwa) a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa. Hydrocephalus, a gaskiya, yana nufin "ruwa a kwakwalwa."
Tsarin gina ruwa yana faruwa ne lokacin da akwai wani sashi a cikin kwarara ko shayar da ruwa mai ruwan sanyi. Sau da yawa, duk da gina gina jiki, kadan ko babu karuwa a matsa lamba a cikin kwanyar, saboda haka sunan "al'ada" yana daukar nauyi hydrocephalus.
Lokacin da aka ba da takardar shaidar Dr. Salomon Hakim a shekarar 1964, inda ya fara bayyana irin abubuwan da ake ginawa na ruwa.
NPH sau da yawa ba a gane su kamar cutar Alzheimer , Parkinson ko Creutzfeldt-Jakob saboda cutar ta fyauce. Wasu matakai sun kiyasta cewa kusan mutane 250,000 tare da Alzheimer, wani damuwa ko Parkinson na iya samun NPH, yayin da wasu ke sanya lambar da yawa.
Dalilin
Wasu lokuta akwai wasu dalilan da suka haifar kamar su raunin da ya faru, ciwon kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa, da ciwon zuciya, da dai sauransu. Sau da yawa, duk da haka, babu wani abu mai banbanci.
Cutar cututtuka
Akwai alamomi guda uku na NPH:
- Difficile da tafiya : Jigon farko shine sauyewa a tafiya da gait (motsi na kafa da tafiya) ko kuma jin cewa ƙafafunsa sun kasance a kasa. Matakanka na iya zama matalauci, kuma zaka iya yin tafiya tare da tsayi, jinkiri.
- Tsarin mahaifa ko rashin daidaituwa : Kuna iya samun matsala tare da yaduwar jima'i ko kuma jin kamar dole ka je gidan wanka akai-akai. Mai yiwuwa baza ku iya yin shi a gidan wanka ba a lokaci.
- Canje-canje na bincike : Mutanen da ke tare da NPH suna nuna alamun bayyanar cututtuka , kamar rikicewa, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da canje-canje.
Ta yaya NPH ya bambanta daga Alzheimer's?
Sakamakon farko na NPH shine yawanci uku da aka tsara a sama. Alzheimer ta bayyanar cututtuka , a gefe guda, farawa da farko a matsayin al'amurran da suka shafi tunani, irin su rage ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da wahalolin koyo sababbin abubuwa.
Tashin hankali da matsaloli tare da iyawar motsawa sau da yawa sukan cigaba da ci gaba kamar yadda Alzheimer ke ci gaba, amma basu kasance alamun bayyanar cututtuka ba a farkon farkon Alzheimer.
Har ila yau, yana iya samun duka NPH da Alzheimer a lokaci guda, wanda ke haifar da ganewar asali da magani.
Sanin asali
An gane ganewar asali na NPH lokacin da mutum yana da lahani a tafiya da daidaitawa banda gazawar da ba shi da haɓaka ko rashin lafiya. NPH an gano shi ne kullum ta hanyar neurologist ko neurosurgeon ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje da yawa, wanda zai iya hada da wadannan:
- CT dubawa
- MRI dubawa
- Kayan kaji
Wasu likitoci sun bukaci dakatar da asibitin kwana-kwana inda zasu iya ci gaba da auna ma'aunin ƙwayar magunguna ta hanyar saka karamin kulawa a kwakwalwa. Dole kuma likita zai iya sanya karamin gwanon catheter, wanda yayi kama da ƙananan tube, a cikin ƙananan baya, tare da kashin baya. Wannan zai iya ƙyale ƙarin jinji na ruwan sama don yin ruwa daga jiki. Ƙungiyar likita za su gani idan bayyanar cututtuka na inganta idan akwai ƙananan samar da ruwa. Idan aiki yana inganta sosai, ana tabbatar da ganewar asali kuma mutumin zai iya amfana daga shunt da aka sanya a kwakwalwarsa.
Jiyya
Jiyya yawanci ya kunshi sakawa zuwa cikin ventricle kwakwalwa don yaɗa ruwa ta hanyar karamin catheter.
Shunt ne mai tsabta. Akwai nau'i biyu:
- Ventricoperitoneal shunt: An sanya wannan shunt a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa kuma yana da ƙananan catheter, ko tube, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa cikin ciki, inda za'a iya sake saki ruwa kuma ya koma.
- Ventriculoatrial shunt: Wannan shunt ta catheter an saka a cikin ventricle kuma drains zuwa cikin jugular vein, located kawai sama da atrium na zuciya.
Bugu da ƙari, magunguna irin su acetazolamide ana amfani da su a wasu lokuta don biyan NPH.
Faɗakarwa
Mahimmancin ya bambanta da NPH. Sanin asali na farko ya zama dole. Yayinda wasu mutane ba su inganta yawanci ba tare da sanya jituwa, wasu suna kusan dawowa idan an gano NPH da kuma bi da su da wuri.
Yawanci, aikin tafiya na mutum shi ne na farko da ya inganta, kuma aiki na ƙarshe shi ne na ƙarshe don inganta, idan ya aikata.
Sources:
Alzheimer's Association. Hanyar Dannawa Hydrocephalus. Samun damar Nuwamba 18, 2011. http://www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_normal_pressure_hydrocephalus.asp
Kungiyar Hydrocephalus. Tsarin Mulki na Hydorcephalus. Samun shiga Disamba 21, 2011. https://www.hydroassoc.org/hydrocephalus-education-and-support/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus/
NPH NP. Sanin asalin NPH. Samun shiga Disamba 22, 2011. http://www.lifenph.com/diagnosis.asp
MedlinePlus.gov. Hanyar Dannawa Hydrocephalus. Samun dama ga Nuwamba 18, 2011. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000752.htm
Ƙungiyar Cibiyar Kwayoyin Tsaro ta Duniya da Tashin Kashe. Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Ƙasar. Hanyoyin Gudanar da Bayanai na Hydrocephalus. Samun shiga Disamba 22, 2011. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/normal_pressure_hydrocephalus/normal_pressure_hydrocephalus.htm
Shprecher, David, Schwalb, Jason, da Kurlan, Roger. Maganin da ke faruwa a halin yanzu da kuma Neuroscience Sake rahoton Yanayin Harkokin Halitta Hydrocephalus: Bincike da Kulawa. An shiga watan Disambar 21, 2011. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2674287/
UCLA Health System. UCLA Neurosurgery. Hanyar Dannawa Hydrocephalus. An shiga watan Disambar 21, 2011. http://neurosurgery.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=188