Kamar yadda kalma ta ke cewa: Yanayin wahala suna kira ga matakan gaggawa, kuma mafi kyau misali shine annobar cutar ciwon yara . Ga yara da matasa waɗanda ke cancanta ga nau'in ƙananan ƙwayar cuta , za a ƙara yin la'akari da magunguna na ƙarshe: aikin tiyata.
An yi la'akari da tiyata akan aikin hawan nauyi ga masu balagagge mai tsanani wanda ke fama da nauyin lafiyar lafiyar jiki kuma sunyi kokarin wasu hanyoyin su rasa nauyi har tsawon watanni shida-amma ba tare da nasara ba.
Shaida ta nuna cewa tiyata zai iya taimaka wa waɗannan yara su guje wa matsalolin haɗari irin su ciwon sukari, haɗarin barci mai barci, da hauhawar jini. Binciken daga Saudi Arabia ya gano cewa yara masu girma, masu shekaru 5 zuwa 21, waɗanda ke fama da aikin tiyata sun rasa kashi 62 cikin dari na nauyin nauyin nauyin bayan shekaru biyu-kuma yawancin su sun magance matsalolin hawan cholesterol, cutar hawan jini, barci mai kwakwalwa, da kuma ciwon sukari.
Duk da haka, duk da waɗannan amfannun abubuwan da suka samu, yin amfani da aikin tiyata a tsakanin matasa ya karu tun daga shekarar 2003 a Amurka, bisa ga bincike na 2013. Kudin da damar samun kulawa na iya zama mahimman bayanai a cikin "rashin amfani da wannan mawuyacin halin da ake ciki a rayuwar yara da 'yan mata na matsanancin halin zamantakewa," in ji masu bincike.
Daban Daban Daban Daban Daban Daban Daban
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na aikin tiyata da abin da yafi dacewa ga yara ko matasa ba a ƙaddara su ba.
Tare da launi na Roux-en-Y ke aiki, likitan likita na haifar da karamin jaka a saman ciki, ta yin amfani da tsaka-tsari, kuma ya haɗa jakar a tsakiyar ɓangaren ƙananan hanji. Wannan jakar za ta iya ɗaukar wani ɓangare na abincin da yake ciki kawai, don haka yana tilasta mutumin ya cinye abincin da ya rage.
Bugu da ƙari, saboda abincin da aka cinye ya wuce kashi mafi girma na ciki da kuma hanji na sama, da adadin kuzari kaɗan an shayar da su daga abinci.
Tare da tiyata mai magunguna, an sanya madaidaiciyar kamfanonin silicone a kusa da ɓangaren sama na ciki don ƙirƙirar ƙananan jaka; wannan ya ƙayyade adadin abincin da mutum zai iya cinye da kuma haifar da jinin cikar sauri. Wannan nau'i ne mai mahimmanci na aikin tiyata, kuma ba ta dame shi ba tare da abincin gina jiki yadda hanyar tiyata ta yi. Za'a iya gyara band din, yana sa shi ya fi sauƙi ko kuma sassauka, don karɓar bukatun mutum na asarar nauyi, kuma za'a iya cire shi, idan ya cancanta.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy rage yawan ciki ciki da 75 bisa dari, barin wani "kungiya" ƙananan "tube" ko tube a wurinsa; Wannan ya ƙayyade yawancin abinci wanda mutum zai iya ci a lokaci guda. Saboda bata kewaye da hanyoyi ba, hanya ba ta dame shi ba tare da shayarwa na gina jiki-amma yana iya rage adadin ghrelin, hormone na yunwa, wanda ke ciki ya haifar da shi, don haka yana ba da gudunmawa ga dogon lokaci. Kamar dai yadda aikin tiyata ya yi, ba hanya ba ne.
Binciken farko sun gano wadannan hanyoyin da za su iya zama lafiya da kuma tasiri a tsakanin matasa, tare da sakamakon gajeren lokaci kamar kamanni.
A cikin nazarin binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2014 game da hanyoyin 345 da matasa da matasa, masu bincike a Jamus sun gano cewa mafi yawancin lokuta da yawa a cikin wannan yawan jama'a sun kasance masu yin amfani da galibi da kuma tazarar gastric, kuma daga bisani sunyi aiki daidai. Bayan shekara guda, zagaye na haɓaka ya haifar da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar, sa'an nan kuma ƙwaƙwalwar kamala da ƙuƙwalwa ta hanyar ƙyama-amma duk hanyoyi guda uku sun haifar da asarar kullun da ƙananan matsaloli.
Binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2013 a Jami'ar Ma'aikatar Medicine ta Miami ta gano cewa yara masu shekaru 10 zuwa 19 wadanda ke yin aikin tiyata sun fi sau biyu a asarar nauyin hasara bayan shekara guda a matsayin wadanda ke da tasiri na tilastawa garu.
A halin yanzu, bincike na 2012 a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Ƙananan yara a Birnin Washington, DC, ta gano cewa yawancin matasan da ke mutuwa ba su da kashi 40 cikin dari na yawan nauyin jikin su saboda jinin da aka yi da laparoscopic.
Babban damuwa mai girma
Duk da irin wannan nasara, yawancin lokuta akan aikin tiyata a yara da matasa sun rasa. A halin yanzu, babu wata hanya ta san abin da ya faru a kan rayuwar yara da suka yi aikin tiyata tun lokacin da ba a samu hanyoyin nan ba ga iyayensu lokacin da suke yara. Samun fahimta game da gajeren lokaci na nasara, da sake dawowa da kiba, da kuma irin matsalolin da zasu iya faruwa a baya bayanan (bayan haka, jikin jariran yana girma) yana da mahimmanci don sanin hikimar yin amfani da wannan hanya a cikin waɗanda suke ma matasa su yi zabe.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa aikin tiyata ba wani abu ne ba don ƙananan ƙuruci. Kamar yadda tsofaffi ke yi, aikin haɗari na hasara a yara masu girma shine kawai wani ɓangare na maganin. Wadanda suke bin tafarkin suna buƙatar yin amfani da halaye masu cin abinci mafi kyau da kuma aikin jiki na yau da kullum don rayuwa. In ba haka ba, suna iya samun wasu ko mafi yawan nauyin da suka rasa.
Sources:
Alqahtani AR, Antonisamy B, Alamri H, Elahmedi M, Zimmerman VA. Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy a cikin 108 Obese yara da matasa masu shekaru 5 zuwa 21. Annals na Tiyata, Agusta 2012; 256 (2): 266-73.
Kelleher DC, Merrill CT, Cottrell LT, Nadler EP, Burd RS. Ra'ayin da aka yi a yanzu na kasa a kan Amfani da ƙwararren yara na asibiti: 2000 zuwa 2009. JAMA Pediatrics 2013; 167 (20: 126-132.
Kelly AS, Barlow SE, Rao G, Inge TH, Hayman LL, Steinberger J, Urbina EM, Ewing LJ, Daniels SR. Babban Maganganu a Yara da Matasa: Sanarwa, Rawanin Rawanin Kiwon Lafiyar Lafiyar, da Guraguwa Ya kai Bayanan Kimiyya Daga Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amirka , Satumba 2013 (wanda aka buga a yanar gizo kafin a buga).
Lennerz BS, Wabitsch M, Lippert H, Wolff S, Knoll C, Weiner R, Mangewa T, Kiess W, Stroh C. Magunguna na yara a matasa da matasa Matasa-Tsaro da Kwarewa a cikin Kungiyar 345. Wurin Jarida na Duniya, Maris 2014; 38 (3): 334-40.
Masihu SE, Lopez-Mitnik G, Winegar D, Sherif B, Arheart KL, Reichard KW, Mista Michalsky, Lipshultz SE, Miller TL, Livingstone AS, de la Cruz-Munoz N. Sauye-sauye a cikin nauyin nauyi da kuma cututtuka tsakanin matasa da ke jurewa tiyata: sakamako mai shekaru 1 daga Sakamakon Bariatric Longitudinal Database. Hoto don Iyaye da cututtukan da ke ciki, Yuli-Agusta 2013; 9 (4): 503-13.
Nadler EP, Barefoot LC, Qureshi FG. Sakamako na farko bayan Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy a Matasa tare da Abbarin Obesity. Hoto, Agusta 2012; 152 (2): 212-7.