A ƙarshen shekara ta 2017, Kwalejin Kwalejin Nahiyar Kasuwancin (ACC) da Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka (AHA), tare da hadin gwiwar wasu manyan magungunan kiwon lafiyar, sun saki sabon tsarin jagororin kan hauhawar jini .
Wadannan sabon jagororin sun daɗe. Kafin a saki su, likitoci suna ƙoƙari su yi aiki daga akalla jagororin jagoranci hudu, daga kungiyoyi daban-daban, waɗanda suka bambanta daga juna a hanyoyi masu muhimmanci.
Ka'idodin 2017 sun yi alkawarin ƙaddamar da dukkanin aikin likita a wannan shafin game da hawan jini.
Ka'idodin 2017 sun bambanta a wasu hanyoyi masu mahimmanci daga ka'idojin hauhawar jini ta baya, kuma duka likitoci da mutane suna kimantawa ko kuma kula da hawan jini ya kamata su san wadannan sababbin shawarwari.
Menene Sabo a cikin Jagoran 2017?
Sabuwar bangarori na jagororin 2017 sun shiga cikin sassa biyar:
- Sabuwar tsarin haɗin jini
- Sabbin shawarwari don bincikar hawan jini
- Shan duk wani hadarin zuciya na zuciya na zuciya yayin yin yanke shawara
- Ƙarfafawa a kan salon salon canza canjin maganin hauhawar jini
- Ƙananan hawan jini a yayin da ake kulawa
Sabuwar Ingantaccen Harkokin Tsawan jini
Kafin jagorancin 2017, an dauke mutanen da ke dauke da jini na kimanin 120-139 mm Hg suna da "jinin jini"; wadanda suke da matsalolin da suka shafi 140-159 mm Hg sunyi la'akari da hawan jini na mataki na 1; kuma wadanda suke da matsalolin kwayoyi 160 mmHg ko sama da aka dauke da Stage 2 hauhawar jini.
Tsarin tsarawa na shekara ta 2010, bisa sakamakon sakamakon gwagwarmaya da suka wuce, ya rage ƙyamare don matakan farko na Stage 1 da Stage 2, kamar haka:
- An riga an kwatanta karfin jini a matsayin jini na systolic na 120-129 mmHg DA karfin jini na jini fiye da 80 mmHg.
- Sashe na 1 hauhawar jini an bayyana a matsayin jujjuyawan jini na jini na 130-139 mmHg KO diastolic matsa lamba na 80-89 mmHg.
- Sigar iska ta 2 an bayyana shi azaman tumɓin jini na mita 140 mm Hg ko mafi girma OR tasirin diastolic na 90 mmHg ko mafi girma.
A sakamakon haka, jagororin 2017 sun raba ragamar "prehytension" ta gaba zuwa kashi biyu. Ƙananan rabi har yanzu ana daukar su a matsayin ƙin jini, amma hakar na sama (systolic cutar karfin jini na 130-139) yanzu an dauke su a matsayin mataki na hawan jini. Wannan canji ya faru ne saboda bayanan daga gwajin gwaji sun bayyana a fili cewa mutanen da ke fama da cutar jini a cikin wannan nau'i na 130-139 suna da mummunan haɗari na rikitarwa na zuciya, kuma ya kamata a magance matsalolin jini.
Sabon Alkawari don Tattaunawar Hawan jini
Ka'idodin 2017 suna shan damuwa don nuna cewa yawancin karfin jini ya sauya a lokuta a ofisoshin likitoci, kuma hanyar hawan jini an samo asali ne, an sami matsaloli.
Tsawan jini na mutane yana gudana a hankali a lokacin kwanan wata, dangane da yanayin mutum, aiki, damuwa, matsayi, da sauran abubuwan da zasu iya canzawa daga minti daya zuwa minti. Don haka, don daidaita ƙimar jini, yana da muhimmanci a yi haka a ƙarƙashin yanayin kulawa da hankali.
A nan ne yadda sabon jagorori ke bayyana hanya mai kyau don auna yawan jini:
- Dole ne a yi annashuwa mai haƙuri, zaune a kujera (tare da ƙafafun ƙasa da baya goyon baya) don akalla minti 5.
- Mai haƙuri ya kamata ya guje wa maganin kafeyin, motsa jiki, da shan taba don akalla minti 30 kafin a yi auna.
- Mai haƙuri ya kamata ya zama mafitsara.
- Babu mai haƙuri ko mutumin da ke dauke da jini ya kamata ya yi magana a lokacin sauran lokuta, ko kuma lokacin da aka auna.
- Duk kayan ado da ke rufe wurin da zafin jini ya kamata a cire. (Babu shan jini a kan sutura.)
- Musamman ma, yawan jini ba za a auna shi ba yayin da mai haƙuri yana zaune ko kwance a kan tebur gwajin.
- Ya kamata a ɗauki akalla 2 ko 3, a kan akalla 2 ko 3 lokatai dabam-dabam, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙididdigar waɗannan ƙididdiga don gano asalin hauhawar jini.
Duk wanda ya je ofishin likita a cikin 'yan shekarun nan zai iya gane cewa waɗannan sharuɗɗa basu da yawa. Duk da haka, suna buƙatar a bi su domin yaduwar jini ya zama daidai. Hakanan gaskiya ne, amma hakika gaskiya ne a yau tare da tsarin ƙaddamarwar hauhawar jini wanda aka bada shawarar a cikin jagororin 2017. Sai dai idan an auna jinin jini a ƙarƙashin yanayi na kwanciyar hankali, kwanciyar dadi da aka bayyana a cikin waɗannan sharuɗɗa, rashin daidaituwa shine ɗaukar rikodi na jini za a ɗauke shi da ƙarya.
Bugu da kari, jagororin 2017 sun bada shawara cewa idan an samu hauhawar jini a cikin asibiti ta yin amfani da wannan matakan da hankali, za a auna girman jini ya kamata a ƙaddamar da hawan jini kafin a tantance cewa hawan jini ya kasance.
Shan Adadin Lafiya na Kwayoyin Tsarin Hoto cikin Asusun
Duk da yake mutanen da suka kamu da cutar jini a tsakanin 130-139 mm Hg an yanzu suna da ciwon hauhawar jini a mataki na 1 maimakon jinin jini, ka'idodin 2017 sun bayar da shawara suyi la'akari da hadarin zuciya na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini kafin su yanke shawarar ko a sanya su a kan maganin cutar.
Idan aka kwatanta yawan haɗarin jini na mutane da matakan hawan jini na mataki na 1, ka'idodi na 2017 sun bada shawara ta yin amfani da calculator na ACC / AHA Pooled Cohor Equations. Wannan ma'auni ya kiyasta lafiyar shekaru 10 na cutar cututtukan zuciya ta hanyar amfani da shekaru, tsere, jima'i, matakan cholesterol , jini jini, ciwon sukari da kuma shan taba, da kuma duk wani magani ga cholesterol da cutar karfin jini. Idan kimanin shekaru 10 dangane da wannan lamarin ƙaddamarwa ya kiyasta ya zama sama da kashi 10, to, an yi amfani da maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi game da hauhawar jini na Stage 1.
Idan halayen shekaru 10 na kasa da kashi 10 cikin dari, mutanen da ke dauke da mataki na 1 za a bi da su tare da sauye-sauye na rayuwa, kamar waɗanda suke da ciwon jini.
Mutanen da ke da matukar hawan jini na mataki na 2 zai kusan yin amfani da maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi .
Girmamawa kan Salon Canji
Ga duk wanda ke da kariyar rigakafi, ko Matsayi na 1 ko Stage 2, za a ƙarfafa canje-canje na rayuwa a matsayin ginshiƙan farfadowa ta hanyar jagororin 2017.
Sauye-shiryen salon salon rayuwa ya hada da yalwacin motsa jiki (akalla minti 30 na motsa jiki a kalla sau uku a kowanne mako), cin abinci na DASH, rage cin abinci mai cin abinci , shan taba , asarar nauyi, da kuma rage barasa zuwa fiye da sha daya a rana mata, da sha biyu a kowace rana ga maza.
Ƙananan Target na Jirgin Harkokin Cutar
Ka'idodin 2017 sun jaddada cewa ƙaddamar da maganin jini ya kamata ya zama matsa lamba na duniya fiye da 130 mmHg, da kuma matsa lamba na kasa da 80 mm Hg.
Wannan manufa ba ta da haɓaka fiye da manufofin da aka tsara ta hanyar jagorancin baya, wanda mafi yawanci ana nufin jini na jini na kasa da 140 mm Hg ga mafi yawan mutane. Wasu sharuɗɗa na baya sun bukaci karin hankali ga marasa lafiya, suna bada shawara na manufar kimanin 150 mmHg ko žasa.
Sabuwar maƙasudin kulawa da kimanin 130 mmHg ko žasa, ga tsofaffi da kuma kowa da kowa, ya dogara akan sakamakon sababbin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti, wanda ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako ga mutanen da ke cikin shekaru daban-daban da suka biyo baya.
Kalma Daga
Halayen hauhawar shekara ta 2017 suna wakiltar ƙarfafawa da sabuntawa da yawa daga jagorancin kungiyoyin masu sana'a, da nufin samun likitocin da ke bi da hauhawar jini a kan wannan shafin. Akwai canje-canje a cikin jagororin 2017 waɗanda za su dauki wasu yin amfani dasu, duka a cikin ganewar asali da kuma tsarin kula da hauhawar jini. Duk da haka, suna dogara ne akan shaidar tabbatar da asibitoci, kuma mafi yawan likitoci zasu karbi su.
Idan kana da ko ana kimantawa don hauhawar jini, zai zama kyakkyawar ra'ayi don tattauna waɗannan sabon jagororin tare da likitanka, don tabbatar da ganewar asalinka daidai ne, kuma tsarin lafiyarka ya fi dacewa a gare ka.
> Sources:
> Muntner P, Carey RM, Gidding S, et al. Hanyoyin yawancin Amirka na Cibiyar Harkokin Kwayoyin Harkokin Kasuwancin {asar Amirka ta Amirka, watau 2017, da Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Amirka, ta {asar Amirka, ta 2017. Yanayin 2017; DOI: 10.1161 / CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582.
> Wurin PK, Carey RM, Wuraren WS, et al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA Jagoran Harkokin Rigakafin, Gano, Bayani, da Gudanar da Harkokin Jiki a cikin Adalai: Rahoton Cibiyar Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Amurka / Aminiya Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ayyuka ta Clinical Practice. Hawan jini na jini 2017; DOI: 10.1161 / HYP.0000000000000066.
> Wurin PK, Carey RM, Wuraren WS, et al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA Jagoran Harkokin Rigakafin, Gano, Bayani, da Gudanar da Harkokin Jiki a cikin Adalai: Rahoton Cibiyar Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Amurka / Aminiya Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ayyuka ta Clinical Practice. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; DOI: 10.1016 / j.jacc.2017.11.005.