A watan Maris na 2013, Cibiyar Abinci da Drugta ta Amurka ta ba da gargadi game da matsalolin matsalolin zuciya da kwayoyin azithromycin. Gargaɗi ya nuna cewa wasu mutane na iya samun haɗarin mutuwa ta mutuwa a lokacin yin shan magani, musamman ma mutane da wasu cututtukan zuciya.
Jagoran FDA ya haifar da yaduwar watsa labaru, kuma ya ba da labaran Z-Pack (wanda aka tsara kimanin sau 60 a kowace shekara), kuma ya haifar da tsoro da damuwa tsakanin marasa lafiya da likitoci.
Yaya Yaya Dan Lafiya ne Azithromycin?
Azithromycin dan memba ne na iyali na macrolide, tare da erythromycin da clarithromycin. Yawancin lokaci an san cewa kusan dukkanin maganin rigakafi na macrolide na haifar da tsauraran lokaci na QT , wani sakamako da aka yi daga electrocardiogram . Kuma a wasu mutane - wadanda aka haifa tare da bambancin ciwon QT mai tsawo , wanda shine yanayin kwayar halitta wanda zai iya haifar da arrhythmias na zuciya - duk abin da ya tsawanta tsawon lokacin QT zai iya ƙara haɗarin hadarin arrhythmia da ake kira ventricular tachycardia .
Tsakanin lokaci na QT zai iya kasancewa mai hatsarin gaske a cikin mutane da wasu cututtuka na zuciya, musamman cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da ciwo na zuciya .
Abin farin cikin, babban haɗari na bunkasa arrhythmia mai haɗari da azithromycin kadan ne - abu kamar daya a cikin dubu biyu.
Azithromycin ya haɗa da jerin kwayoyi wanda zai iya tsawanta lokacin QT, kuma wanda zai iya, ƙila, ƙãra haɗarin mutuwa ta kwatsam a cikin wadanda suka kamu da cutar da ke fama da cutar QT ko cututtukan zuciya.
Wadannan kwayoyi, baya ga maganin rigakafi, sun hada da magungunan maganin antiarrhythmic (magungunan, wanda ya kamata, ya kamata ya hana arrhythmias), da magungunan antidepressant, da kuma magungunan da ake amfani dasu don alamun cututtuka na gastrointestinal.
Ga jerin magungunan da ke shafe tsawon lokaci na QT, wanda aka samu ta hanyar CredibleMeds, cibiyar Cibiyar Ilimi da Bincike a fannin ilimin kimiyya a fannin ilimin kimiyya.
Babu dalilin dalili cewa azithromycin yana da haɗari fiye da kowane irin kwayoyi a kan wannan jerin jerin lokuta: wato, ga mutanen da ke da bambancin ciwo na QT ko wasu nau'o'in cututtukan zuciya, kowane irin wadannan kwayoyi zai iya zama mai yiwuwar hadari. Ga wani kuma, ana iya ɗaukar wadannan kwayoyi ba tare da damuwa game da arrhythmias da ke haɗe da lokaci mai tsawo na QT ba.
Yaya Za a iya Faɗakar da Mutanen da ke da Matsala
Yawancin alamun kwayoyin sun gane cewa gano mutane da yawa daga cikin wadannan mutane masu saukin kamuwa, kuma an gano wasu alamu a duk lokacin. Duk wanda ke da daya daga cikin alamomin ya kamata ya guje wa azithromycin da duk wani miyagun ƙwayoyi a kan wannan jerin. Abin takaici, gwajin kwayoyin ba tukuna ba tukuna, kuma yawancin mutanen da ke da nauyin QT da yawa ba su san cewa suna cikin haɗari ba.
Yawancin likitoci a yau suna guje wa yin amfani da waɗannan kwayoyin QT-prolonged kwayoyi a cikin mutanen da suka san ciwo na QT da yawa, a cikin iyalan mutanen da ke fama da ƙwayar QT, ko kuma a cikin mutanen da ke da abubuwan da ba a iya ganowa ba na kama zuciya ko syncope . Idan akwai tsammanin wani bambancin QT mai tsawo, za a iya gwada gwajin gwagwarmaya ta gwajin gwajin. (Zangon QT zai iya tsawanta lokacin motsa jiki a cikin mutane masu saurin kai.)
Amma ya ba da halin yanzu, don likitoci mafi yawa zasu rubuta kwayoyi irin su azithromycin, idan an buƙata, a cikin wanda ba tare da cututtukan zuciya ba wanda ba shi da wani sirri ko tarihin iyali da ya dace tare da ciwo mai ƙidayar QT, kuma wanda ma'aunin lantarki na ainihi ya dace - musamman idan (kamar yadda a cikin shari'ar) an riga an yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi sau da yawa ba tare da alamar matsala ba.
Amma, a bayyane yake, mafi kyawun abu da kake yi shi ne yin magana da likitanka game da ko zaka iya ci gaba da amfani da azithromycin lafiya.
> Sources:
> Ray WA, Murray KT, Hall K, et al. Azithromycin da Hadarin Mutuwar Lafiya. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1881.
> Cibiyar Abinci da Drug. Azithromycin (Zithromax ko Zmax): Sadarwar Tsaro ta Drug - Hadarin Rashin Harshen Mai Riki Mai Rahama. http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm343350.htm?source=govdelivery