Tabbatar da ayoyi yana tabbatar da kulawa da jiyya na farko
A farkon matakan kamuwa da cutar, mutane da yawa za su ci gaba da nuna rashin lafiya. Wannan shi ne, watakila, daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa kashi 20 cikin 100 na asusun Amurka miliyan 1.2 da ke zaune tare da kwayar cutar HIV ba su da tabbas. Suna ko dai basu gane cewa sun kamu da cutar ba ko za suyi aiki kawai idan alamun waje zai fara.
Duk da haka, kamar yadda kashi 40 cikin 100 na lokuta, mura-kamar bayyanar cututtuka zai ci gaba a cikin kwanaki 7 zuwa 14 na ɗaukar hotuna.
Wannan yanayin ana kiransa da ciwon sikila mai zurfi, ko ARS (wanda aka sani da ciwon sikila ko ƙwayar cuta).
ARS na iya gabatarwa tare da wadannan cututtuka , daga sauƙi zuwa mai tsanani:
- zazzabi
- gajiya
- ciwon kai
- pharyngitis (ciwon makogwaro)
- myalgia (muscular aches da zafi)
- arthralgia (haɗin gwiwa)
- lymphadenopathy (kumbura lymph gland)
Lokaci-lokaci, wadannan cututtuka za su kasance tare da rash (wanda aka fi sani da ƙwayar cutar HIV ) wadda ta nuna tare da launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda wadda ke juyawa zuwa manyan filaye, da farko a saman rabin jikin. Bugu da ƙari, kashi 30 cikin dari na mutane zasu fuskanci tashin hankali, cututtuka, ko vomiting.
Yawancin wadannan bayyanar cututtuka sune sakamakon karfin jiki zuwa HIV kamar yadda ya karu da sauri daga shafin kamuwa da kamuwa da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar, wanda ya haifar da martani.
ARS na iya jurewa har tsawon watanni har zuwa lokacin da tsarin na rigakafi ya fara daukar nauyin cutar kuma ya motsa cikin abin da muke kira ƙaddamarwar kamuwa da cuta.
Yayinda kwayar cutar HIV za ta sake yin amfani da shi a lokacin kamuwa da cuta a baya, ta kullum yana yin haka a hankali har sai an fara kwantar da hankalin kwayar cutar ta HIV kuma an kafa magungunan hoto.
Tabbatar da cutar HIV
Ƙwararruwar likita za ta iya rasa ko da ta likita saboda abin da ke nuna alamun sun kasance mai kama da kamuwa a cikin gabatarwarsu.
Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar yadda ake daukar kwayar HIV ; don gane ƙananan cututtuka na HIV, da kuma samun gwajin HIV ya kamata ku yi zargin cewa kun kamu da cutar.
Tun da gwajin kwayar cutar HIV yakan iya haifar da mummunan sakamako a lokacin farkon kamuwa da cutar, ana iya amfani da gwajin cutar kyamar kwayar cutar HIV idan bayyanar cututtuka suna da ban sha'awa na ARS. A irin wannan hali, idan mutum yana da mummunan sakamako na cutar antibody amma babban burbushin hoto (fiye da 100,000 kofe / mL), za a dauke shi ko ita HIV. Jiyya zai fi dacewa fara nan da nan, yayin gwaji mai zuwa za a yi a kwanan wata don tabbatar da sakamakon.
Sabbin sababbin maganin antigen / antigen sun tabbatar da tasiri sosai a tabbatar da serostatus a lokacin ARS, tare da wasu gwajin da ke nuna matakan girma.
A sakamakon wannan, Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Tsaro ta Amurka ta bayar da shawarwarin da aka gabatar a watan Mayu 2013 yana kira ga gwajin gwajin gwajin gwagwarmayar dukan 'yan Amurke 15 zuwa 65 a matsayin wani ɓangare na ziyarar likita. Sauran wadanda suka fi kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta & 8218 # ciki har da mutanen da ke yin jima'i da maza (MSM) - ya kamata a gwada su a kowace shekara.
Amfanin Farko na Farko
Sanin bayyanar cututtuka na ARS yana da mahimmanci kamar yadda yake ba mutum damar don fara ganowa.
Wannan ba wai kawai taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa kwayar cutar HIV ba ta yada wa wasu ba amma yana ba da damar amfani da shi a farkon hanyar magani.
Nazarin ya nuna cewa farkon farawa na maganin rigakafi ya danganta ga ƙananan haɗarin cutar HIV da cutar AIDS. Ya bambanta, jinkirta farfadowa har sai adadin CD4 na mutum ya sauko a kasa da 350 Kwayoyin / ML yana hade da ba kawai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa ba, amma muhimmancin - har ma da zurfin - raguwa a cikin shekarun rayuwa .
Ƙarshe, magani na farko ya hana ɓarkewar ɓangaren CD4 a cikin tsakiya zuwa ga amsawar da ba a rigakafi ba. Hakanan zai iya rage haɗarin ƙetare cutar zuwa wasu ta hanyar rage girman nauyin hoto na kwayar cutar, hanyar da ake kira " Treatment as Protection" (TasP) .
A yanzu an ba da shawara cewa farautar cutar HIV za a fara a lokacin ganewar asali , wanda aka sani da shi don rage rashin lafiya da mutuwa ta hanyar kashi 57 cikin 100.
Sources:
Cohen, M .; Gay, C .; Busch, P .; da kuma Hecht, F. "Gano Magungunan Cutar HIV." Jaridar cututtukan cututtuka. 2010; 202 (Karin bayani): S270-S277.
> Heinrich, T. da Gandhi, R. "Harkokin Farko da Ciwon Ruwa na HIV: Tsarin Hanya a Lokacin?" Jaridar cututtukan cututtuka. Yuli 2013; Doi: 10.1093 / infdis / jit307.
Hogg, R .; Althoff, K .; Samji, H .; et al. "Karuwa a cikin tsinkaye na rayuwa tsakanin wadanda ke fama da kwayar cutar HIV a cikin Amurka da Canada, 2000-2007." 7th Conference of AIDS Society (IAS) Conference on Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Yuni 30-Yuli 3, 2013; Abubuyar TUPE260.
> Ƙungiyar Nazarin Sake Farawa. "Gaddamar da farfadowa da maganin cutar kanjamau a Early Asymptomatic HIV infection." New England Journal of Medicine. Yuli 20, 2015; DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.
Moyer, V. "Shirye-shiryen maganin HIV: Dokar Bayar da Shawarwarin Bayar da Ta'addanci na Amurka." Afrilu 30, 2013. Annals of Medicine Internal. Afrilu 30, 2013; Doi: 10.7326 / 0003-4819-159-1-201307020-00645.