Naman kaza ƙanana ne ko manyan tsuntsaye waɗanda ke da jikin 'ya'yan itace masu rarraba kuma suna girma a sama ko ƙasa. Manyan namomin kaza suna ci gaba da zama ɓangare na abinci mai kyau, kuma kana iya ganin wasu 'yan iri a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki ko a menu a cikin gidajen cin abinci da kafi so. Ko da yake sun fi amfani da su dafa abinci, an yi amfani da wasu namomin kaza a cikin maganin gargajiya na Girka da na kasar Sin don magance wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya, irin su ƙonewa, gajiya ko kamuwa da cuta.
Saboda amfanin lafiyar su, an yi amfani da namomin kaza a matsayin "abincin abinci". Har ila yau, akwai litattafan binciken da suka kalli amfani da wasu nau'un namomin kaza a cikin magance cututtuka na zuciya - ciki har da high cholesterol da triglycerides - kuma sakamakon ya zuwa yanzu ya bayyana alamar.
Ta Yaya Zaman Naman Gana Ajiye?
Abin takaici, yawancin nazarin da aka yi amfani dasu don nazarin amfani da namomin kaza a rage yawan ƙwayar cholesterol ko triglycerides an yi akan dabbobi, irin su berayen, zomaye da mice. Yawancin waɗannan nazarin sunyi nazarin shiitake ne kawai ( Lentinus edodes ), Portobello ( Agaricus bisporus ) ko namomin kaza ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) - wasu daga cikin namomin kaza da suka fi samo a cikin shaguna da gidajen cin abinci. Wadannan dabbobi an ciyar da yawan namomin kaza da aka yi su a cikin abincin su na tsawon lokaci zuwa wata biyu. A wasu daga cikin waɗannan nazarin, ya bayyana cewa:
- An rage yawan nauyin cholesterol tsakanin kashi 10 da 65 bisa dari.
- An saukar da matakan Triglyceride ta hanyar zuwa kashi 70.
- LDL cholesterol matakan da aka saukar tsakanin 5 zuwa 54 bisa dari.
- Matsayin cholesterol na HDL bai bayyana ba a cikin mafi yawan binciken.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa kawai nazarin karatu ne kawai ya dubi nauyin HDL, LDL, da kuma triglyceride, yayin da yawancin nazarin ya dubi tasirin namomin kaza a dukkanin matakan cholesterol.
Sakamakon binciken kowane nau'i na namomin kaza ya zama abin dogara da kashi-kashi, ma'ana yawancin namomin kaza cike zai haifar da mafi girma a cikin lipids. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin raguwar da ke cikin lipids an lura da su a cikin dabbobi kuma suna cin abincin da ke da kitsen mai ko cholesterol.
Akwai ƙananan binciken ɗan adam da ke nazarin sakamako akan namomin kaza a kan cholesterol da matakan triglyceride. Wadannan karatun sune kaɗan da rikicewa:
- A cikin nazarin daya, mutane biyar sunyi amfani da namomin kaza iri 10 zuwa 15 na yau da kullum a tsawon wata daya. Wannan ya haifar da karuwar yawan ƙwayar cholesterol har zuwa kashi 30.
- A cikin wani karamin binciken, mutane 20 wadanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV da suka kamu da kwayoyin cutar ta hanyar cinyewar cututtuka ta cinye 15 grams na naman kaza a cikin watanni biyu na gishiri. A ƙarshen binciken, babu wani tasirin da ya shafi tasirin cholesterol - duk da haka, matakan triglyceride sun rage ta kusan kashi 19 cikin dari.
Zuciya-Lafiya mai Lafiya a cikin namomin kaza
Akwai alamun wasu sinadaran da aka samo a cikin namomin kaza wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen maganin lalacewar su:
- Beta-glucan , wani nau'i na fiber mai soluble , ana samun su a wasu wurare daban-daban a cikin namomin kaza. Ana tsammanin cewa beta-glucan zai iya tsoma baki tare da maye gurbin cholesterol zuwa cikin jini.
- Eritadenine, an yi tunanin rage ƙananan matakan ta hanyar canza hanyar da aka sanya a cikin hanta.
- Mevinolin, wani sashi wanda aka samo a cikin wasu namomin kaza, ayyuka ta hana HMG CoA reductase, wani maɓallin enzyme mai amfani don yin cholesterol cikin jiki.
Wadannan sunadarai masu ragewa da ƙwayoyin cholesterol sun bambanta da yawa tsakanin nau'o'in namomin kaza kuma a halin yanzu ana binciken su a matsayin maganin magance cututtukan zuciya.
Ya kamata in Add namomin kaza zuwa Abincin Abinci?
Ko da yake wasu bincike sun nuna cewa namomin kaza na iya mallaka kaddarorin masu amfani da zasu iya taimakawa wajen rage ƙwayar cholesterol da matakan triglyceride, ana buƙatar ƙarin nazarin don kara binciken wannan.
Duk da iyakanceccen nazarin, namomin kaza suna da fiber da furotin kuma suna da ƙananan carbohydrates da kitsen mairai - suna sanya su abinci mai kyau don hadawa a cikin abincin ku mai kyau.
Idan kuna neman ra'ayoyin akan yadda za ku kunshi namomin kaza a cikin abincin ku na rage yawan abinci na cholesterol, akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don ƙara su zuwa appetizers .
Duk da amfanin lafiyarsu, wasu namomin kaza na iya ƙunsar ciwon daji wanda zai iya zama cutarwa. Don zama lafiya, kada ku cinye namomin kaza a cikin daji sai dai idan kuna da tabbacin cewa su ne namomin kaza. Ana samun ire-iren namomin kaza iri-iri a cikin kantin kayan sayar da ku ko gidajen abinci na gida.
Sources:
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Guillamon E, Garcia-Lafuente A, Lozano M, et al. Maganin namomin ganyaye: rawar jiki wajen rigakafin cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Fitoterapia 2010; 715-723.
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Valverde ME, Hernandez-Perez T, Parades-Lopez. Maganin namomin kaza: inganta kiwon lafiya da kuma inganta ingancin rayuwa. Int J Microbiol 2015: 1-14.
Yang H, Hwang I, Kim S et al. Lentinus edodes na inganta ƙwayar jiki a cikin ratsiyoyin hypercholesterolemic. Exp Chang Med 2013; 6: 1409-1413.
Yoon KN, Alam N, Lee JS, et al. Hanyoyin cututtuka na abincin abincin na Lentinus akan plasma, feces, da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ratsiyoyin hypercholesterolemic. Mycology 2011; 39: 96-102.