Hemolytic anemia ya kwatanta babban rukuni na yanayin da ke nuna yawan halakar jini. Kwanan kuɗin jini na jini yana da kwanaki 120. A karshen kwanaki 120, an rushe jinin jini na jini kuma an sake sake sassan sa don yin sababbin. Lokacin da yaduwar jinin jininka ya fi sauri fiye da wannan, an kira shi hemolysis.
Hemolysis zai iya haifar da abubuwa da yawa. Wasu siffofin da kuka gaji, kamar maganin spherocytosis da kuma ƙananan kinase . Sauran suna haifar da tsarin rigakafinka na rushe jinin jinin, kamar jini na anemia ko nakasar cutar ɗan jariri . A cikin maganin anemia wanda ke haifar da miyagun ƙwayoyi, akwai hanyoyi daban-daban da ke haifar da hemolysis lokacin da kake nunawa ga magani ko toxin.
Alamai da cututtuka
Alamar da alamun cututtuka na anemia mai yaduwa da kwayoyi suna kama da wasu siffofin anemia hemolytic. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka sun bambanta kadan akan ko yaduwar kwayar jinin jini ta rushe yayin da yake cikin wurare dabam dabam (cututtuka na intravascular hemolysis) ko a waje da kwayoyin halitta (yawanci hanta da kuma yada). Your bayyanar cututtuka na iya hada da:
- Jaundice, yellowing da fata
- Dark (shayi ko cola masu launin) fitsari
- Pallor, canza launin fata na fata
- Wuya, gajiya
- Dizziness
- Girman zuciya mai yawa
- Rawancin numfashi
- Splenomegaly, kara girman ƙwan zuma
Sanin asali
Sanin asalin maganin anemia wanda ya haifar da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana farawa kamar yawancin alamun anemia, tare da ƙididdigar jini (CBC). An nuna cututtukan cututtuka ta rashin haemoglobin da / ko hematocrit. A cikin anemia mai yaduwa, an samar da kayan jinin jini don haifar da yawan adadin reticulocytes, marasa jinin jini.
Wannan jarrabawar ana yawan kira shi ne kuma za'a iya bayar da rahoto a matsayin adadi ko cikakken reticulocyte count (ARC).
Don gano asalin ilimin jini, yana da mahimmanci ga wani (ko dai likitan zuciyarka ko likita) don duba karnukan jinin ka a ƙarƙashin microscope. Wannan gwaji ana kiranta jinin jini. Jigon jini mai yaduwa yana kallonta, kamar kamala a ƙarƙashin microscope, amma a lokacin da aka lalata jiniyar jini ta jini ba tare da dadewa ba sun zama rabuwa ko kuma sunyi kama da spheres ko globes.
Wasu magunguna suna haifar da anemia mai yaduwa kamar cutar anemia. Idan kana da wannan, jarrabawar da ake kira gwajin antiglobulin kai tsaye (DAT ko Direct Coombs) zai zama alama mai nuna cewa tsarinka na rigakafi yana ci gaba kuma yana lalata jinsin jininku ba daidai ba. Saboda gidan jini na jini ya sake bilirubin, alamar da ke haifar da jaundice, za a daukaka matakan bilirubin. In ba haka ba, babu takamaiman gwaje-gwaje don sanin ko maganin ku ne abin da ke haifar da anemia na hemolytic. Gaba ɗaya, ana tabbatar da ganewar asali idan animia ya inganta bayan dakatar da magani.
Dalilin
Akwai magunguna da yawa da suka haɗa da cutar anemia hemolytic.
Mafi yawan marasa laifi sune:
- Cephalosporins, kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da ceftriaxone
- Penicillins, musamman ma piperacillin
- Diclofenac, mai ba da ka'ida mai cututtukan steroidal
- Oxaliplatin, magani na chemotherapeutic
Halin da aka danganta shine glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) rashi. A cikin wannan nau'i na anemia, kuna ɓacewa daga maɓallin enzyme (sinadaran) a cikin kwayar jinin jini. Idan an fallasa ku zuwa wasu magunguna kamar sulfa maganin maganin rigakafi, yaduwar jinin ku zai iya haifar da hadarin anemia. Idan kana da raunin G6PD, yana da muhimmanci a gare ka ka san abin da magunguna / abinci ya kamata ka guji .
Jiyya Zɓk
Za'a ƙaddamar da zaɓuɓɓukan jiyya ta yadda mummunan anemia mai tsanani ne.
Na farko, dole ne a dakatar da magani / toxin da ke haifar da anemia mai yaduwa. Za a iya ba da jini ga jini idan ya cancanta. Idan hemolysis yana da tsanani, zai iya haifar da rauni na koda. Abin farin cikin, wannan yana da wucin gadi lokaci ne kuma yana inganta sau ɗaya bayan saukar da ma'auni, amma wannan na iya buƙatar dialysis na tsawon lokaci.
Kalma Daga
Yana iya zama abin ban mamaki don sanin cewa magani da kake ɗauka don wata likita ta haifar da anemia. Abin farin ciki, cire maye gurbi zai kiyaye hemolysis daga damuwa. Yana da muhimmanci a tattauna da likitan ku abin da magani ya haifar da anemia don ku iya guji yin amfani da shi a nan gaba.
> Sources:
> Schrier SL da Brugnara C. Pathogenesis na anemia masu haɗarin halayen jini: Warm agglutinins da kwayoyi. A: UpToDate, Post, TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Schrier SL. Hemolytic anemia saboda kwayoyi da kuma gubobi. A: UpToDate, Post, TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.